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NASA has shared a stunning image of a giant eye-shaped nebula that is among the brightest and closest to Earth. The image, captured by the agency’s Spitzer Space Telescope, showed a deep vacuum surrounded by a sparkling cloud of dust and gas. The dust and gas are spread over a two-light-year diameter around a central white dwarf. The dust makes this central part gleam with red shades. This astronomical formation is known as the Helix Nebula, which is 700 light-years away from Earth, located in the Aquarius constellation.

When a star like the Sun runs out of fuel, it expands and its outer layers puff off, and then the core of the star shrinks. This phase is known as a “planetary nebula,” said NASA. Scientists expect our Sun to experience this phase in about 5 billion years.

The agency said the star likely ejected the nebular material — shown in the image — many thousands of years ago. The dust could be generated by collisions inside a reservoir of objects, like in our own solar system’s Kuiper Belt or cometary Oort cloud. The Helix Nebula can be readily observed on a clear, moonless night with binoculars.

“It is so amazing,” commented an Instagram user. Referring to its appearance like a giant eye in space, another said, “The Helix Nebula was nicknamed the Eye of God or God’s”. The nickname started appearing after NASA released an image of it taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2002. The infrared image taken by the Spitzer Space Telescope followed in 2007.

NASA has asked space enthusiasts to “keep an eye out” as it highlights some of the most favourite nebulae through this month on its Instagram account.


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Arctic Polar Vortex Shifted by Major Atmospheric Disturbance, Say Scientists

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A massive disruption to the Arctic polar vortex has pushed the ring of wind that circles the North Pole away from its perch and toward Europe. Scientists predict that the migration will cause colder-than-average temperatures in portions of the continent and the eastern United States in the next week. On March 9, the polar vortex began to drift off course when its powerful winds suddenly turned from west to east to blow in the opposite direction. Though this change generally occurs in mid-April, this year’s reversal occurred remarkably early based on a blog article made April 3 by NOAA.

Scientists Observe Displacement of Arctic Polar Vortex

According to the officials of NOAA, “the polar vortex is not likely to find its normal location above the North Pole.” It is doubtful it will recover its wintertime strength and will ultimately “enter hibernation” over Northern Europe.

As the polar vortex fades, temperatures in Northern Europe, portions of Asia, and the eastern United States will be below average. “Temperatures for the last week of March were pretty normal across the eastern US, but the latest forecasts do predict increased chances of below-normal temperatures for the next week,” they reported.

How the Vortex Disruption Impacts Weather Globally

If global warming is influencing the polar vortex, it could paradoxically increase the likelihood of catastrophic winter weather outbreaks in the mid-latitudes.

Among the options is that the “preferred” position of the polar vortex might be sensitive to local changes in sea ice cover. One study, for instance, connected the decline in sea ice extent in February in the Barents and Kara Seas in the eastern Arctic to a change in the polar vortex toward Eurasia between the 1980s and the 2000s. Along with the vortex shift, winters were colder than usual in Siberia and the mid-latitudes of central Eurasia.

Overland stated, “Every way people have tried to look at this question has produced some evidence for a connection and some evidence against a connection.” One study team will find that Arctic sea ice loss is upsetting the atmospheric circulation in ways that result in harsh mid-latitude winters. Another team would contend that the peculiar patterns of air circulation come first and cause both the cold winters over the mid-latitude continents and the warm Arctic. From Overland’s perspective, insufficient data exists either way to either support or reject the hypothesis.

What Comes Next?

A massive disruption to the Arctic polar vortex has pushed the ring of wind that circles the North Pole away from its perch and toward Europe, according to a new animation.

Climate analysts say it would bring about below-average temperatures over the eastern United States next week and many areas of the country.

On March 9, the polar vortex wobbled and then snapped back the other way as mighty winds, suddenly shifting from the west to the east – something that typically happens once a year – usually in the middle of April, according to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) blog post on April 3, 2020. This year, it happened pretty early.

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Russian Kosmos Satellites Release Mysterious Object in Orbit

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Russian Kosmos Satellites Release Mysterious Object in Orbit

A group of Russian satellites launched earlier this year has caught the attention of space watchers around the world. The satellites – Kosmos 2581, 2582, and 2583 – were sent into orbit in early February from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. They’ve been placed in a near-polar orbit, about 585 kilometres above Earth. So far, Russian officials haven’t confirmed what these satellites are actually meant to do. But what’s really stirred interest is the release of an unknown object from one of them. This new development, spotted in mid-March, has prompted fresh scrutiny from space monitoring teams across the globe.

What We Know So Far

According to tracking data from the United States Space Force and other monitoring groups, the mysterious object appeared on March 18. It was quickly catalogued and, at first, linked to Kosmos 2581. Later on, though, some signals hinted it might be tied to Kosmos 2583 instead. What’s clear is that the object was released while the satellites were still active – and so far, Russia hasn’t said a word about it.

Interestingly, before the object showed up, the satellites were seen carrying out what’s known as “proximity operations” – basically manoeuvring close to other objects in orbit, which is not something routine satellites typically do.

Expert Insight and Possible Explanations

Astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics spoke to Space.com about the situation. He pointed out that the satellites had been making deliberate close-range movements, which has led many to believe this isn’t just routine activity.

As for the object itself, there are a few possibilities. It could be part of a satellite testing programme or a tool for formation flying. There’s also a chance it’s linked to some kind of military experiment. While a technical malfunction hasn’t been ruled out, experts note that accidents like that usually leave behind several bits of debris – and that doesn’t seem to be the case here.

Putting It Into Context

The “Kosmos” label has been used by Russia for decades, dating back to 1962. It covers a broad range of secretive military and scientific missions. Triplets like this group aren’t unusual either – China and the US have also used similar formations, often for surveillance or intelligence-gathering purposes.
Still, the exact purpose of Kosmos 2581, 2582, 2583 – and now this newly released object – remains a mystery. Until more information is released (if it ever is), analysts will continue to watch closely from the ground.

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NASA’s Parker Solar Probe Completes Second Close Flyby of the Sun

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NASA’s Parker Solar Probe Completes Second Close Flyby of the Sun

NASA’s Parker Solar Probe has made its second close flyby of the sun. The spacecraft travelled at a speed of 692000 kilometres per hour. It moved within 6.1 million kilometres of the sun. This event took place on March 22. A signal confirming its good health was received on March 25. The signal confirmed that all systems on board were working as planned. The probe was designed to study solar winds and collect data from the sun’s outer atmosphere. The mission is being used to help scientists understand solar activity that affects Earth.

More About The Mission

According to NASA’s announcement, the probe’s instruments were activated during the pass. They were used to study the corona. This is the outer layer of the sun’s atmosphere. The spacecraft was operated on its own during the flyby. It had been programmed in advance. Scientists believe this data may help them understand why the corona is hotter than the sun’s surface. The data is also being used to study changes in space weather. This information is considered important for protecting satellites and communication systems on Earth.

Quote from NASA

In a press release issued by NASA, acting Administrator Janet Petro said that the mission has entered a zone no spacecraft has visited before. Petro said this while addressing the media at the agency’s Washington headquarters. She said that the research is expected to change how solar science is studied in the future.

Award given to the team

As per a statement released by the National Aeronautic Association, the mission team was given the 2024 Robert J. Collier Trophy. The team includes experts from NASA and Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory. Ralph Semmel, Director at Johns Hopkins APL, said that the mission was once believed to be impossible. He shared this in an interview with NASA’s press team. The next close flyby is expected to take place on June 19.

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