ShipBob fulfillment center in Moreno Valley, California
ShipBob
After ShipBob decided last July to let staffers work from anywhere, the logistics start-up had its landlord erect a wall in the middle of its Chicago headquarters so half the space could be rented out to another company.
On March 1, the office reopened at reduced capacity for socially distanced meetings.
But while it’s using less office space, ShipBob’s real estate needs have been expanding at a breakneck pace. The company, which provides fulfillment services to online retailers, has more than doubled its warehouse count since mid-2020 to 24 locations today, including four outside the U.S., with plans to reach 35 by the end of 2021.
The seven-year-old company is a microcosm of the U.S. commercial real estate market. While office vacancies have soared as employers prepare for a post-Covid future of distributed work, the industrial market is hotter than ever because of a pandemic-fueled surge in e-commerce and increased consumer demand to get more products at Amazon-like speeds.
Vacancy rates in industrial buildings are near a record low and new warehouses can’t get built quickly enough to meet the needs of clothing makers, furniture sellers and home appliance manufacturers. Real estate firm CBRE said in its first-quarter report on the industrial and logistics market that almost 100 million square feet of space was absorbed in the period, the third-highest amount ever, and that a record 376 million square feet is under construction.
Rents rose 7.1% in the quarter from the same period a year earlier to an all-time high of $8.44 per square foot, CBRE said. The firm wrote in a follow-up report last month that prices in coastal markets near population centers and inland port hubs are soaring by double-digit percentages. In Northern New Jersey, average base rent for industrial properties jumped 33% in May from a year earlier, and California’s Inland Empire saw an increase of 24%, followed by Philadelphia at 20%.
“The need to have facilities in these markets, coupled with record low vacancy rates, has often led to bidding wars among occupiers that are driving up rental rates,” CBRE said.
The pandemic accelerated everything. Consumers were stuck at home and ordering more stuff, while physical stores had to go digital to stay afloat.
Grocery delivery added to the market tightness, as Instacart and Postmates were suddenly inundated with orders from customers who didn’t want to enter a Costco, Albertsons or Kroger store. Instacart is now planning a network of fulfillment centers loaded up with cereal-picking robots, according to Bloomberg, and Target has bolstered same-day fulfillment through so-called sortation centers.
In addition to the rapid change in consumer behavior, the pandemic also exposed the fragility of the global supply chain. With facilities in China and elsewhere shuttered, stores experienced dramatic shortages of apparel, car parts and packaging materials.
Retailers responded by securing more storage space to mitigate the impact of future shocks, said James Koman, CEO of ElmTree Funds, a private equity firm focused on commercial real estate.
“The reshoring of manufacturing is gaining momentum,” Koman said. Companies are “bringing more products onshore and need to have room for their products so we don’t fall into another situation like we’re in right now.”
All of those factors are contributing to skyrocketing prices, he said. Additionally, construction costs are higher because of inflation and supply constraints, and companies are building more sophisticated facilities, filled with robots.
“You have these automatic forklifts, conveyor belts, and automated storage retrieval systems,” Koman said. “All this is where the world is going.”
Amazon introduces new robots named Bert and Ernie to fulfillment center operations.
Source: Amazon Inc.
Betting on a long-term need for fulfillment and logistics facilities, ElmTree has acquired about $2 billion worth of industrial space over the past seven months, outpacing prior years, Koman said. He estimates the U.S. will need an additional 135-150 million square feet annually to support e-commerce growth.
For ShipBob, the e-commerce boom has played right into its business model. But competition for space is simultaneously forcing the company to reckon with higher costs.
ShipBob works with brands like perfume company Dossier, powdered energy drink maker Juspy and Tom Brady’s sports and fitness brand TB12, providing a wide network of fulfillment centers for fast and reliable shipping and software to manage deliveries and inventory.
Unlike the retail giants, ShipBob doesn’t go after large football field-sized fulfillment centers, and only has leases at a few of its facilities. Rather, it looks for warehouses that are typically family-owned with 75,000-100,000 square feet and some unused capacity. It then outfits them with ShipBob technology and pays based on order volume and the amount of space it uses.
While ShipBob isn’t signing leases, it is competing for space in warehouses that are now sitting on much more valuable property than they were a year ago. ShipBob CEO Dhruv Saxena said that his company has to be in areas like Southern California and Louisville, Kentucky, a major transportation and logistics hub, despite the rapid increase in prices.
“We have to find ways of placing inventory closer to the end customer even if it comes at a lower margin for us,” Saxena said in an interview late last month after his company raised $200 million at a valuation topping $1 billion.
ShipBob competes directly with a number of fulfillment outsourcing start-ups, including ShipMonk, Deliverr and Shippo. Those four companies have raised almost $900 million combined in the past year.
Not just Amazon
Saxena said a major reason smaller retailers turn to ShipBob is to avoid the costs and hassle of finding fulfillment space and hiring the requisite workers. He likened it to companies outsourcing their computing and data storage needs to Amazon Web Services and paying for how much capacity they use rather than leasing their own data centers.
“The same math applies,” Saxena said. “I can open a warehouse, hire people and rig the software or I can convert those fixed costs into variable costs where I pay on a transaction basis.”
ShipBob employees with CEO Dhruv Saxena in middle
ShipBob
Nate Faust is in the very early stages of building Olive, an e-commerce start-up that’s working with brands to offer more sustainable packaging and delivery options by using recycled boxing materials and bundling items.
Olive opened its first two 30,000 square foot warehouses last year, one in New Jersey and the other in Southern California. Faust, who previously co-founded Jet.com and then worked at Walmart after the acquisition, said if he were entering those leases today, they’d easily be 10% to 15% higher.
Olive isn’t actively in the market for more fulfillment centers and doesn’t face a lease renewal until February, but Faust said start-ups have to be opportunistic. He’s working with real estate firm JLL, which he said is constantly on the prowl for attractive space.
“We have them looking all the time because industrial space is so tight right now,” Faust said. “If we find something perfect for what we’re looking for, it’s not unreasonable to have overlapping leases.”
Olive package
Olive
Vik Chawla, a partner at venture firm Fifth Wall, which invests in property technologies, said the challenges in the real estate market are driving more emerging brands and sellers to the outsourcing model.
“It’s very difficult as a single e-commerce business to try to secure attractive space and run your business,” Chawla said. “The line of people trying to get into industrial buildings is out the door.”
Many tenants occupying that line are traditional big third-party logistics providers (3PLs), like C.H. Robinson and XPO Logistics as well as UPS and FedEx. At the top end of the market, Amazon, Walmart and Target are mopping up space to speed distribution and, in Amazon’s case, to manage fulfillment for its massive marketplace of third-party sellers.
Prologis, the largest U.S. owner of industrial real estate, said in a May report that utilization rates, which indicate how much space is being used, reached close to 85%. Vacancy rates are at 4.7%, close to a record low, the company said.
Amazon is the real estate firm’s biggest customer, occupying 22 million square feet, followed by Home Depot at 9 million and then FedEx and UPS, according to Prologis’ latest annual report. Walmart is seventh.
In April, an analyst on Prologis’ earnings call asked what types of clients were most actively pursuing leases.
“E-commerce is a big component of it, but it’s certainly not all about Amazon,” Michael Curless, Prologis’ chief customer officer, said in response. “Certainly, they’re the most active customer. But we’re seeing a lot of activity from the Targets, the Walmarts, Home Depots, and lots of evidence of the Chinese players making their way to the U.S. and Europe as well.”
Bitcoin ATMs are a rapidly growing presence in the United States and, some experts say, a rapidly growing cybercrime menace. ATMs dealing in bitcoin are similar to their cash cousins: there are PINs to punch and withdrawal fees, just like any other ATM.
Unlike cash ATMs, though, the high value of crypto makes them prime targets for hackers. So, while a cash ATM tucked away between the snack cakes and energy drinks at a gas station may not draw much attention, a bitcoin ATM gets more scrutiny from bad actors.
“It’s clear that these machines are particularly vulnerable to both physical and cyber threats, making them a prime target for hackers and thieves,” said Timothy Bates, clinical professor of cybersecurityat the University of Michigan’s College of Innovation and Technology.
Bitcoin ATMs can be susceptible to attacks where hackers install malware on the machines to capture private keys, steal funds, or manipulate transactions, which Bates said is “especially concerning for ATMs that may not receive regular software updates or security patches.” Network vulnerabilities are also a weak spot. “If the machine’s network communications are not adequately secured, attackers can intercept data transfers between the ATM and the server, leading to data theft or unauthorized access,” Bates said.
Whether it’s hackers or scammers, the government is sounding the alarm about bitcoin ATMs. The Federal Trade Commission reported this week that scam incidents have risen by 1,000% since 2020.
Ironically, a bitcoin ATM’s risks are directly related to its strengths, according to Joe Dobson, principal analyst at Mandiant, a Google Cloud-owned cybersecurity company. Bitcoin is decentralized, permission-less, and immutable. “A transaction cannot be reversed or recalled if funds are deposited to the wrong address,” Dobson said. And while many crypto bulls find bitcoin’s lack of governance appealing, that can be problematic in ATMs. “There is no governing body within bitcoin dictating who can or cannot run a bitcoin ATM, hence many independent organizations operate the ATMs,” Dobson said.
There are also old criminal tricks that might be reversible in a traditional banking situation, but in the world of bitcoin, that is not so. For example, someone could maliciously slip their personal deposit slips into the stack at the bank, tricking folks into depositing money into their account. “A similar attack can happen with bitcoin ATMs,” Dobson said. “If an attacker compromises a bitcoin ATM, they may change the receiving wallet address (or ‘account number’), effectively stealing user funds.”
But in addition to old tricks, there are newer threats bitcoin ATMs introduce that cash ATMs do not face. Many bitcoin ATMs require personally identifiable information, such as an ID or even a Social Security number to comply with financial industry Know Your Customer (KYC) requirements. This information could be at risk if a bitcoin ATM is compromised.
In Middletown, Ohio, at the Middletown Food Mart in a hollowed-out end of town, a Bitcoin Depot ATM sits opposite a regular cash ATM, blending in among the potato chips, bottled water, and beer. Middletown’s claim to fame lately is as the hometown of Donald Trump’s running mate Ohio Senator J.D. Vance, who has refashioned himself, similar to Trump, as a pro-cryptocurrency warrior. The Middletown Food Mart sits across the street from where Vance grew up.
‘Elon Musk told me to do it.’
Sai Patel, whose family owns Middletown Food Mart, says the bitcoin ATM isn’t very busy.
“Maybe once a month someone comes in to use it,” Patel said. And if it is someone new, Patel will patiently explain how the machine works. He also keeps an eye out for unusual activity. Although the bitcoin ATM isn’t exactly drawing crowds, Patel says a surprising number of senior citizens show up at the kiosk, alarming given the rise of bitcoin ATM scams targeting seniors.
“Elderly people come in and use it,” Patel said.
He described one encounter where an elderly woman entered his shop and headed for the bitcoin ATM, then attempted to send a lot of money somewhere but had questions about using the machine. When Patel asked the woman a few questions as to why, she said, “Elon Musk told me to do it.” Patel quickly realized she had fallen prey to a scam. “I told her, no, no, no, it’s a scam,” Patel said, and he stopped her from dumping her life savings into the machine.
Alice Frei, head of security and compliance at blockchain communications & consulting agency Outset PR, says bitcoin ATM fraud is costly, enhanced by the sometimes shadowy world of crypto.
“Cryptocurrencies are easily exchanged online, often without clear identification of the parties involved. Criminals exploit this anonymity and move money almost invisibly, often employing techniques such as cross-blockchain ‘bridges’ to further obscure transactions,” she said.
And then there’s the fact that an ATM scam probably doesn’t originate in the town where it occurs. “Many crypto exchanges involved in these activities are based offshore, beyond the reach of regulators, making it difficult to trace and recover stolen funds,” Frei added.
Basic steps to avoid bitcoin ATM scams
To protect against these scams, users should be cautious and skeptical of any request to pay through a bitcoin ATM. Legitimate businesses rarely, if ever, demand payment in bitcoin through a machine.
“Verifying the legitimacy of a transaction, particularly checking the recipient’s wallet for connections to questionable entities is crucial,” Frei said, adding that users should also use licensed ATMs from reputable operators to reduce the risk.
Frei said there are steps that users can take to verify the ownership and legitimacy of a bitcoin ATM or parties involved in transactions.
“You can verify the recipient address by checking for flagged activity on platforms like Chainabuse and running an AML check on the address using available tools,” she said, If these tools show the risk score above 70%, it’s advisable to avoid sending money. “Instead, contact the ATM operator or the person who provided the address to clarify the situation,” Frei added.
According to Frei, data shows that nearly 74% of ATMs globally are managed by just 10 operators.
The largest operator of bitcoin ATMs, Bitcoin Depot, operates over 8,000 ATMs. Its CEO Brandon Mintz says the company’s machines are designed to deter hackers. But he also disputes the claims that bitcoin ATMs are major hacking targets.
“Bitcoin ATMs aren’t typically high-priority targets for cybercriminals due to the separation of the hardware and the bitcoin wallet environments,” Mintz said. Bitcoin Depot does not store any bitcoin locally at a bitcoin ATM, and there are many layers of verification and approval processes that prevent unauthorized access to the Bitcoin Depot wallet, he said.
Additionally, Mintz said, most bitcoin ATMs, including Bitcoin Depot’s, only accept cash, so this removes the ability for criminals to use card skimmers like they can install on traditional cash ATMs. However, he says users do need to be aware of scams, and some of the same basic protocols that protect consumers from old-fashioned financial scams apply to the world of cryptocurrency as well.
“Customers of bitcoin ATMs should never send bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies to unknown digital wallets or individuals they don’t know and trust. It’s important to remain vigilant and skeptical of anyone asking for cryptocurrency payments, especially if the request comes with a sense of urgency or threat,” Mintz said.
As the market leader, Bitcoin Depot has been a target of litigation and the company disclosed in its S-1 filing before going public that its users “have been and could be targeted in cybersecurity incidents like an account takeover.” A South Carolina woman sued Bitcoin Depot after falling victim to an alleged cryptocurrency scam. In another instance, authorities in Texas intervened to return money from a Bitcoin Depot ATM after a woman fell victim to a scam.
And that points to a central irony of bitcoin and the bitcoin ATM, products of technology, but ones where the most powerful weapon against fraud isn’t more technology but responsibility, Dobson said. “User responsibility is paramount in cryptocurrency. There is little recompense if something goes awry. The onus is largely on the user to take steps.”
Zach Kornfeld and Keith Habersberger of the Try Guys
JD RENES
The Try Guys, one of YouTube’s most established creator groups, have successfully abandoned their reliance on Google’s algorithms and advertiser revenue by launching a standalone streaming service called 2nd Try. And it’s already starting to pay off.
Brand partnerships, sponsored content and advertising have long been key revenue channels for creators, but some are turning away from the unpredictable world of algorithm-driven platforms to subscription services for more stable income.
“Having a business that is reliant on ads is very unstable and very unpredictable,” Try Guys co-founder Zach Kornfeld told CNBC in an interview. “There’s just so much that’s out of your control, and we certainly experienced the worst of that. It’s tenuous at best. Corrosive and explosive at worst. And it also forces you creatively to constantly optimize for things that are not always in your audience’s best interest.”
The Try Guys now have over 8 million subscribers and 2.7 billion views on YouTube. They announced in May the launch of their streaming service, 2nd Try, where most of their new videos are behind a paywall and subscribers can access exclusive content for around $5 a month without ads. In the three months since launching 2nd Try, the company says it is on track to reach profitability.
Other creators are trying to recreate the Netflix subscription model, too. Watcher Entertainment and Dropout are two other popular YouTube channels that launched subscription-based streaming services to avoid the volatility of social media algorithms.
Social media platforms rely on algorithms to decide what content users see, based on their past interactions and preferences. The algorithms analyze user behavior to create personalized content feeds, which often prioritize posts that are likely to generate engagement, like likes or shares. As a result, many creators feel pressured to make content that caters to the algorithm, even if they believe it lowers the quality of their work, just to stay visible.
“We are really happy with how it’s going so far. It’s more than we probably thought we’d have at this point,” said co-founder Keith Habersberger. “We have a long road ahead. The goal isn’t to get to this number. The goal is to keep growing and also to keep learning, and we’re going to be making mistakes.”
Subscription platforms like Patreon allow creators to bypass the algorithm entirely, connecting directly with their most loyal fans who are willing to pay for exclusive content.
“It’s just not a reliable source of income for creative people, and so I think over the years, creators have learned that, and they’re seeking something more stable,” said Patreon founder and CEO Jack Coyne in an interview with CNBC.
Try Guys found early success with BuzzFeed before starting their independent creative venture in 2018. However, they faced a career-defining internet scandal in 2022 when one of their co-founders and main talent was caught having an affair with another employee. It damaged brand relationships and the company hemorrhaged money making new YouTube videos.
“Our company was operating at a loss for essentially two years. We got to a point where it cost more money for us to make the shows our audience loved than we got in from YouTube,” said Kornfeld.
Revenue from 2nd Try makes up about 20% of the company’s total sales. The Try Guys will continue posting content on YouTube. The platform’s ad payments remain an important part of its business model. However, Kornfeld and Habersberger emphasize that their main focus is growing 2nd Try to be their biggest income stream, alongside merchandise sales and live touring.
Alex Karp, CEO of Palantir Technologies, speaks at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, Jan. 18, 2023.
Arnd Wiegmann | Reuters
Dell and Palantir both jumped about 7% in extended trading Friday after S&P Global announced that the companies would join the S&P 500 index.
Software maker Palantir will take the place of American Airlines, and Dell is replacing Etsy, according to a statement. Shares of companies added to the benchmark often rally after the announcement because fund managers who track the index regularly update their portfolios to mirror the additions.
For Dell, the announcement marks a return to the benchmark index. The computer and server maker was a constituent from 1996 to 2013, when founder Michael Dell and private equity firm Silver Lake took the company private. Dell went public again in 2018.
Super Micro Computer, which competes with Dell in selling servers for artificial intelligence workloads, joined the S&P 500 earlier this year following a historic rally in the stock that has pushed the company’s market cap past $50 billion. Its value has since been sliced in half.
After operating as a venture-backed startup for more than 15 years, Palantir went public on the New York Stock Exchange in 2020, and in the fourth quarter of 2022, the company started posting profits. In the second quarter, Palantir’s net income totaled $135.6 million, up from $27.9 million in the same period a year earlier. Annual revenue growth has accelerated for four quarters in a row.
Palantir co-founder and CEO Alex Karp has gained a reputation for promoting patriotism in tech, helping the government and military agencies manage their data. He recently told The New York Times that Palantir is engaged in “the finding of hidden things.”
To join the S&P 500, a company must have reported a profit in its latest quarter and have cumulative profit over the four most recent quarters.
“My interest in profitability is for obvious reasons, but it’s also, I think, we’ll just be in a much stronger position as it becomes clear that we qualify for participation in S&P,” Karp told analysts on a conference call in May 2023.
Dell has been profitable almost every quarter since 2019. The stock jumped 90% in 2023, and was up 33% this year before the rebalancing announcement. Growth has been driven by sales of servers containing Nvidia graphics processing units that can handle AI workloads. Dell told investors Aug. 29 that it saw $3.2 billion in AI server demand in the quarter ended Aug. 2, up 23% from the prior quarter.
The additions are a better reflection of U.S. stocks with high market capitalizations, S&P Global said. The median market cap of companies in the index is about $33.5 billion. Palantir has a market cap of over $67 billion, while Dell is valued at over $72 billion.
Shares of another software maker, Workday, were down 2% after hours. In an early Friday email, the Bank of America trading desk named Workday among its top candidates for S&P inclusion, alongside Palantir.
