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Jeff Bezos created history on Tuesday when he successfully travelled to the edge of space and returned in the spacecraft developed by his company, Blue Origin. Over two decades after Bezos established the space company, he was accompanied by a crew of three others in the New Shepard spacecraft on his maiden journey to space. After the flight that lasted roughly 10 minutes, the capsule landed in West Texas at about 8:22 a.m. local time. The spacecraft made its way the Karman line — considered to be the edge of space — at an altitude of 100 kilometres above the Earth.

At the end of the journey, Bezos simply said: “best day ever!” He then added, “My expectations were high and they were dramatically exceeded.”

The billionaire was accompanied on the flight by his 53-year-old brother, Mark Bezos, 82-year-old former pilot Wally Funk, as well as an 18-year-old Oliver Daemen. The crew held the distinction of having the world’s richest, the world’s oldest and the world’s youngest persons to have visited space.

Upon hitting zero gravity, the crew was seen floating within the capsule, celebrating the experience. In awe of what she was witnessing, Funk said, “Oh my word, look at the world!” presumably looking out the window at Earth below. But it was Bezos who had viewers in splits when he was heard asking the crew, “Who wants a Skittle?”

In his first interview upon landing, Bezos said, “I am not talented enough to describe this in words,” adding that it was “beyond” what he dreamt the Earth would look like. At a loss of words to describe the spectacle he had witnessed, Bezos said, “Maybe we need to send a poet up or something. Someone who would be better at describing it.”

Speaking after the flight, Bezos said that he wanted to thank the employees and customers of Amazon, the company he founded. The former Amazon CEO said, “I want to thank every Amazon employee and every Amazon customer because you guys paid for all this. So, to every Amazon customer out there and every Amazon employee thank you from the bottom of my heart.”

When asked to sum up the experience, Bezos exclaimed, “Oh my god!” He also added that the zero-gravity experience felt “normal… so serene and peaceful… a very pleasurable experience.” He said that the most profound part of the experience was watching the Earth and that the “fragility” of the planet surprised him.

On being asked why he was investing such money in space, Bezos said, “What we are doing is building a road to space so future generations can build a future.” The aim was to “slowly over decades, to move all heavy industries and polluting industries to space to keep the planet the gem that it is.”

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Axiom-4 Mission: Know Launch Time and How to Watch It Online

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Axiom-4 Mission: Know Launch Time and How to Watch It Online

Axiom-4 mission (also known as Ax-4), which is carrying four astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS), is finally taking off today. The mission was originally scheduled to take off on June 10, but it was delayed several times due to technical issues. The mission also marks an important moment for India as the Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) Shubhanshu Shukla will become the first Indian to take a spaceflight in the last 40 years. Rakesh Sharma last achieved this feat in 1984. 

Axiom-4 Mission Launch Time and Details

Both NASA and SpaceX have confirmed that the Axiom-4 mission will be launched on Wednesday at 12:01pm IST. The mission is a collaboration between Axiom Space, SpaceX, and NASA, and marks the fourth private astronaut mission to the ISS. The mission will be launched from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida aboard a Falcon 9 rocket and the Dragon capsule.

The Axiom-4 mission is carrying a team of four astronauts. The commander of the mission is Peggy Whitson, Axiom’s Director of Human Spaceflight and a former NASA astronaut. Apart from her, India’s Shubhanshu Shukla, Poland’s Sławosz Uznański, and Hungary’s Tibor Kapu are the other crewmates. While Shukla is the pilot, the other two are mission specialists.

Notably, Shukla, Uznański, and Kapu are the first individuals from their respective countries to launch on a mission to the ISS. The docking is expected to take place on Thursday, June 26, at 4:30pm IST.

The crewmates will spend approximately two weeks on the space station. During this time, they will live and work on the orbiting lab and conduct 60 different scientific experiments. These experiments will be around human physiology, Earth observation, biology, and materials science.

Axiom-4 Launch: How to Watch Live Stream

Those interested in watching this historic moment live can do so via NASA and Axiom’s YouTube channels (here and here), or on SpaceX’s X (formerly known as Twitter) account. The webcast is currently live. The same channels will also live stream the docking process tomorrow.

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Axiom Mission 4 Faces Delay Again; NASA Reschedules Launch for June 25

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Axiom Mission 4 Faces Delay Again; NASA Reschedules Launch for June 25

NASA, the US Space agency, have just announced the delay of the Axiom Mission 4 because of operational issues and concerns. It was scheduled to be launched on June 22, 2025; however, there is a delay again. SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon are at the launchpad stage at Kennedy Space Centre in Florida. This mission is going to be India, Poland and Hungary’s first government-sponsored flight in 40 years and also the second human flight of the three countries in the past.

Crew Members

As per ISRO, Peggy Whitson, Pilot Shubhanshu Shukla, and Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski and Tibor Kamu, the mission specialists and crew of the Commander, are set to be in quarantine in Florida, where the launch date is finalised. The crew will spend up to 14 days on the International Space Station and perform scientific experiments.

Mission Delays

This mission is going to be the first time for India in 40 years that an Indian is going to space after Rakesh Sharma. Shubhanshu Shukla is going to be the first man to step onto the ISS. There have been seven delays till now. The first launch was scheduled on May 29, but was delayed to June 8 because of the electrical harness observations. This date was later transferred to June 9. Then there occurred a delay due to weather till June 10.

After June 10, the delay occurred till June 11 because of the oxygen leak in the engine, which was anticipated by ISRO. This date again got delayed because NASA announced work with the Russian Space Agency and was evaluating a new pressure signature. The launch was scheduled on June 19, where the discussion regarding weather and health of the crew took place, and the date was again shifted to June 22.

Final Date

NASA has found a new and final date for the launch of the Axiom 4 mission. All three nations are excited, and the new date of launch is expected to arrive on June 25, 2025, at 12:01 PM IST as per a post announced on X by ISS.

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‘Ghost’ Plume Found Beneath Oman May Explain India’s Ancient Tectonic Shift

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‘Ghost’ Plume Found Beneath Oman May Explain India’s Ancient Tectonic Shift

A long-hidden plume of magma beneath Oman’s Salma Plateau may have played a surprising role in shaping the Indian subcontinent’s ancient journey, researchers report. This “ghost” plume — hot material trapped beneath Earth’s thick crust — cannot erupt but may have shifted the Indian tectonic plate’s course during its dramatic collision with Eurasia tens of millions of years ago. First detailed in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters, the finding reveals a new class of deep mantle plumes that shape continents silently, without the typical signature of surface volcanoes.

Hidden ‘Ghost’ Plume Beneath Oman May Have Steered India’s Collision Path with Eurasia

As per a Live Science report, the plume was detected using seismic data from Oman’s dense sensor network. Under the leadership of geophysicist Simone Pilia, the group discovered that the plume altered the way sound waves moved through Earth’s layers, which in turn pointed to its presence. Unlike most mantle plumes, which rise and erupt through the oceanic plates, Dani is amagmatic and does not create surface eruptions because of the thick continental crust above the plume. This finding means that there may potentially be many hidden plumes lurking beneath continents.

The Dani plume is the first such non-eruptive plume beneath a continental plate, which is broadening scientists’ view of how mantle dynamics unfold out of sight. The researchers also calculated the movement of the Indian plate and found that it took a significant turn between 40 and 25 million years ago, which might have been affected by the shear stress created by the plume. The plume’s effects on topography are expected to be small regionally, but its geological role could be relatively large.

While plumes typically leave a visible volcanic trail—like Hawaii’s island chain—the Dani plume’s evidence may have been erased by subduction activity in the nearby Makran zone. Still, researchers say this finding opens the door to discovering more “ghost” plumes, particularly in regions with similar thick crusts, such as Africa. As seismic technologies advance, more silent subterranean forces shaping Earth’s history may come to light.

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