What Vladimir Putin thought would be a lightning-quick conquest has morphed into an exhausting duel of artillery – with no end in sight.
And the fighting in the Donbas over the past year has been absolutely relentless.
It also appears to be getting worse in the face of a new Russian offensive.
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Sky News looks back at some of the most powerful moments from the war in Ukraine
In places like Chasiv Yar, near Bakhmut, most people have left. It’s easy to understand why.
Every day now, the artillery is getting closer.
In the shattered and broken communities of this region people are weary – and mostly reliant on aid parcels to survive – as the fighting rages around them.
After a long year, the cost of this punishing war is increasingly only measured in pain and suffering.
Oleksandr, a pensioner, says he does not know sometimes how he keeps going.
“I’m not sleeping during the night, and not sleeping during the day, so I’m exhausted.
“It’s not life, it’s just hell – just suffering.
“I’m very sensitive and I’ve got health problems. I want to leave, but my wife doesn’t.”
Back at the graveyard, new plots are being excavated for soldiers that have not yet been killed in combat.
Viktoria is far from the only Ukrainian mourning the loss of a loved one.
It is a bleak picture.
And, of course, it is just one military cemetery – in a country which is bleeding for its survival.