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Nasa’s 31-year-old Hubble Space Telescope has made another incredible discovery — it has found a “lopsided” spiral galaxy that has been deformed by the gravitational tug of another nearby galaxy. NASA has shared the stunning image of the galaxy called “NGC 2276”, which is located in the constellation Cepheus, about 120 million light-years away from the Earth. In the image, dust of blue stars surrounds the yellowish core just like the scene from the Avengers: Age Of Ultron movie when the AI Ultron attacks and tries to swallow another AI Jarvis developed by Tony Stark, aka Iron Man.

NASA said the spiral galaxy looks a bit lopsided because of the “galactic game of tug-of-war”. “A neighbouring galaxy is gravitationally tugging on its disk of blue stars, pulling the stars on one side of the galaxy outward,” NASA captioned the post on Instagram.

In a statement on its website, NASA said that a bright hub of older yellowish stars normally lies directly in the centre of most spiral galaxies, and added ”but the bulge in NGC 2276 looks offset to the upper left”.

“In reality, a neighbouring galaxy to the right of NGC 2276 (NGC 2300, not seen in the image) is gravitationally tugging on its disk of blue stars, pulling the stars on one side of the galaxy outward to distort the galaxy’s normal fried-egg appearance,” said NASA. This gravitational pull between galaxies that pass close enough is not uncommon in the universe, but all such close encounters look differently.

Commenting on the image on Instagram, a user, Ilaibaah, wrote, “That’s the most gigantic tug of war I’ve seen.”

“Is that other galaxy the main cause of those blue stars,” asked a person with the username Geejay1976.

Another user, Astro.nor, said that the colour of a star was due to its temperature. “Blue stars are hotter, red stars are cooler (but still very, very hot),” the user added.

Spiral galaxy

A spiral galaxy is a twisted collection of hot young stars and gas. Most of the galaxies that scientists have discovered, roughly 72 per cent of all the galaxies, are spiral, as opposed to elliptical and irregular galaxies. Our Milky Way is an example of a spiral galaxy.

Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA. To celebrate the 31st anniversary of the Hubble Space Telescope in April this year, NASA had released a celebratory image of one of the brightest stars in our galaxy, named AG Carinae, located approximately 20,000 light-years away.

Since its launch in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope has made more than 1.4 million observations as it has an “unobstructed view” of the universe, according to NASA.


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Is Earth’s New Minimoon 2024 Visible to Naked Eye?

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Is Earth’s New Minimoon 2024 Visible to Naked Eye?

On 29th September, Earth captured a temporary new companion, an asteroid named 2024 PT5. This near-Earth object, roughly the size of a bus at 33 feet wide, has entered Earth’s orbit for 57 days before it’s expected to resume its path around the sun. While the term “minimoon” sounds exciting, 2024 PT5 is far too small to be seen with the naked eye. Even backyard telescopes won’t help as it is 300,000 times smaller than Earth’s primary moon.

According to Professor Carlos de la Fuente Marcos of Universidad Complutense de Madrid, the object remains beyond the reach of typical amateur telescopes. However, professional astronomers, with more advanced equipment, will be able to study the minimoon and may release images of it during its short stay.

Origin and Future of the Minimoon

Astronomers suggest that 2024 PT5 originated from the Arjuna asteroid belt, a region of space known for asteroids that closely follow Earth’s orbit around the sun. The asteroid is expected to make another close approach to Earth in January 2025, with a subsequent flyby in 2055.

Not Earth’s First Temporary Moon

2024 PT5 is not the first minimoon captured by Earth. Previous temporary moons include 2006 RH120, which orbited Earth for 18 months between 2006 and 2007, and 2020 CD3, which lingered for three years before drifting away in 2020. Some scientists have even proposed that these transient moons could serve as potential “stepping stones” for future space missions, offering opportunities to explore asteroids or delve deeper into the solar system.

In conclusion, while Earth’s latest minimoon is a fascinating phenomenon, it remains hidden from ordinary viewers, visible only through the lenses of professional observatories.

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Study Reveals COVID-19 Lockdown Affected Lunar Temperatures

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Study Reveals COVID-19 Lockdown Affected Lunar Temperatures

Indian scientists recently made a fascinating discovery: the global COVID-19 lockdowns of 2020 affected not only Earth but also the Moon’s temperature. A study published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters found that lunar nighttime temperatures dropped by 8-10 Kelvin during the strict lockdown period between April and May 2020.

Led by Dr. K. Durga Prasad and Dr. G. Ambily from the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), the research team used data collected by NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. The team analysed six sites on the Moon’s nearside between 2017 and 2023, comparing the temperature records from various years. They observed a clear decrease in temperature during the height of global lockdowns, compared to other years in the study. The reduction in Earth’s outgoing radiation during this time, linked to decreased human activity and fewer greenhouse gas emissions, is believed to have caused the unusual cooling on the lunar surface.

Temperature Analysis and Future Implications

According to the research, the lowest lunar temperature recorded in 2020 was 96.2 K at one of the sites, whereas the highest of the lowest temperatures was 143.8 K in 2022. The temperature variations across years suggest that the Moon’s thermal environment is sensitive to changes on Earth.

The scientists suggest that this unique period of global inactivity has provided insight into the relationship between Earth’s atmosphere and the Moon. Though more data is needed to fully understand this correlation, the study opens up new possibilities for observing Earth’s climate from the Moon. Future lunar-based observatories may play a significant role in monitoring the Earth’s environment and improving our understanding of planetary interactions.

This discovery highlights how events on Earth can influence celestial bodies in ways we are only beginning to comprehend.

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China Introduces Advanced Spacesuit for 2030 Moon Landing Mission

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China Unveils Its Moon-Landing Spacesuit for 2030

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China Unveils Its Moon-Landing Spacesuit for 2030

China is making remarkable progress in its goal to send astronauts to the moon by 2030. Recently, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) unveiled a new spacesuit designed specifically for this historic mission. This announcement highlights China’s commitment to enhancing its space capabilities and achieving significant milestones in lunar exploration.

Innovative Spacesuit Design

The newly revealed spacesuit features a striking red-and-white design, showcasing advanced technology tailored for lunar conditions. It is engineered to endure the extreme temperatures, radiation, and dust found on the moon. Key features include integrated cameras, an operations console, and a glare-resistant visor, all of which will aid astronauts during their extravehicular activities.

China’s Strategic Position in Space Exploration

China’s efforts to establish itself as a leader in space exploration have garnered international attention. With a series of successful robotic missions, including the recent retrieval of lunar samples, the nation is well on its way to making its first crewed moon landing. This mission aims not only to showcase technological prowess but also to reinforce China’s position in the global space race.

The spacesuit is part of a broader strategy that includes plans for a crewed spacecraft named “Mengzhou” (Dream Vessel) and a lander called “Lanyue” (Embracing the Moon). Beyond the 2030 mission, China aims to create an international lunar research station at the moon’s south pole by 2040, further solidifying its long-term ambitions in space.

Conclusion: A New Era of Lunar Exploration

As China prepares for its moon mission, the unveiling of this advanced spacesuit signifies not only a technological leap but also a renewed determination to explore the final frontier. With its sights set firmly on the moon, China is poised to make a lasting impact on the future of space exploration.

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