Following Ms Tsai’s National Day address in Taipei, a range of was weaponry was displayed, including missile launchers, armoured vehicles, fighter jets and helicopters.
Ms Tsai said her country would not “act rashly”, but added: “There should be absolutely no illusions that the Taiwanese people will bow to pressure.”
She also repeated an offer to talk to China on the basis of parity.
Beijing, however, said Ms Tsai’s speech had “incited confrontation” and insisted the two countries must be “reunified”.
Waiting nine hours to respond to her comments, China said: “This speech advocated Taiwan independence, incited confrontation, cut apart history and distorted facts.
“The independence provocation by the Democratic Progressive Party (Tsai’s ruling party) authorities is the source of tension and turbulence in cross-strait relations and the greatest threat to peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait.”
On Saturday, Chinese leader Xi Jinping said reunification with Taiwan “must be realised”, adding that it could be done peacefully.
But surveys show the Taiwanese people are overwhelmingly in favour of the status quo.