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From the Wright brothers’ historic flight in 1903 to the development of supersonic aircraft, the history of aviation has been driven by technology and ambition.

Now, as the 21st century progresses, the sector continues to show its appetite for innovation and radical design.

Last September, for instance, a hydrogen fuel-cell plane capable of carrying passengers took to the skies over England for its maiden flight.

The same month also saw Airbus release details of three hydrogen-fueled concept planes, with the European aerospace giant claiming they could enter service by the year 2035.

More recently, United Airlines announced it had signed a commercial agreement to purchase aircraft from a firm called Boom Supersonic.

In a statement, United said the Overture aircraft — which is yet to be built — was set to be “optimized to run on 100% sustainable aviation fuel.”

All of the above are linked by a focus on technologies designed to reduce aviation’s environmental footprint. This represents a major task, even if the number of flights last year slumped due to the coronavirus pandemic.

According to the International Energy Agency, carbon dioxide emissions from aviation “have risen rapidly over the past two decades,” hitting almost 1 gigatonne in 2019. This, it notes, equates to “about 2.8% of global CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion.”

Elsewhere, the World Wildlife Fund describes aviation as “one of the fastest-growing sources of the greenhouse gas emissions driving global climate change.” It adds that air travel is “currently the most carbon intensive activity an individual can make.”

A variety of solutions

Iain Gray is director of aerospace at the U.K.’s Cranfield University. In a phone interview with CNBC, he described zero carbon as “the top priority” for the industry and sought to emphasize the importance of developing a range of solutions to tackle the challenge.

“The really big technology driver is around the propulsion system,” he explained, “but that doesn’t take away from the importance of new technologies around … new lightweight materials, enhanced carbon composite materials, and the systems itself.”

Expanding on his point, Gray provided an example of why the innovations on planes flying above our heads should not be viewed in isolation. 

“There’s a lot of effort goes into reducing the weight on an aeroplane for it only to spend half an hour circling an airport,” he said.

“So the whole interaction of air traffic management with the aircraft itself is a … very important development and new technologies on airspace management are emerging all the time.”

The power of propulsion

Alongside the development of hydrogen fuel-cell planes there’s also been a lot of discussion around electric propulsion in recent years, with firms such as Volocopter and Lilium developing eVTOL, or electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft.

The key with technologies such as these is the types of journeys to which they can be applied.

“If you look at hydrogen fuel cells and you look at batteries, that really is very much aimed at the smaller aircraft, that’s the sub 1,000 kilometer range,” Cranfield’s Iain Gray said.

“You have to do that in a zero carbon way, there’s no question,” he added. “Is that going to make a big difference to the overall CO2 contributions that aviation makes? No.”

“We need to focus on the longer range flights, flights greater than 1,000 kilometers, flights greater than 3,000 kilometers in particular.”

Fueling change

This focus on long-haul trips will be important in the years ahead, even though they make up a small proportion of flights.  

According to a sustainability briefing from Eurocontrol published earlier this year, “some 6% of flights from European airports were long-haul” in 2020, measuring over 4,000 kilometers (around 2,485 miles) in length.

The intergovernmental organization went on to state that “more than half of European aviation’s CO2 emissions were from this tiny proportion of the overall number of flights.”

This viewpoint was echoed by Jo Dardenne, aviation manager at Transport & Environment, a campaign group headquartered in Brussels.

“We shouldn’t forget that the biggest chunk of aviation emissions are linked to long haul flights because you fly longer, you fly higher,” she told CNBC.

“So all in all you’re producing more CO2 … those long haul flights can only be decarbonized by replacing the kerosene that they’re using.”

It’s on these longer journeys that sustainable aviation fuel could have a significant role to play in the future.

Although the European Union Aviation Safety Agency says there’s “not a single internationally agreed definition” of sustainable aviation fuel, the overarching idea is that it can be used to reduce an aircraft’s emissions.

For its part, Airbus describes SAF as being “made from renewable raw material.” It adds that the most common feedstocks are based on crops or used cooking oil and animal fat.

“Currently, the big challenges of sustainable aviation fuel are producing it in the right volumes that are required, and at the right cost point,” Cranfield’s Gray said.

The provenance of feedstocks used for SAF is also important, he explained. “If what you’re doing … to produce sustainable aviation fuel is transporting fuel right across the world using feedstocks from the other side of the planet, then is it really sustainable?”

“The big effort at the moment is looking at how you can produce sustainable aviation fuels in a …  green way.” This could be fuel from waste or local resources, Gray added.

One type of fuel generating interest is e-kerosene, which also goes by the name of synthetic kerosene. According to a briefing from T&E published in February, e-kerosene is produced by combining carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

“What’s great about it is that it can be dropped into these jets without any modification of the engine and of the technology of the plane,” Dardenne said.  

“It’s a carbon neutral fuel, it’s something that can be easily dropped in,” she added. “The only problem is that it’s very expensive.”

Driving cost down will indeed be key in the years ahead, but organizations like T&E are keen to emphasize the potential environmental benefits of using it.

If the CO2 is “captured from the atmosphere” and hydrogen produced using renewables, T&E says “the combustion of e-kerosene will, apart from some residual emissions, be close to CO2 neutral.”

The future

While technology may be developing, the world also needs to come up with rules and regulations focused on the environmental footprint of air travel. 

Examples of these efforts include the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation and the European Union including carbon dioxide emissions from aviation in its emissions trading system since the year 2012.

In her interview with CNBC, T&E’s Dardenne stressed the importance of “proper regulation.”

She said: “If you price emissions and pollution effectively, then mandate the use of clean technologies, you send the right signals to investors, private and public, to invest in them.” 

“The clearer the regulatory framework the more certainty you can provide to the market that these technologies will have a future,” she added.

“And that will actually bring added value, financial added value, as well as environmental added value.”

Looking at the bigger picture, she went on to state that “proper regulation” would come via effective carbon pricing and fuel mandates, describing the latter as an obligation to use clean fuels. These were, she argued, “the cornerstone of effective aviation decarbonization strategy.”

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Lucid is about to drop a ‘bold’ new Gravity EV concept this week

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Lucid is about to drop a 'bold' new Gravity EV concept this week

Lucid is teasing what it calls a “bold new concept of electric exploration” ahead of its debut on Thursday. What exactly does that mean?

What bold new EV is Lucid revealing?

After launching the Gravity in late 2024, Lucid now offers two of the most efficient and luxurious electric vehicles on the market.

The Lucid Air was the best-selling electric luxury sedan in the US in the first half of the year. After overcoming a few hiccups, production is expected to “significantly increase” in the second half of the year.

Meanwhile, Lucid is hinting at another new EV model after teasing what it calls “a bold new concept of electric exploration” on social media.

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Although the details are still pretty slim, you can see a few interesting features in the teaser. One of the biggest giveaways is what appears to be a roof-mounted light. As an exploration EV, this will likely be one of the few added upgrades. It will also feature rugged, blacked-out wheels and other off-road elements.

Given what we know so far, all signs point to an off-road Gravity variant. Lucid could be preparing its version of the souped-up Rivian “California Dune Edition” trims for the R1S and R1T.

Update 08/12/26: Lucid confirmed the new EV is, in fact, a new Gravity concept model. The new model will be shown for the first time on the Concept Lawn at Monterey Car Week.

Lucid-Gravity-SUV
Lucid Gravity (Source: Lucid)

You can visit Lucid’s booth to check out the Gravity for yourself. Lucid will be offering Air and Gravity test drives from 10 am to 6 pm on Thursday, and 9 am to 6 pm on Friday and Saturday. You can pre-register at lucidmotors.com/experiences to schedule one in advance.

The special edition Dune models feature Rivian’s Tri-Motor powertrain and added off-road upgrades like a unique sand-color paint, 20″ All-Terrain wheels, and reinforced underbody shields. The R1T electric pickup also gets an added powered tonneau cover.

Lucid-new-EV-concept
Lucid Gravity Grand Touring in Aurora Green (Source: Lucid)

The only other Lucid Gravity model due out is the lower-priced Touring. It’s set to arrive later this year, starting at $79,900. However, with the upgrades, it’s unlikely to be the new EV concept Lucid will unveil later this week.

For now, the Lucid Gravity Grand Touring is available starting at $94,900 with an impressive range of up to 450 miles. Lucid also sells a limited number of Dream Edition models, boasting over 1,000 horsepower.

Could it be the midsize EV that’s scheduled to launch in the second half of 2026? Again, it won’t be that. We will have to wait until Thursday to learn more about the new Gravity EV concept when Lucid reveals it at Monterey Car Week on August 14. Check back later this week for the unveiling.

What other features and design elements do you think the new Gravity will include? Drop us a comment below and let us know your thoughts.

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Two people, one scooter: JackRabbit unveils ‘Micro Hauler’ line of two-seater rides

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Two people, one scooter: JackRabbit unveils 'Micro Hauler' line of two-seater rides

JackRabbit, the San Diego-based micromobility company that made its name on tiny, featherweight, pedal-free “micro e-bikes”, is taking a big swing with something entirely new. Today the company announced is new line of “Micro Hauler” rides. Think of it as a portable, modular, utility-focused small EV that can haul people, gear, and a surprising amount of ambition without the bulk of a full-size e-bike or the limitations of a scooter.

We saw this coming from a fairly revealing teaser last week, and it looks like JackRabbit delivered on the promise of a small-format two-seater. But in a surprise reveal, today’s launch actually features two different models that are built on JackRabbit’s new MG platform. In addition to the two-seater, known as the MG Doble, there’s also a cargo and off-road focused single-seater known as the MG Renegade.

The MG Doble and the MG Renegade are each aimed at riders who want small but mighty electric machines that can go places bigger e-bikes can’t, and can actually fit in the back of a hatchback, RV, or even a boat locker.

JackRabbit CEO Jason Kenagy says the Micro Hauler idea came from a desire to build something more versatile than a bike but still light enough to lift with one hand.

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“People don’t need or want just another clunky bike,” Kenagy explained. “They need a smarter way to get around. Something powerful and modular yet lightweight, low maintenance and easy to ride.”

The models follow a similar ethos to JackRabbit’s famous little self-styled “micro e-bikes”, even if they’re technically more of a scooter format due to the lack of pedals.

But with most major components borrowed from the bicycle world, including the wheels, handlebars, and saddles, JackRabbits have always snuck their way into the bike end of the micromobility spectrum.

Meet the MG Doble and MG Renegade

The MG Doble is JackRabbit’s two-up version, built for carrying a passenger without feeling like you’re piloting a heavy motorcycle. It packs a cargo-tuned 749W motor into a 52 lb (23.5 kg) package, folds flat for storage, and has “over 10 accessory attachment points” for racks, bags, or whatever mission you’ve got planned.

While 52 pounds might not sound lightweight, especially compared to the smallest JackRabbit’s 25 lb weight, consider that most moped-style e-bikes, which commonly feature bench seats and passenger foot pegs for two-up riding, typically weigh closer to 100 pounds.

The MG Renegade is the more rugged, solo-focused sibling. It offers a bigger-frame, off-road-ready tires, and still weighs in at a relatively light 44 lb (20 kg). Designed for “big dudes everywhere,” as JackRabbit puts it, it’s built to handle heavy payloads, climb steep hills, and bounce down trails without feeling like a workout just to load it in your car. If you’re looking for real numbers, the weight capacity includes big dudes up to 325 lb (147 kg)… or smaller dudes and dudettes plus enough cargo to hit that limit.

Both models share a mullet-style wheel setup – larger 24×2.8″ tire up front for rolling over bumps, smaller 20×2.8″ tire in the back for easy mounting – along with hydraulic brakes, a bright color display, a top speed of 20 mph or 24 mph in Off-Road Mode (32 or 38 km/h), and up to 48 miles (77 km) of real-world range. Like all JackRabbits, they skip the pedals and chain entirely, going for a clean, modular frame that’s compatible with dozens of accessories built just for the JackRabbits (and plenty that fit other bikes, too).

What is a “Micro Hauler”?

JackRabbit admits that these aren’t e-bikes in the traditional sense, and also says that they’re definitely not scooters. According to the company, they’d rather think of them as small electric utility vehicles – light enough to toss in a trunk, capable enough to replace a car for short trips, and adaptable enough to haul groceries, camping gear, or even tow a trailer. Considering I towed a fully loaded kayak with a smaller JackRabbit KG Pro, I believe it.

It seems like whether you’re commuting, campus-hopping, or just grabbing tacos with a friend, the idea is to make the trip more fun and less of a hassle. And that definitely fits with the original goal of JackRabbit, which started as an alternative type of vehicle for college students to better navigate campuses and urban areas, while still being small enough to stash in an apartment or under a dorm bed.

Both the MG Doble and MG Renegade are available starting today for $2,499.99 in a never before seen silver colorway (though more colors apparently coming soon) through JackRabbit’s website and select retailers.

Electrek’s Take

JackRabbit has always had a knack for making tiny EVs that punch way above their weight class, and the MG Platform looks like a natural evolution. By going after utility without abandoning portability, they’re targeting a gap in the market that most brands ignore – somewhere between a heavy cargo e-bike and a scooter that can’t carry your stuff. In this case, you get the power and the cargo/passenger capability, but in a portable package.

If the MG Doble can really carry two people comfortably while still folding flat, and the Renegade can back up its “big dude” claim without losing its lightweight edge, JackRabbit might have just carved itself a whole new micromobility niche.

Of course, the downside is the price, since you can of course find cheaper two-seaters or cargo e-bikes than $2,500 bucks. But then you’re back to big, heavy e-bikes that can’t fit easily in the back of a car or behind a couch. You pay a premium for JackRabbit, but you get something unique that no other company has. And I for one definitely respect their innovation and uniqueness, especially now more than ever, as we continue to see cookie-cutter OEM e-bikes roll out with a different sticker on them each week.

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Ford’s Universal EV Platform event left key unanswered questions, but the optimism was palpable

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Ford's Universal EV Platform event left key unanswered questions, but the optimism was palpable

Yesterday I made the trip to Ford’s Louisville Assembly Plant for its Universal EV Platform event. This plant, which opened in 1955, is currently configured to produce the Ford Escape and its cousin, the Lincoln Corsair. According to Ford, it’s scheduled to undergo dramatic changes in the near future.

The event had a distinctly blue-collar feel to it, with Ford executives making the announcement on a stage constructed in the middle of the plant, surrounded by hardworking hourly workers, media, local celebrities, and politicians. Ford President and CEO, Jim Farley – along with everyone else in attendance – braved the exceedingly warm conditions on the plant floor. There, he announced a radical new Universal EV Platform that would pave the way for electric vehicles that are estimated to start around $30,000.

“In our careers as automobile people, we’re lucky if we get to work on one, maybe two projects to really change the face of our industry, and I believe today is going to light the match as one of those projects for all of us here.”

Ford President and CEO JIM FARLEY

While it may have publicly marked the beginning of Ford’s so-called “Model T moment,” we learned that the program began several years earlier at an undisclosed location three time zones away. Ford’s California-based skunkworks team was tasked with the lofty goal of genuinely moving the company beyond its internal combustion roots, and was given the liberty and resources to do so uninhibited. Granted, Ford already produces EVs – the F-150 Lighting and the Mustang Mach-E to name two, but its new platform benefits from a conspicuous lack of corporate red tape, legacy weight, old-world thinking, and protectionism.

As far as an actual vehicle goes, those results are still to be determined. We didn’t get to see any new vehicle, although Ford did tease us with on-camera reactions from a handful of employees who got a brief in-person glimpse of its upcoming new truck.

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We also did not learn about crucial elements like range, battery size, efficiency, or charging speed. Those who were banking on learning those details may have come away disappointed, but that’s not how I felt when the event was over given the atmosphere. There was a palpable buzz in the air once the event concluded, with media bum-rushing Ford CEO Jim Farley, who had nary the chance to wipe the sweat from his brow before being peppered with questions.

Ford CEO Jim Farley after the event

In the meantime, Ford used yesterday’s event to lay down the foundation of what’s to come. It came across as confident, but self-aware, acknowledging the high stakes involved.

Regardless of whether its bets pay off, I think we’ll look back at this event as a pivotal moment for the Detroit giant. The outcome will largely depend on how well leadership guides the company. It’s one thing to be nimble when you’re an actual startup, but it’s a whole other thing to adopt the mindset of a nimble startup when you’re a behemoth with a litany of moving parts and partners.

One thing is for certain – and it’s clear that Ford realizes this – its entire workforce needs to be fully on board for such a massive transition. This initiative isn’t a mere retooling of a plant to introduce a slightly redesigned version of a vehicle it already makes. This is a mountain-moving top-to-bottom redesign, not only for the final product, but for the way that final product is made.

“The automotive industry in America is at a cross roads … We saw this coming for years, we knew that the Chinese would be the major player for us globally, companies like BYD … they’re all coming for us legacy automotive companies.

Ford President and CEO JIM FARLEY

Ford executives were keen on acknowledging its workforce and how crucial they are to its success. The event, although big for the company as a whole, had a decidedly local feel. In Kentucky, basketball is king, so who else better to help usher in a new era than the athletic directors for the two biggest universities in the state, the Josh Heird for the University of Louisville, and the Mitch Barnhart for the University of Kentucky?

Louisville’s men’s basketball coach, Pat Kelsey, known for his energy, played hype man. Referring to Henry Ford’s famous “Any color the customer wants, as long as it’s black,” he even got in a dig about the UK-blue-painted Model T parked over his right shoulder.

Kentucky Governor Andy Beshear and First Lady Britainy Beshear were also in attendance, with the 63rd governor of the Bluegrass State taking the stage to tout how many billions of dollars that Ford has invested in the area.

Kentucky Governor Andy Beshear

Ford Universal Electric Platform

“We’ve been waiting three years for this moment,” noted Farley, straining to contain his excitement, while invoking his best Steve Jobs impression. “In our careers as automobile people, we’re lucky if we get to work on one, maybe two projects to really change the face of our industry, and I believe today is going to light the match as one of those projects for all of us here.”

The first vehicle underpinned by the new platform will be a mid-sized truck built at the same, albeit highly transformed, and 52,000 square feet larger, Louisville Assembly Plant. Ford plans to roll the first models of the yet-to-be-named mid-sized pickup off the redesigned assembly line in 2027.

“We finally get to tell what we’ve been working on for three years behind closed doors. We call this the Ford Universal Electric Vehicle Platform. It represents the most radical change on how we design and how we build vehicles at Ford since the Model T.”

Noted Farley, “The automotive industry in America is at a crossroads… We saw this coming for years, we knew that the Chinese would be the major player for us globally, companies like BYD … they’re all coming for us legacy automotive companies. We needed a radical approach … to create an affordable vehicle that delights customers in every way that matters.”

Ford notes that the platform is founded on relentless efficiency, radical simplification, and flexibility. A vehicle assembled in a reimagined factory with bold design, more space, endless configurability, and an entirely new digital experience.

The Ford Universal EV Production System

Although Ford didn’t come up with the idea of the movable assembly line, the company is credited with improving and innovating the techniques over 100 years ago at its Highland Park, MI plant. Much of the same principals are still in use today. This production staple, too, will be completely transformed thanks to a new Universal EV Production System.

Instead of a singular movable line, the skunkworks team designed a new “assembly tree” featuring three sub-assemblies that run concurrently, and are thereafter joined together at the end. And in Tesla-like fashion, large single-piece castings will replace numerous smaller parts, enabling each end of the vehicle to be assembled separately. The result is a truck that can be assembled up to 40% faster than today’s Ford Escape.

Ford is also implementing a structural battery design, with a skateboard-esque battery platform with a low center of gravity. Prismatic LiFePO4 batteries will be sourced from within the United States, an industry first, thanks to the BlueOval Battery Park in Michigan.

Ford notes that the new mid-sized truck will feature more interior space than the Toyota RAV4, currently the best-selling vehicle in the United States. “But it will have a frunk,” quipped Farley. “And it will have a whole pickup truck bed behind it. No one has seen this kind of flexibility.”

The most interesting part of the presentation came from Chief EV Digital and Design Officer, Doug Field, who discussed some of the initiative’s high-level technical details.

Chief EV Digital and Design Officer, Doug Field

One of the benefits that was drilled home several times during the presentation was a significant improvement to ergonomics during the assembly process. For an audience consisting of many factory workers, this was met with applause.

Alongside dramatically reducing the amount of parts, electrical wiring, and hoses, the updated production system will reduce the need for workers to twist, bend, and reach, increasing ergonomics, and reducing potential injury and soreness after a day’s work. Say what you will, but Ford knew their audience, and catered well to it.

Electrek’s Take

If it had gone into its electric vehicle production with this plan back in 2019, when the Mach-E was announced, Ford would probably be in a better position today to compete globally. It’s been working on these new initiatives for the past three years, so that means there was roughly a three-year delta between the Mach-E’s announcement and the realization that it needed a dramatically new approach. Will the time lost come back to bite them? Time will tell, but I’m cautiously optimistic.

Sandy Munro with yours truly

As someone born and raised in Louisville, it gives me a unique perspective on the gravity of this announcement. The Louisville Assembly Plant, alongside the Kentucky Truck Plant, roughly a 30-minute drive to the northeast, are both community linchpins. A number of friends of mine who work at the plant have expressed genuine excitement and optimism over the announcements.

Skeptics may lament the fact that key details about the programs remain unanswered, namely key areas like range, charging speed, and efficiency, and that’s a fair critique. But given the dramatic changes set to take place at the Louisville Assembly Plant, it was necessary for Ford to outline these key details beforehand.

The bigger question is whether or not Ford will be able to meet the $30,000 price point given the various economic uncertainties prevalent today. Another key area that younger companies like Tesla and Rivian have going for them is the direct-to-customer model. Will Ford look for ways to innovate in that space as well?

What are your thoughts about yesterday’s announcements? Sound off down below in the comments with your thoughts.

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