Environment

Are electric cars ‘green’? The answer is yes, but it’s complicated

Published

4 years ago

July 26, 2021

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An electric vehicle charging point in Stoke-on-Trent, England.

Nathan Stirk | Getty Images News | Getty Images

The number of electric vehicles on the world’s roads is surging, hitting a record number last year.

That would seem to be good news, as the world tries to wean itself off fossil fuels that are wrecking the global climate. But as electric cars become more popular, some question just how environmentally friendly they are.

The batteries in electric vehicles, for example, charge on power that is coming straight off the electric grid — which is itself often powered by fossil fuels. And there are questions about how energy-intensive it is to build an EV or an EV battery, versus building a comparable traditional vehicle.

Are electric vehicles greener?

The short answer is yes — but their full green potential is still many years away.

Experts broadly agree that electric vehicles create a lower carbon footprint over the course of their lifetime than do cars and trucks that use traditional, internal combustion engines.

Last year, researchers from the universities of Cambridge, Exeter and Nijmegen in The Netherlands found that in 95% of the world, driving an electric car is better for the environment than driving a gasoline-powered car.

Electricity grids in most of the world are still powered by fossil fuels such as coal or oil, and EVs depend on that energy to get charged. Separately, EV battery production remains an energy-intensive process.

Producing electric vehicles leads to significantly more emissions than producing petrol cars … which is mostly from the battery production.

Florian Knobloch

Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance

A study from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Energy Initiative found that the battery and fuel production for an EV generates higher emissions than the manufacturing of an automobile. But those higher environmental costs are offset by EVs’ superior energy efficiency over time.

In short, the total emissions per mile for battery-powered cars are lower than comparable cars with internal combustion engines.

“If we are going to take a look at the current situation, in some countries, electric vehicles are better even with the current grid,” Sergey Paltsev, a senior research scientist at the MIT Energy Initiative and one of the study’s authors, told CNBC.

Paltsev explained that the full benefits of EVs will be realized only after the electricity sources become renewable, and it might take several decades for that to happen.

Batteries are the biggest emitter

EVs rely on rechargeable lithium-ion batteries to run. The process of making those batteries — from using mining raw materials like cobalt and lithium, to production in gigafactories and transportation — is energy-intensive, and one of the biggest sources of carbon emissions from EVs today, experts said.

Gigafactories are facilities that produce EV batteries on a large scale.

“Producing electric vehicles leads to significantly more emissions than producing petrol cars. Depending on the country of production, that’s between 30% to 40% extra in production emissions, which is mostly from the battery production,” said Florian Knobloch, a fellow at the Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance.

Those higher production emission numbers are seen as “an initial investment, which pays off rather quickly due to the reduced lifetime emissions.”

China currently dominates battery production, with 93 gigafactories producing lithium-ion battery cells versus only four in the U.S., the Washington Post reported this year.

“I think the battery is the most complicated component in the EV, and has the most complex supply chain,” George Crabtree, director of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, told CNBC, adding that the energy source used in battery production makes a huge difference on the carbon footprint for EVs.

Batteries made in older gigafactories in China are usually powered by fossil fuels, because that was the trend five to 10 years ago, he explained. So, EVs that are built with batteries from existing factories

But that’s changing, he said, as “people have realized that’s a huge carbon footprint.”

Experts pointed to other considerations around battery production.

They include unethical and environmentally unsustainable mining practices, as well as a complex geopolitical nature of the supply chain, where countries do not want to rely on other nations for raw materials like cobalt and lithium, or the finished batteries.

Mining raw materials needed for battery production will likely be the last to get decarbonized, according to Crabtree.

Recycling and decarbonizing the grid

Today, very few of the spent battery cells are recycled.

Experts said that can change over time as raw materials needed for battery production are in limited supply, leaving firms with no choice but to recycle.

McKinsey’s Hannon outlined other reasons for companies to step by their recycling efforts. They include a regulatory environment where producers, by law, would have to deal with spent batteries — and disposing them could be more expensive.

“People who point to a lack of a recycling infrastructure as a problem aren’t recognizing that we don’t need extensive recycling infrastructure yet because the cars are so new, we’re not needing many back,” he said.

Most auto companies are already working to ensure they have significant recycling capacity in place before EVs start reaching the end of life over the next decade, he added.

It’s not silver bullet for climate change mitigation. Ideally, you also try to reduce the number of cars massively, and try to push things such as public transport

Florian Knobloch

Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance

Knobloch from Cambridge University said a lot of research is going into improving battery technology, to make them more environmentally sustainable and less reliant on scarce raw materials. More efforts are also needed in decarbonizing the electricity grid, he added.

“It’s very important that more renewable electricity generation capacity is added to the grid each year, than coal generation capacity,” Knobloch said.

“Nowadays, it’s much easier to build large scale solar or offshore wind compared to building new fossil fuel power plant. What we see is more renewable electricity coming into the grid all over the world.”

Still, he pointed out that generating electricity by using renewable sources will still emit greenhouse gases as there are emissions from producing the solar panels and wind turbines. “What we look at is how long will it take until the electricity grid is sufficiently decarbonized so that you see large benefit from electric vehicles,” Knobloch added.

Policies needed for societal change

Experts agree that a transition from gasoline-powered cars to EVs is not a panacea for the global fight against climate change.

It needs to go hand-in-hand with societal change that promotes greater use of public transportation and alternative modes of travel, including bicycles and walking.

Reducing the use of private vehicles requires plenty of funding and policy planning.

MIT’s Paltsev, who is also deputy director at the university’s joint program on the science and policy of global change, explained that there are currently about 1.2 billion fuel-powered cars on the road globally –that number is expected to increase to between 1.8 billion to 2 billion.

In comparison, there are only about 10 million electric vehicles currently.

People underestimate how many new cars have to be produced and how much materials will be needed to produce those electric vehicles, Paltsev said.

The International Energy Agency predicts that the number of electric cars, buses, vans and heavy trucks on roads is expected to hit 145 million by 2030.

Even if everyone drove EVs instead of gasoline-powered cars, there would still be plenty of emissions from the plug-in vehicles due to their sheer volume, according to Knobloch.

“So, it’s not silver bullet for climate change mitigation. Ideally, you also try to reduce the number of cars massively, and try to push things such as public transport,” he said. “Getting people away from individual car transport is as important.”

Environment

I tried the Strutt EV1 – the autonomous robot-chair that might redefine mobility

Published

1 hour ago

December 5, 2025

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I tried the Strutt EV1 – the autonomous robot-chair that might redefine mobility

I recently attended Strutt’s Demo Day to check out the company’s new EV¹ mobility device, and even if you’ve never paid attention to electric wheelchairs before, you’ll still probably find this interesting.

The EV¹ isn’t really a wheelchair in the traditional sense. It’s closer to an autonomous robot that just happens to take the form of a chair. Imagine a self-driving car fused with a humanoid robot, shrunk down to indoor-outdoor mobility scale. That’s the EV¹. And after having spent some seat time in it, I can tell you that this technology is going to change lives.

This isn’t my normal scene – you’re much more likely to see me testing out wild new e-bikes or powerful electric motorcycles. But I was intrigued by the idea of a new type of electric mobility device that had the potential to change not just the way people get around, but the way they live. And I’m glad I followed that hunch and visited Strutt’s Demo Day.

If you want to experience the demos and live testing yourself, or rather vicariously through me, then check out my video below. It’s a fascinating experience.

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Then keep reading for my complete thoughts.

At its core, the EV¹ is a mobility device that can drive itself and think for itself. But the level of tech onboard goes far beyond basic autonomy. It uses a full suite of sensors – lidar, vision cameras, ultrasonic sensors, and more – to constantly map its environment.

As the engineers explained to us, it’s actually a much trickier problem to solve than a self-driving car like Waymo, since self-driving cars generally stick to the simplified world of car lanes. But a mobility device needs to be able to autonomously navigate everything from a packed shopping mall to a grassy park path to the livingroom – all without accidentally driving itself down the stairs or over the family dog. That means the EV¹ gets an array of overlapping sensors that would make a Tesla jealous.

And despite all that tech, the entire machine breaks down into five major pieces without tools, without unplugging wires, and without any fuss. In about 30 seconds, it’s ready to be lifted into the trunk of a car. Or for those with a vehicle large enough, it can just drive itself up the ramp and park itself in a vehicle all by itself.

It also includes built-in AI navigation. You can literally tell it where you want to go, like asking it to take you into the kitchen to grab a drink, and it will plan the route and drive you to your fridge. That may sound like a demo-party gimmick until you consider how transformative it could be for people who currently have to navigate narrow, cluttered, or inaccessible spaces by carefully inching forward with both hands on a joystick. Hands-free indoor navigation could be a game changer.

You can even tap a location on the live-view map shown on the display and the EV¹ will just start taking you there, completely hands-free. Or you can summon it from another room, for example if you’re sleeping in bed and need the chair to come pick you up in the bedroom. This is autonomous driving on another level.

There’s also a mode called Co-Pilot, which lets the user take control to navigate themselves, but will constantly monitor for obstacles and make corrections if the user is about to hit something. For example, you can drive right through a narrow doorway without worrying about precision steering, since it won’t let you graze the edges of the door frame (and if you’ve ever seen the doorframes in the home of a wheelchair user, you’ll know what a game changer that would be).

Strutt demonstrated this mode by having a user blindfolded while driving through a curved hallway. He was simply pressing forward on the controls, but the EV¹ smoothly followed a curved path on its own instead of letting him run into the wall when it began to curve. I tried it myself, and it’s uncanny how natural it feels.

But the EV¹ isn’t limited to indoor environments. Strutt built in several clever innovations that make it surprisingly capable off pavement. There’s real suspension. The front wheels are actually dual wheels, helping them roll over gaps and rails such as those found in city trolley systems. Those same front wheels aren’t passive casters; they each have their own motors, giving the EV¹ proper power steering instead of relying on tank-turning from the rear wheels. It drives like something purpose-built rather than hacked together. And that allows it to handle terrain and inclines not possible from other devices, such as off-camber turns that would send others sliding sideways down an incline.

During the demo, I asked if I could take the EV¹ outside the fancy exhibition hall to see how it handled the real world. As I approached the door, trying to figure out how to open it while driving through at the same time, one of the Strutt staff told me, “Just ram it.”

I hesitated, worried I’d scratch up their expensive prototype, but he assured me it would be fine. Turns out, it was very fine. Then I remembered the clip in the presentation they shared of the EV¹ towing a Tesla with a tow strap, so I guess the power was never really going to be an issue.

Speed-wise, Strutt had the units limited to 12 km/h (7.5 mph), but even at that speed they feel legitimately fast. Fast enough, in fact, that I switched into manual mode to really get a feel for it.

With a bunch of YouTubers flying around in fancy electric mobility devices, you can imagine that a drag race pretty quickly materialized. I won’t tell you who won, you’ll have to watch the video above to see. But let’s just say that my putting it in manual override mode to remove all the safety features temporarily might have been a dirty trick that gave me an advantage.

All the while, though, I found myself ping-ponging emotionally. On one hand, I’m having a blast riding a futuristic robot-chair hybrid. On the other hand, I’m constantly reminded that for many people, devices like this aren’t toys – they’re essential tools that allow them to navigate a world that wasn’t built for them. Many of the very people who helped Strutt beta test the device during development were there at the presentation, EV¹), it was also a stark reminder that while I’m goofing off racing these things, this is technology meant to help people that need it in order to navigate a world not designed for them.

But maybe those two feelings don’t have to be in conflict. Why shouldn’t a device that empowers people also be enjoyable to use? Why can’t a life-changing device like this bring more than just mobility? Why can’t it actually be… fun? I’ve never looked at a mobility chair and thought it looked like a blast to use. This one genuinely is!

But the last bit here that will be critical, and something we just don’t yet know yet, is what it will cost. Considering traditional powered wheelchairs already run a few thousand dollars for relatively clunky designs, this level of advanced robotics likely won’t come cheap.

Strutt says pricing will be revealed early next year, and has just launched an early reservation program offering 35% off the first 200 units (more info in their Facebook group here). Hopefully the final price ends up within reach for the people who most need it. And like many early-stage technologies, costs will likely come down over time as production scales.

For now, though, the EV¹ represents something new in mobility: a device that’s powerful, capable, intuitive, and – unexpectedly – pretty darn fun.

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Environment

Putin says Russia is willing to supply ‘uninterrupted’ fuel to India, as U.S. pressures New Delhi to cut back

Published

1 hour ago

December 5, 2025

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Putin says Russia is willing to supply 'uninterrupted' fuel to India, as U.S. pressures New Delhi to cut back

Russian President Vladimir Putin is welcomed by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi upon arrival at the Palam Air Base in New Delhi, India December 4, 2025.

Grigory Sysoev | Via Reuters

Russian President Vladimir Putin has underlined Moscow’s willingness to provide “uninterrupted shipments of fuel” to India, as the U.S. pressures New Delhi to give up importing their oil.

Putin made the offer during a joint address with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Friday, part of his first visit to the country since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, which triggered widespread sanctions.

The sanctions forced Russia to seek new customers for its exports. India has become the second biggest buyer of Russian crude oil, after China, with a report Finland-based Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air showing India bought 38% of Russian crude exports in October.

In October, President Donald Trump sanctioned two of Russia’s largest oil companies, Rosneft and Lukoil. This followed a tariff of 25% on India for buying Russian oil in August. But India has to walk a tightrope because it has close ties to the U.S. while also relying on Russia for fuel and access to military hardware.

Putin questioned U.S. pressure on India in an interview to an Indian television channel on Thursday.

The United States still buys nuclear fuel from Russia for its own nuclear power plants, Putin said in the interview, adding: “If the U.S. has the right to buy our fuel, why shouldn’t India have the same privilege?”

While Trump has acknowledged that India has cut back its Russian oil imports, experts told CNBC that this may be a temporary trend.

Russian oil exports to China and India: Kpler expects short-term dip before normalizing

Apart from crude oil, Russia’s Rosatom is also delivering reactors and reportedly fuel for India’s Kudankulam nuclear power plant in Tamil Nadu, which has a combined capacity of 6000MW.

India and Russia have an energy partnership, the Russian president said, adding that Moscow had been is reliable supplier of “oil, gas, coal and everything that is required for the development of India’s energy”.

Last month, India announced a “historic deal” with Washington, in which Indian state-owned oil companies signed a one-year deal to import around 2.2 million tonnes per annum of liquefied petroleum gas from the U.S.

Environment

From $189 a month: 5 of the best EV lease deals in December

Published

12 hours ago

December 5, 2025

admin

From 9 a month: 5 of the best EV lease deals in December

Yes, Virginia, there are still great EV lease deals to be had in December. Hyundai continues to offer EV leases for under $200 a month, and the BMW i4 can be leased for the same price it was when the federal tax credit was still in effect. With 2025 models disappearing fast, this might be your last shot to snag a year-end lease deal on an EV. Check out the standouts below.

Hyundai-discounting-EVs — Hyundai IONIQ 6 (Source: Hyundai)

2025 Hyundai IONIQ 6 lease from $189/month

The 202 5 Hyundai IONIQ 6 remains a fantastic deal: the IONIQ 6 SE Standard Range can be leased from $189 per month for 24 months with a $3,999 due at signing (12,000 miles per year). Its effective cost is just $356, and this month’s IONIQ 6 SE lease includes $13,000 in lease cash that you can’t get elsewhere. The offer is good until January 2.

Our friends at CarsDirect report that the SEL trim is actually a better deal at $239 with $3,999 at signing, with an effective cost of $406. Even though its MSRP is over $7,700 higher than the SE, it’s just $50 more a month to lease. The SE Standard Range has a range of 240 miles, whereas other styles have a range of up to 342.

As usual, offers vary according to location, and this is a regional offer based in California.

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Hyundai-IONIQ-5-lease-deal — Photo: Hyundai

2025 Hyundai IONIQ 5 lease from $189/month

Believe it or not, the 2025 Hyundai IONIQ 5 SE Standard Range RWD, which starts at $44,200, can still be leased through January 2 for $189 a month for 36 months (10,000 miles per year) with $3,999 due at signing. That works out to an effective monthly cost of about $300.

The IONIQ 5 SE RWD Standard Range offers an EPA-estimated 245 miles of range, and this particular offer is available in the Los Angeles and greater California metro areas (I’ve seen it at dealers in Carlsbad and Santa Monica, for example). And if you’re tempted by an upgrade, the SEL RWD trim is just $50 more per month under the same terms.

Click here to find a local dealer that may have the Hyundai IONIQ 5 in stock. –trusted affiliate link

Subaru-EV-plans — 2026 Subaru Solterra EV (Source: Subaru)

2026 Subaru Solterra 5 lease from $299/month

In several regions, the 2026 Subaru Solterra Premium can be leased for $299 per month for 36 months, with a down payment of $2,799 due at signing, resulting in an effective monthly cost of $377. That makes it $95 per month cheaper to lease than a 2026 Toyota bZ, which is $472. (These figures are for California.)

A $500 loyalty discount is available to returning lessees. It doesn’t require a trade-in and can be transferred to household members. If you factor in the loyalty discount, the Solterra’s effective cost drops to $363. The offer ends January 2.

Subaru’s advertised lease prices are based on 10,000 miles a year, but that’s changeable. However, a larger mileage allowance will lower the EV’s residual value, making it more expensive.

Click here to find a local dealer that may have the Subaru Solterra in stock. –trusted affiliate link

2025 Ford Mustang Mach-E from $219/month

The 2025 Ford Mustang Mach-E can still be leased for $219 per month for 24 months with a $4,499 due at signing (10,500 miles per year) until January 5. In this configuration, the Mach-E has a range of up to 300 miles.

This is a regional offer for California, but the great deal isn’t limited to just that state. The example includes a total of $8,750 in lease cash; however, the catch is that if you opt for the lease cash, you have to decline the free home charger with installation or Ford’s $2,000 public charging credit.

Click here to find a local dealer that may have the Ford Mustang Mach-E in stock. –trusted affiliate link

2025 BMW i4 from $399/month

Remarkably, the 2025 BMW i4 is still leasing for the same price as it was when the federal tax credit was still in effect. In many regions, the eDrive40 can be leased for $399 for 36 months with $4,999 due at signing (10,000 miles per year). Its effective cost is just $538 per month, which is impressive when you consider that the i4’s retail price is over $60,000.

The offer, available until January 2, includes a $7,500 lease credit, and a $1,000 loyalty discount is also available for returning lessees. With the loyalty bonus, the i4’s effective monthly cost could be as low as $510.

In this configuration, the i4 has an EPA-estimated range of 318 miles. As before, BMW’s lease includes two years or 1,000 kWh of free charging with Electrify America.

Click here to find a local dealer that may have the BMW i4 in stock. –trusted affiliate link

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