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It seems like only yesterday that a mysterious new program called Energy Earthshots was in the works for the US Department of Energy, and everybody was wondering what that could possibly be. The curtain has now lifted and the answer is clean hydrogen. If you’re thinking why clean hydrogen and not green hydrogen, that’s a good question. The answer could make fossil energy stakeholders very happy or very, very sad.

Green Hydrogen Vs. Clean Hydrogen

For those of you new to the topic, hydrogen is the cornerstone of the modern industrial economy. The booming market for hydrogen fuel cells is just one slice of a huge chemical pie that includes agriculture, food processing, and refining, among other areas.

The problem is that almost the entire global supply of hydrogen comes from natural gas and coal.

However, not for long. Low-cost renewable energy has fostered a rosier economic outlook for new and more sustainable hydrogen sources, aka green hydrogen. Most of the activity is concentrated in the field of electrolysis, which refers to systems that deploy electricity to tease bubbles of hydrogen gas out of water.

This is what is known as green hydrogen. Other renewable hydrogen sources include biomass, biogas, municipal wastewater, and municipal solid waste.

The idea of producing hydrogen from reclaimed industrial gasses and plastic waste is also catching on. That’s more sustainable than using virgin natural gas or coal to produce hydrogen, though much of the foundational feedstock is still fossil-based and not renewable.

Then there’s a public relations gimmick cooked up by fossil energy stakeholders, in which you still produce hydrogen from natural gas or coal, but you hook it up to a carbon capture system and call it “blue” hydrogen, which supposedly translates into “clean” hydrogen.

I know, right? We think so, too.

So What Is It, Green Hydrogen Or Clean Hydrogen?

All else being equal, the “clean hydrogen” referred to in the new Energy Earthshots initiative could include support for fossil-sourced hydrogen with carbon capture, as well as reclaimed hydrogen from wastes.

However, last week CleanTechnica eyeballed the Biden administration’s FY 2022 budget proposal, and we took a quick look back the Energy Department’s green hydrogen initiatives during the administration of former President and accused insurrectionist Donald Trump, and then we connected the dots to current Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm’s pronouncements about renewable hydrogen earlier this year, and our conclusion is that when Energy Earthshots says clean hydrogen, they may be leaving a bit of wiggle room for fossil sources, but probably not all that much.

Get Ready For The Hydrogen Shot

The name “Earthshots Initiative” is a play on the successful 20th century Moonshot venture that shot US astronauts into space before anybody else got there, and the Energy Department’s early 21st century Sunshot Initiative, which launched during the Obama administration with the goal of bringing down the cost of solar power.

Energy Earthshots aims to replicate that all-hands-on-deck frenzy of collaborative innovation to tackle the energy challenges of the early mid-century period, which will make or break the ability of humankind to save itself from catastrophic climate change.

The Energy Earthshots Initiative aims to “accelerate breakthroughs of more abundant, affordable, and reliable clean energy solutions within the decade,” the Energy Department explained in a press release on Monday.

Skeptics were and still are laughing off the idea of the hydrogen economy of the future, but the Energy Department is a big fan and they just clapped back bigly when they picked hydrogen as the very first focus of the new Energy Earthshots initiative.

“The first Energy Earthshot — Hydrogen Shot — seeks to reduce the cost of clean hydrogen by 80% to $1 per kilogram in one decade,” the Energy Department said. “Achieving these targets will help America tackle the climate crisis, and more quickly reach the Biden-Harris Administration’s goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 while creating good-paying, union jobs and growing the economy.”

“Clean hydrogen is a game changer. It will help decarbonize high-polluting heavy-duty and industrial sectors, while delivering good-paying clean energy jobs and realizing a net-zero economy by 2050,” Secretary Granholm added.

Here’s the money quote from the press release:

“By achieving Hydrogen Shot’s 80% cost reduction goal, we can unlock a five-fold increase in demand by increasing clean hydrogen production from pathways such as renewables, nuclear, and thermal conversion. This would create more clean energy jobs, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and position America to compete in the clean energy market on a global scale.”

Fossil-Sourced Hydrogen With Carbon Capture, Or Maybe Not

If you caught that thing about renewables and nuclear, that’s a reference to electrolysis, meaning green hydrogen. There is also something called thermochemical conversion, which deploys high heat from nuclear or concentrating solar plants to split hydrogen from water, but that seems a bit too early-stagey to fit into the Hydrogen Shot timeline. The other option is thermal conversion, which generally refers to steam reformation and other processes that apply to natural gas and coal, meaning not green hydrogen.

The Hydrogen Shot Request for Information emphasizes diverse energy sources in the US, and it specifically mentions fossil energy plus carbon capture for ramping up hydrogen production, so it looks like fossil energy stakeholders have something to cheer about after all.

Or, maybe not. Climate action has become a mainstream business model. It’s a good bet that the market for fossil-sourced hydrogen will shrink as the supply of sustainable hydrogen grows, carbon capture or not.

The Energy Department’s RFI appears to recognize that the private sector is already leaning towards green hydrogen. Despite the nod to fossil-sourced hydrogen, the agency highlights green hydrogen in a shortlist of major projects currently under way:

“… hydrogen production, storage, and end use in turbines through the $1 billion Advanced Clean Energy Storage project in Utah; a 5 MW electrolyzer project planned in Washington State; first-of-a -kind nuclear-to-hydrogen projects in multiple states; a 20 MW electrolyzer plant to produce hydrogen from solar power in Florida; and the first GW-scale factory for electrolyzers announced in New York, with a 120 MW electrolyzer soon to be installed.”

If you can spot the thermal conversion project in that list, drop us a note in the comment thread (hint: there is none).

But What About Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles?

Yes, what about them? Hydrogen Shot is not taking aim at the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car and SUV markets, though Toyota and a small but growing list of automakers have been pitching the idea (for the record, the growing list includes Hyundai, Jaguar Land Rover, and most recently, BMW).

Instead, Hydrogen Shot is focusing on long haul trucks and other heavy applications. That could include locomotives as well as hydrogen aircraft and hydrogen watercraft.

Green hydrogen has already been incorporated into much of the planning for transportation applications, so it’s no surprise that green hydrogen producers are already jockeying to compete for business.

In the latest development on that score, the firm SGH2 Energy is pitching a “greener than green” hydrogen product that draws from biomass and other bio-based waste. The company claims that its green H2 displaces more carbon than both electrolysis-based process as well as thermal conversion, so hold on to your hats.

Follow me on Twitter @TinaMCasey.

Image: Hydrogen production from various sources courtesy of US Department of Energy.


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Rivian CEO says plenty room for Scout and Rivian to coexist after partnership

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Rivian CEO says plenty room for Scout and Rivian to coexist after partnership

Rivian and VW have recently opened a partnership, despite the brands have very similar upcoming electric adventure vehicles with the Rivian R2 and VW Scout. But at a roundtable discussion with Rivian’s CEO RJ Scaringe, he said there’s more than enough room for the brands to coexist with each other.

Recent news about Rivian and VW’s software partnership, with VW investing over $5 billion into Rivian and forming a joint venture to adopt Rivian’s zonal architecture for the underpinnings of VW’s vehicle communications, has led to some interesting questions about how the details of the partnership would work out.

At the top of many people’s minds has been: isn’t it a little weird that the Rivian-like Scout brand will now essentially be competing with itself for the adventure EV market?

The question has been answered before – or perhaps more specifically non-answered – in press conferences around the official opening of the joint venture last week.

Generally, comments ran along the line of Rivian working to bring its software expertise to bear across VW’s brands, though the two companies have been a little shy to confirm whether Scout specifically would use Rivian’s software. After all, Scout is a bit of a spinoff from VW, and seems interested in showing some independence on that front, so it could be possible that they work on their own.

But in comments at a roundtable which Electrek attended today ahead of the LA Auto Show, it certainly seemed that Rivian will be working on Scout vehicles. Scaringe said that “we’re going to be supporting their full portfolio of brands – Porsche, Audi, Volkswagen, Scout.”

However, more importantly, Scaringe said that he’s “amused” by the focus that many have had on Scout, or those who consider it a potential threat to Rivian.

Scaringe estimates that there are “less than five” compelling EVs available for under $50k in the market today – and that’s perhaps being charitable. Meanwhile, if you go over to the gas world, there are gobs of choices out there for consumers, and yet they all manage to coexist without issue.

So Rivian has worked hard to distinguish itself from Tesla, for example, and thinks that even if Scout is inspired by Rivian, there’s still room for similar vehicles to coexist.

After all, there are many competing vehicles in many categories – some of which do indeed share underpinnings from separate companies. Just in the EV space, the Kia EV6 and Hyundai Ioniq 5 share a platform, and the Subaru Solterra and Toyota bZ4X are basically identical vehicles. So there has been plenty of history of companies working together to come out with similar or near-identical (rebadged) cars.

That’s not the case here, as Scout and Rivian will be very different in terms of platform and manufacturing. But sharing software shouldn’t be much of an issue – and even if we assume that Scout could cannibalize a segment of the market that Rivian otherwise had a good hold on, Rivian can still benefit from the partnership regardlessl.

Rivian’s main focus in recent years has been getting costs down. The story is that Rivian began scaling production in an extremely difficult time – trying to organize supply contracts at the historical peak of the auto industry (~2018), trying to start a manufacturing program during a global pandemic (2020/2021), and having little clout available to get on the better side of those contracts.

Now, Scaringe said, the situation is better: not only can Rivian show that it has a dominant position in its class – selling more premium SUVs than other EV and even gas brands – but it can also tout that it has support from one of the most established auto manufacturers in the world, Volkswagen. If VW – the second-largest automaker in the world – has enough faith in Rivian to invest $5.8 billion, then surely a supplier can trust that Rivian will stick around long enough to buy more than one set of parts.

Not only that, but the companies could potentially leverage their combined size for larger supply contracts. Say a certain microcontroller is needed for vehicle architecture across Rivian and also VW’s brands, then perhaps the joint venture could recognize much larger economies of scale.

The question also came up over whether Rivian might try to see if VW’s global sales network could help them to sell Rivians, but Scaringe shut that down, saying there is “no interest” in doing so. Rivian would rather stick to its plans of setting up its own stores and doing direct sales.


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Hyundai debuts Ioniq 9 with swivel seats to turn your 3-row SUV into a lounge

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Hyundai debuts Ioniq 9 with swivel seats to turn your 3-row SUV into a lounge

Hyundai has officially debuted its Ioniq 9 in advance of the LA Auto Show, with a concept car-like interior that lets you swivel the 2nd row seats and turn your car into a living room.

We’ve been hearing about the Ioniq 9 for some time now, and the time has finally come for its release.

In an event in advance of the LA Auto Show, starting this Friday and with a media preview day tomorrow (which Electrek will be in attendance for), Hyundai showed off the Ioniq 9 which will officially be unveiled at the Auto Show (you can watch via livestream) on the morning of Nov 21st.

The car is what we expected – a large, 3-row SUV, much like the EV9, the Ioniq 9’s cousin that is built on the same platform by Hyundai’s sister company, Kia.

But it also has some features we didn’t expect – like a little more clarity on that “lounge-like” interior we heard about, which turns out not to just be marketing fluff at all. It actually is like a lounge, complete with la-z-boy style footrests and swiveling seats so you can face your friends. More on that in a bit.

The Ioniq 9 comes with a perhaps excessively-large 110.3kWh battery (that extra 300Wh makes a big difference), offering up to 335 miles of range on the Long-Range RWD model with 19-inch wheels. 20- and 21-inch wheels are also available, we imagine with lower ranges.

The large battery will retain the E-GMP platform’s excellent DC charging performance, with the ability to charge from 10-80% in 24 minutes, assuming you’re connected to a capable charger (Hyundai says 350kW “under optimal conditions”).

The Long-Range model will have a 160kW (215hp) rear motor, and an additional 70kW (94hp) front motor if you get the AWD model. Performance AWD will be available with 160kW motors on both axles.

The long range RWD model will do 0-100km/h (0-62mph) in 9.4 seconds, AWD in 6.7 seconds, and Performance AWD in 5.2 seconds (or, if you prefer 0-60, the Performance model can do it in 4.9).

The vehicle is large, as you’d expect out of a 3-row SUV, at 5,060mm (199.2in) long, 1,980mm (78in) wide and 1,790mm (70.5in) high. This is 2 inches longer than its sister car the EV9, and 1 inch less long than the Rivian R1S.

Exterior design keeps some of the design language of the (excellent) Ioniq 5, but larger and more rounded-off. In particular, it keeps some of the dot-matrix/pixel aesthetic of the lights.

I have to say I don’t love the roundedness of it – the design of the Ioniq 5 feels extremely consistent with a lot of straight lines throughout, whereas the rounded hood and extended rear end of the 9 spoil that consistency to some extent (and speaking of the rear… it almost seems a little hearse-like, to me).

Incidentally, with the Ioniq 5 and EV6, one is more boxy and the other is more rounded – and the same thing has happened with the Ioniq 9 and EV9, only in reverse. The Ioniq 9 is more rounded and the EV9 is more boxy. So, once again, these two similar vehicles have differentiated themselves enough that we expect the market will be split, with many customers liking one and disliking the other, meaning little cannibalization between the two.

The interior seems incredibly spacious, though so far we haven’t had a chance to experience it ourselves. Most 3-row SUVs in this size class do have somewhat cramped third rows, so we’re curious if Hyundai has managed to do some sort of magic in that respect.

And in addition to rear and frunk storage (with a frunk capable of holding 88L in RWD and 52L in AWD models), the center console offers a large amount of storage inside (18.2L, split between an upper and lower tray), and can be slid back and forth to allow easier movement between front or rear seats.

And speaking of magic, Hyundai has actually done something new here – an interior with swiveling middle seats, to turn the car into a lounge.

We’ve seen similar interiors on countless concept cars, but understandably they never make it to production. It’s definitely an attention-grabbing feature, but who really uses their vehicles like that?

Well, Hyundai thinks that people will, so it’s offered swiveling 2nd-row seats to allow for this. However, it says that these seats will be available “in selected markets only,” and it has declined to say exactly which markets those are yet. We also imagine this will only apply to the 6-seat configuration, rather than 7-seat.

The seats don’t just swivel though, they also recline and have a leg rest. Hyundai is calling these its “Relaxation Seats,” and the first and second row seats will both be capable of this feat. It says this will be particularly useful for people who want to get comfortable during vehicle charging (though, on an optimal 350kW charger, 24 minutes is hardly much time for a nap).

And that charging will be accomplished via a NACS port – making this, we think, the first non-Tesla vehicle to debut and be sold with only a NACS port at any time in the model’s existence. Other E-GMP vehicles are switching over to NACS, but the Ioniq 5 for example has been out for many years now, so there are lots of CCS Ioniq 5s out there, but that won’t be the case for the Ioniq 9.

Like other E-GMP vehicles, it will be able to discharge the battery via vehicle-to-load (V2L) to power devices, though we didn’t get clarity on how much total output it will have. Other E-GMP cars usually top out around 1.8kW, so enough to run some regular outlets, but not enough to power a house.

The Hyundai Ioniq 9 will be available in Korea and the US in the first half of 2025, and then will come to Europe and other markets later. The US version will be built at Hyundai’s plant in Georgia – another example of a car brought to the US by the domestic sourcing provisions of President Biden’s EV push (and which could be put into Jeopardy if Dumb & Dumber get their way in attempting to kill this boon for US manufacturing).

We don’t have pricing or all tech specs yet, so stay tuned as there’s still more to come.

Also, you can watch the official debut livestream over at Hyundai’s website, starting at 9:10am PST November 21st. And Electrek will be at the LA Auto Show to ask around and see if we can get any lingering questions answered.


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Honda unveils all-solid-state EV battery production line for the first time

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Honda unveils all-solid-state EV battery production line for the first time

Honda has been promising to unlock the power of all-solid-state EV batteries for several years. Today, we are getting our first look at the progress. Honda unveiled a demonstration production line as it continues to advance promising new battery technology.

By 2050, Honda wants all its products and corporate activities to be carbon neutral. Although electric vehicles are essential to this mission, Honda believes improvements are needed.

Since the battery is such a critical component for EVs, the company aims to unlock more driving range at a lower cost with new chemistries.

Honda is developing all-solid-state EV batteries in-house to power up its next-gen vehicles. It’s not “merely trying to establish a lab-level technology,” Honda is eyeing mass production in the coming years.

On Wednesday, Honda unveiled its demonstration production line for all-solid-state EV batteries, giving us our first look at the progress.

The line is located at Honda’s R&D facility in Sakura City, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. Honda will use the demo line as a preface for mass production while determining the basic specifications of the battery cells.

Honda-all-solid-state-EV-batteries
Honda’s new facility where the all-solid-state EV battery demo production line is located (Source: Honda)

Honda is launching EVs with all-solid-state batteries

Honda plans to launch electric models with the new all-solid-state battery tech in the “second half of the 2020s.”

The new demo line replicates the processes required for mass production. It covers around 295,000 ft2 (27,400 m2) and is already equipped with the tools to verify each production process, including weighing and mixing electrode materials, coating, and roll pressing electrode assemblies. The line also supports the formation of cells and the assembly of the module.

After the new facility was completed this spring, all the equipment needed for verification is now in place.

Honda plans to begin production on the new demo line in January 2025. With a highly efficient production process and a wide range of use cases, including automobiles, motorcycles, and aircraft, Honda aims to slash battery costs.

To speed up development, Honda is conducting “speedy research” in two main areas: material specifications and manufacturing methods.

The company plans to start mass producing all-solid-state EV batteries in the second half of the 2020s.

Ahead of its 2050 carbon neutrality target, Honda aims for 100% of global vehicle sales to be EV or FCEV by 2040. Honda believes the new battery tech will be its differentiator.

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