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Growing numbers of children are at risk of being excluded and “falling off the radar” as schools return to normal following the pandemic, experts fear.

Analysis of recent government data shows the problem was worsening before the pandemic but there was a lull while schools were closed because of the virus.

Department of Education figures show that in the autumn term before the first lockdown general exclusions were up 5% and primary school exclusions rose by 20%.

However, evidence suggests this could soon be replaced with a spike in exclusions as children return to school, with problems at home bottled up and likely to prompt bad behaviour.

It comes as the former children’s commissioner launches a new initiative to stop what she calls a “conveyor belt” of vulnerable children falling into the hands of gangs and criminals.

Anne Longfield told Sky News: “We know that COVID has dealt a real blow to those kids – the vulnerabilities that they’ve experienced at home; addiction, domestic violence, have increased and lot of them also aren’t connecting back into school so they are at risk of falling off the radar.”

Anne Longfield
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Anne Longfield is launching a commission to help prevent children from becoming involved in county lines and gangs

Ms Longfield is today launching The Commission on Young Lives which aims to work with other youth groups to design a new national system to prevent children from becoming involved in county lines and gangs.

More on Covid-19

The commission warns that even before COVID hit in March 2020, almost 15,000 children had been referred to social services over gang fears in the previous 12 months – a rise of 4,000 on the previous year.

Those working with vulnerable children are seeing increasingly severe problems – more domestic abuse, greater food poverty, more children struggling with mental health problems, and a resurgence in knife crime that has led to more teenagers turning up at A&E with stab wounds.

Part of tackling the issue will be deciding how to stem the rise in school exclusions.

“Since lockdown ended there have been rises in exclusions in the local authorities we work with,” says Kiran Gill, founder of The Difference – a project that tries to prevent school exclusions through teacher training.

Ms Gill also cites increased instances of domestic violence and worsening mental health problems as aggravating factors.

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Teachers lack bereavement training

She adds: “We need to reverse this trend because only 4% of excluded young people are likely to get a pass in GCSE English and maths and even by the age of 20 young people are unlikely to have the literacy and numeracy needed to access the labour force.

“Therefore it’s no surprise they are much more likely to be involved in the criminal justice system.”

The Difference runs what it calls a Leaders Programme which places teachers from mainstream schools into Pupil Referral Units (PRUs) for excluded children so they can learn how to better understand their problems and keep them in the system.

English teacher Daniel Cain-Reed who joined the programme is now teaching at a PRU run by Haringey’s Learning Partnership in North London.

Daniel Cain-Reed, Assistant Head at Haringey Learning Partnership Pupil Referral Unit member of The Difference Leaders programme, teaching English to excluded children.
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English teacher Daniel Cain-Reed says the unit is much better placed to support students

He told Sky News: “I don’t think I ever felt my mainstream school [was] always best placed to offer those young people and their families the support that they needed, and that is something I have definitely learned.

“I feel a lot more knowledgeable, and when I go back I will help my mainstream colleagues to be more pre-emptive and spot the signs of perhaps trauma – to identify the risks that some people might experience and mitigate that so children can continue to be successful in mainstream schools.”

He added: “I think I have definitely noticed young people being excluded far more at a far younger age as well too, and when it happens at a younger age it’s a real challenge for staff to build that resilience back up.”

At the PRU in Harringay, we met year 10 student Miriam Khadir, 14, who was excluded from two secondary schools for “persistent disruptive behaviour”, although that phrase underplays the complexity of what happened.

In Miriam’s view, her teachers never explored the root causes of her problems.

Year 10 student Miriam Khadir was excluded from two secondary schools
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14-year-old Miriam Khadir was excluded from two secondary schools

She said: “If you are you are happy to explain anything that’s wrong at home to your school it makes life easier.

“Let’s say something happens at home. You come into school, and you are upset, and if you can let all that anger and upset out (with a support worker/teacher before the lessons) then you are happy to go in to learn you’ve got a good mindset and you are ready to get some education.

“But if you come in, there’s no one to talk to you, there’s no support, you go into a lesson [and] you’re not ready to learn.

“You’re still upset from what’s going on at home. Therefore, the child’s not going to be ready to learn. Not every child needs a mentor but some do need help to express what’s going on at home.”

Computer science teacher Kalpana Jegendirabose is also on a two-year placement on The Difference programme with Haringey Learning Partnership.

Computer science teacher Kalpana Jegendirabose
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Computer science teacher Kalpana Jegendirabose said PRU’s give teachers more time to speak to students

She says: “We have more opportunities [at the PRU] to have conversations with the children here and actually sit with them. Those things wouldn’t necessarily have happened in mainstream because the timetables are so strict – there isn’t any room for actually having those conversations.”

Miriam is now entering her first year preparing for GCSE’s and hopes to buck the trend of children failing after falling out of mainstream education. She’s now engaging more in lessons and has a love of history.

She responded to being excluded from school by raising £2,500 to open the first library in her pupil referral unit.

The opening this week was attended by local MP David Lammy and children’s author Michael Rosen.

It seems that Miriam’s exclusion was mainstream’s loss. How often is that the case?

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Angela Rayner: The working-class mum who went from union rep to Labour big-hitter

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Angela Rayner: The working-class mum who went from union rep to Labour big-hitter

Leaving school aged 16, pregnant and with no qualifications, Angela Rayner has had a meteoric rise to the second-highest office in the UK – and a spectacular fall from grace.

Sir Keir Starmer’s right-hand woman has now resigned after she admitted to Sky News political editor Beth Rigby she had not paid enough stamp duty on a second home she bought in Hove, East Sussex, earlier this year.

Politics latest: Angela Rayner resigns

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Rayner admits she didn’t pay enough tax

Growing up in poverty on a council estate in Stockport, Greater Manchester, Angela Bowen (her maiden name) and her two siblings were brought up by her grandmother, as her mother had bipolar disorder. She has said they had no books because her mother could not read or write.

She left school at the age of 16, without any qualifications, after becoming pregnant and has said her son, Ryan, “saved me from where I could have been, because I had a little person to look after”.

The teenage mother, now 45, studied part-time and gained a qualification in social care, working for Stockport Council as a care worker.

She entered politics when she was elected as a Unison trade union representative and then convenor of Unison North West – the region’s most senior official, becoming a Labour Party member during her time there.

Angela Rayner in 2016, a year after becoming an MP
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Angela Rayner in 2016, a year after becoming an MP

She married Unison official Mark Rayner in 2010 and they had two sons, Charlie and Jimmy. Charlie, now 17, was born at 23 weeks old and is disabled.

In 2017, her eldest son Ryan had a son, making Ms Rayner a grandmother at the age of 37. She gave herself the nickname “Grangela”.

She and her husband separated in 2020 and their divorce was completed in 2023. Since 2022, she has been in a relationship with former Labour MP Sam Tarry, with a break in 2023.

Pic: PA
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Pic: PA

NHS compensation and a trust

Days before her resignation, she revealed compensation was paid to Charlie by the NHS due to the circumstances around his birth, which left him with “life-long disabilities”.

A trust was set up to manage the compensation and to ensure her son was properly looked after, and so that he and his brother could remain living in their family home in Ashton-under-Lyne as part of a “nesting arrangement”, where children of divorced parents live in one house while parents take it in turn to stay there.

She said she sold her stake in that home to the trust in January this year and used that money as a deposit on the Hove flat.

The Labour MP said she was given legal advice that the coastal flat did not have to be considered as a second home for stamp duty but sought further legal counsel after media reports claimed she avoided £40,000 in stamp duty.

Her initial lawyers said they never gave her tax advice and said they were being made “scapegoats”.

Ms Rayner gave a tearful interview to Sky’s Beth Rigby before her resignation, telling the Electoral Dysfunction podcast she had spoken to her family about “packing it all in”.

MP to Labour deputy in five years

Ms Rayner rose up the Labour ranks quickly after becoming an MP for Ashton-under-Lyne in 2015.

She was made deputy Labour Party leader in 2020 and was made deputy prime minister and housing, communities and local government secretary after last summer’s general election.

A self-described socialist, “but not a Corbynite” (in her own words), she became well known for calling the Conservatives “scum”, for which she eventually apologised after initially refusing to.

Pic: Reuters
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Pic: Reuters

Council house and donor controversies

During last summer’s election campaign, Ms Rayner was investigated by Greater Manchester Police over allegations she misled tax officials in the sale of her council house in 2015 under the right to buy scheme.

She was cleared of any wrongdoing and HMRC concluded she did not owe any capital gains tax. She accused the Tories of using “desperate tactics” against her and went on to win her seat with a 19.1% majority.

Not long after becoming deputy PM and housing secretary, she was embroiled in another scandal in which she was accused of failing to properly register her use of Labour peer Lord Waheed Alli’s $2.5m New York apartment and being given clothes worth £3,550 by him.

She later announced she would no longer accept clothes from donors.

Sir Keir Starmer and Angela Rayner during a visit to a construction site in Cambridge. Pic: PA
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Sir Keir Starmer and Angela Rayner during a visit to a construction site in Cambridge. Pic: PA

Building pledge

One of the Labour government’s biggest pledges was to build 1.5m new homes in this parliament and, as housing secretary, this came under Ms Rayner’s remit.

Sir Keir admitted in December the pledge might be “a little too ambitious”.

Ms Rayner was warned by some of the UK’s biggest developers there was not enough skilled labour to get anywhere near that target, but she has insisted it will happen.

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‘House building target is achievable’

She also led the charge to overhaul planning rules, announcing planning officers would be able to rubberstamp development proposals without permission from council committees if they complied with locally agreed plans.

The changes will be made through the planning and infrastructure bill, which was introduced to parliament in March and is making its way through the Commons.

It also promises to unblock 150 infrastructure projects, such as gigafactories, windfarms and railways, while protecting the environment and nature by setting up a fund to help builders meet their environmental obligations faster by pooling contributions to fund larger nature protections

Right to buy

In February, somewhat controversially given she bought the council house she grew up in, Ms Rayner announced it would be harder for tenants to buy their own council homes to help reverse the housing stock shortage.

She also announced “Awaab’s Law” – introduced by the Conservatives in 2023 and named after two-year-old Awaab Ishak, who died from damp and mould – would come into force in October 2025, forcing social housing landlords to fix dangerous damp and mould in a set amount of time and emergency hazards within 24 hours.

In her role as deputy PM, Ms Rayner occasionally stood in for Sir Keir at Prime Minister’s Questions, one time facing Tory Oliver Dowden and saying it was the “battle of the gingers”.

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Katharine, Duchess of Kent, dies aged 92

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Katharine, Duchess of Kent, dies aged 92

The Duchess of Kent has died at the age of 92, Buckingham Palace has said.

Katharine – who became the oldest living member of the Royal Family when Queen Elizabeth II died in 2022 – was known for consoling Wimbledon finalists, notably a tearful Jana Novotna in 1993.

A skilled pianist, organist and singer, she dropped her HRH style, preferring to be known as Mrs Kent, and retreated from royal life to spend 13 years teaching music at a primary school in Hull.

The duchess famously comforted emotional Wimbledon runner-up Novotna after the 1993 final. Pic: AP
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The duchess famously comforted emotional Wimbledon runner-up Novotna after the 1993 final. Pic: AP

The palace said in a statement on Friday: “It is with deep sorrow that Buckingham Palace announces the death of Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Kent.

“Her Royal Highness passed away peacefully last night at Kensington Palace, surrounded by her family.

“The King and Queen and all Members of The Royal Family join The Duke of Kent, his children and grandchildren in mourning their loss and remembering fondly The Duchess’s life-long devotion to all the organisations with which she was associated, her passion for music and her empathy for young people.”

The Union Flag at Buckingham Palace was lowered to half-mast as a mark of respect shortly after the duchess’s death was announced. A formal framed announcement is displayed on the palace railings.

Katharine meeting Nelson Mandela in 1998. Pic: PA
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Katharine meeting Nelson Mandela in 1998. Pic: PA

The duchess, who volunteered for Unicef, is greeted in northern India in 1996. Pic: PA
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The duchess, who volunteered for Unicef, is greeted in northern India in 1996. Pic: PA

An online condolence book will be available in the coming days and funeral details will be announced in due course.

Katharine married Prince Edward, the Duke of Kent – who is the cousin of the late Queen Elizabeth II – in a grand ceremony at York Minster in 1961.

The couple have three surviving children, George, Earl of St Andrews, Lady Helen Windsor, and Lord Nicholas Windsor.

Read more:
Angela Rayner resigns
Three Britons among Lisbon crash fatalities

The Duke and Duchess of Kent at their York Minster wedding. Pic: PA
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The Duke and Duchess of Kent at their York Minster wedding. Pic: PA

The duchess suffered heartbreak when she was forced to have a termination after catching German measles while pregnant in 1975. Two years later, she endured the devastation of giving birth to a stillborn son, Patrick.

She led a separate life from the Duke of Kent for many years but the couple did not divorce – and were said to be closer than ever after Edward suffered a stroke in 2013, which prompted his wife to move back into their Kensington Palace home.

Katharine’s famous Wimbledon moments

Her appearances at Wimbledon, where she presented the winners’ trophies, became a familiar feature of the summer sporting calendar.

Venus Williams receives the women's singles trophy from the duchess in 2001. Pic: Reuters
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Venus Williams receives the women’s singles trophy from the duchess in 2001. Pic: Reuters

In 1993, she put royal formalities and protocol aside to hug tearful runner-up Jana Novotna after she lost the ladies’ singles final to Steffi Graff.

Her relationship with Wimbledon authorities later soured, when she was refused permission to take the young son of murdered headmaster Philip Lawrence into the royal box at the tournament.

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Three British nationals among those who died in Lisbon funicular crash

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Three British nationals among those who died in Lisbon funicular crash

Three British nationals are among the 16 who died after the iconic Gloria funicular in Lisbon derailed and crashed, authorities have said.

The crash, which also left 22 people injured, happened at around 6pm on Wednesday.

Footage showed one of the railway’s two carriages practically destroyed and emergency workers pulling people out of the wreckage.

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Everything we know about the Lisbon crash so far

So far, the nationalities of 11 of the people who died have been released by the authorities. They are: five people from Portugal, including four workers at a charity based near the funicular, three from Great Britain, two from Korea, and one person from Switzerland.

Brakeman Andrew Marques is the only person killed to have been identified so far.

All but one of the victims was declared dead at the scene, with the other dying of their injuries in hospital.

Sky News has contacted the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office for further information on the three British victims.

A spokesperson for Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer said he is “deeply saddened” to hear of the British nationals who have died.

“His thoughts are with families and those affected,” they said. “We stand united with Portugal during this time.”

Emergency workers scramble to rescue people at the scene. Pic: Enex
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Emergency workers scramble to rescue people at the scene. Pic: Enex

Majority of dead and injured foreign nationals

Among the injured are 12 women, seven men, and a three-year-old child, according to Portugal’s Civil Protection Authority.

Three who suffered injuries are from Portugal, two from Germany, one from Spain, one from Korea, one from Cape Verde, one from Canada, one from Italy, one from France, one from Switzerland, and one from Morocco.

According to CNN Portugal, the two from Germany were the three-year-old child and his mother, who were both pulled from the wreckage.

The lower carriage in the foreground with the remains of the one that crashed further up the hill in Lisbon. Pic: AP
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The lower carriage in the foreground with the remains of the one that crashed further up the hill in Lisbon. Pic: AP

The Gloria funicular connects Lisbon's Restauradores Square to the Bairro Alto viewpoint
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The Gloria funicular connects Lisbon’s Restauradores Square to the Bairro Alto viewpoint

The Gloria funicular is hugely popular with tourists and classified as a national monument.

Its journey between Restauradores Square in downtown Lisbon and the Bairro Alto neighbourhood is just 265m (870ft) and three minutes long, but climbs up a steep hill, with two carriages travelling in opposite directions.

It was believed to be operating at full capacity as rush hour began in the Portuguese capital on Wednesday evening when the top car hurtled down the hill, left the tracks, and crashed into a building 30m (98ft) from the bottom.

According to the people who were in the lower carriage, a few metres into their ascent, it started going backwards. When they saw the other car speeding towards them, they jumped through the windows to escape.

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Lisbon funicular crash: ‘We felt no brakes anymore’

Preliminary crash report due on Friday

It is not clear what caused the crash.

The Portuguese government office for air and rail accident investigations said it has completed its analysis of the crash site and will release a preliminary report on Friday.

One eyewitness who was in the lower carriage told Sky’s Europe correspondent Alistair Bunkall that the brakes appeared to fail.

Engineer Dave Cooper told Sky News on Thursday that the two carriages may have become detached from one another because of a fault with the cables.

The second carriage is lifted from the crash site to be removed overnight on Thursday. Pic: Reuters
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The second carriage is lifted from the crash site to be removed overnight on Thursday. Pic: Reuters

The funicular tracks empty after both carriages were removed overnight on Thursday. Pic: AP
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The funicular tracks empty after both carriages were removed overnight on Thursday. Pic: AP

Flowers for the victims at the foot of the hill where the funicular is in downtown Lisbon on Friday. Pic: AP
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Flowers for the victims at the foot of the hill where the funicular is in downtown Lisbon on Friday. Pic: AP

Emergency services and engineers worked throughout the night on Thursday to remove both carriages from the site, while the other two funiculars in the city remained closed until the crash investigation concludes.

A mass was held, attended by Portuguese Prime Minister Luis Montenegro and Lisbon mayor Carlos Moedas, in memory of the victims at a nearby church on Thursday evening.

Lisbon declared three days of municipal mourning, while Portugal observed a national day of grief on Thursday.

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