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Elon Musk on Tuesday shared a stunning video on Twitter of Starbase High Bay, the launch site of SpaceX rockets in South Texas, US. Also known as the Boca Chica launch site, the spaceport Starbase was primarily constructed by SpaceX to provide an exclusive launch site to accommodate its launch manifest and meet tight launch windows. However, in 2018, the company announced that Starbase would serve as an exclusive launch site for SpaceX’s next-generation launch vehicle, Starship. On June 15, Musk tweeted a short clip of the site recorded from the top of another building.

The video offered a bird’s eye view of the entire launch site. Musk captioned the night-time video: “From the top of Starbase high bay.”

The site is also likely to be the point from where the Starship will fly humans to Mars.

Soon after Musk’s tweet, reactions poured in. The video has already been viewed by over 3.1 million people and over 8,300 had retweeted it, at the time of writing.

A user by the name @TaraBull808 tweeted she can’t wait to go to the Moon now.

“I’m ready to go to Mars,” wrote @davidgokhshtein.

Here are some more reactions on Twitter:

SpaceX claims that its Starship is the world’s most powerful launch vehicle ever developed, adding that it can carry over 100 metric tonnes to Earth orbit. On May 5 this year, Starship SN15 completed SpaceX’s fifth high-altitude flight test of a Starship prototype from the Boca Chica site. This flight was similar to previous high-altitude flight tests of Starship. SN15 was powered through ascent by three Raptor engines, each shutting down in sequence before the vehicle reaching apogee — approximately 6 mile (10km) in altitude.

“SN15 performed a propellant transition to the internal header tanks, which hold landing propellant, before reorienting itself for re-entry and a controlled aerodynamic descent,” SpaceX stated following the SN15’s successful flight.

SpaceX has previously said that these test flights are about improving our understanding and development of a fully reusable transportation system designed to carry both crew and cargo on long-duration interplanetary flights and help humanity return to the Moon, and travel to Mars and beyond.


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Astronomers reveal new insights into the CIZA0107 galaxy merger

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Astronomers reveal new insights into the CIZA0107 galaxy merger

An international team of astronomers has studied a nearby galaxy cluster merger, offering new insights into the processes of galactic collisions. Observations of CIZA J0107.7+5408, a post-core passage binary cluster merger, were carried out using the Very Large Array (VLA). These findings have shed light on the intricate dynamics of merging galaxy clusters, which are key to understanding phenomena such as cosmic ray acceleration, the properties of dark matter, and the behavior of matter under extreme conditions.

Complex Dynamics of CIZA J0107.7+5408

According to the study published on the preprint server arXiv, CIZA J0107.7+5408 (CIZA0107) is located at a redshift of approximately 0.1 and consists of two subclusters with optical density peaks offset from their X-ray emission peaks. Led by Emma Schwartzmann of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, the research aimed to image the diffuse radio emission in this system, constrain its integrated spectrum, and analyze the spectral index distribution.

The team utilized observations between 240–470 MHz and 2.0–4.0 GHz. The analysis confirmed the disturbed nature of the cluster, which features a merger axis in the northeast-southwest direction. Diffuse radio emission spanning about 1.6 million light-years was detected in each subcluster. Additionally, regions of ultra-steep spectral emission were identified northwest and southeast of the southwestern subcluster’s radio emission peak.

Spectral and Structural Findings

The research highlighted that both subclusters exhibit a spectral index of around -1.3. Ultra-steep spectral slopes of approximately -2.2 and -2.9 were recorded in the northwestern and southeastern regions, respectively. A sharp radio edge associated with the southwestern subcluster was observed at 340 MHz but was absent at 3.0 GHz, where emission extended beyond the X-ray shock front.

The study suggested that CIZA0107 may host a double halo structure or that the observed emission originates from relics projected onto the cluster’s central regions. These findings enhance understanding of galaxy cluster mergers and their role in cosmic evolution

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Frog saunas help save amphibians from deadly chytrid fungus—learn more!

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Frog saunas help save amphibians from deadly chytrid fungus—learn more!

Frogs around the world are being severely impacted by the chytrid fungus, which has led to population declines in over 500 species and the presumed extinction of approximately 90 species. This invasive pathogen is disrupting ecosystems and causing significant biodiversity loss. Innovative methods to combat this threat have emerged, focusing on providing frogs with heated environments to resist infection. This approach, which is both affordable and adaptable, has shown promise in addressing the devastating effects of chytrid on amphibian populations.

Fighting the Fungus with Heat

According to a study published in Nature, chytrid infections intensify in colder months. Researchers have developed “frog saunas,” small heated structures that allow amphibians to elevate their body temperature, helping them fight off the infection. The fungus, unable to survive high temperatures, can be eliminated when frogs spend time in these saunas. In experiments conducted in both controlled and outdoor environments, infected frogs that used these heated enclosures were found to clear the infection significantly faster than those kept in colder conditions.

Natural Immunity and Resistance

As reported by The Conversation, frogs cured through heat treatment developed increased resistance to future chytrid infections. Laboratory trials demonstrated that frogs previously exposed to controlled heating were far less likely to succumb to reinfections. When implemented in outdoor trials, frogs instinctively utilised the saunas to elevate their body temperatures, effectively reducing infection rates and mortality.

Broader Applications of Frog Saunas

The initiative, being deployed at Sydney Olympic Park, focuses on preserving one of the largest populations of green and golden bell frogs. The structures, made with easily sourced materials, offer a practical solution for conservationists and the public alike. Efforts are underway to expand the use of saunas to protect other endangered species.

Conservationists encourage individuals to contribute by building backyard saunas or participating in citizen science projects, which can help track and protect local frog populations. With widespread adoption, this approach may play a crucial role in reducing the chytrid fungus’s impact on global amphibian biodiversity.

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Japan aims for nuclear power boost and renewable energy expansion by 2040

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Japan aims for nuclear power boost and renewable energy expansion by 2040

Japan is set to adopt a new energy strategy aimed at addressing increasing electricity demand while pursuing its decarbonisation goals. A government-backed panel of experts has supported plans to maximise nuclear power and expand renewable energy sources, targeting up to 50% renewable energy by 2040. Nuclear energy is expected to make up 20 percent of the country’s energy supply, reversing earlier phase-out policies following the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster. These measures are being proposed to ensure energy security and meet net-zero emissions targets by 2050.

Key Objectives Outlined in the Draft Policy

As reported in pbs.org, according to the Industry Ministry’s proposed energy policy, renewables will become Japan’s primary power source, with an ambitious goal of reaching 40–50 percent of the energy mix by 2040. At the same time, nuclear energy will be leveraged to provide stable and low-carbon electricity. The plan includes restarting idled reactors that comply with updated safety regulations and building next-generation reactors at decommissioned sites.

To accommodate the rising energy needs of data centers and semiconductor factories, coal usage will be significantly reduced, and investment in advanced solar technologies and portable solutions is being encouraged. However, concerns about the feasibility of these targets have been raised by experts due to the slow progress of reactor restarts and regulatory approvals.

Challenges in Meeting Nuclear Targets

As reported by pbs.org, experts said that restarting all 33 operational reactors in Japan, a requirement to meet the proposed nuclear energy targets, will be a significant challenge. Industry Minister Yoji Muto stated during the panel review that achieving decarbonised energy security is essential for the country’s economic growth. However, critics have pointed out that the draft policy lacks clear timelines for phasing out fossil fuels and heavily depends on successful cost reductions in renewable energy development.

The plan, which will be reviewed by the Cabinet in March after public consultation, represents Japan’s dual approach of relying on nuclear power and renewables to meet its growing energy needs and decarbonisation commitments.

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