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A new and more infectious version of the Delta variant now accounts for 15% of coronavirus cases in the UK, according to the latest government data.

AY.4.2 is an evolutionary spin-off of the original Delta variant first found in India.

The UK Health and Security Agency (UKHSA) designated it a ‘variant under investigation’ on 20 October.

Data shows it made up 14.7% of sequenced cases in the week ending 6 November and is continuing to grow.

But as AY.4.2 starts to take over, Sky News looks at how the new variant could affect people’s COVID immunity in the run-up to Christmas.

What do we know about AY.4.2?

AY.4.2 is a sub-lineage of the Delta variant.

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There are currently nine versions of Delta present in the UK.

But government experts have classified AY.4.2 as a ‘variant under investigation’ because it has accounted for a “slowly increasing proportion of cases in the UK” since September.

Imperial College London’s REACT-1 study suggested it could be up to 10% more infectious than Delta, first found in Kent in late 2020. Delta was around 60% more transmissible than Alpha.

Scientists are not sure why it appears to spread more easily.

But the latest UKHSA data suggests vaccines are just as effective against it as they are against Delta – and it could carry a slightly lesser risk of hospitalisation.

The REACT-1 study of 100,000 people between 19 and 5 November also showed only a third of people with AY.4.2 had the classic COVID symptoms of a cough, fever, loss or change in taste and smell – compared to 46% who had the original Delta variant.

Authors of the study said people with the new variant were less likely to show any other symptoms as well.

If I’ve had COVID recently, does a new variant mean I could get it again?

Both vaccines and natural infection offer varying levels of immunity from getting reinfected with COVID-19.

Previous studies have shown getting COVID gives people around 80% protection from getting reinfected within five months.

But there is not yet enough data on AY.4.2 to know how long natural immunity from the new variant might last.

This means that if you have been recently infected with AY.4.2 it is not clear whether you are largely protected from contracting the original Delta variant within the following months.

But if the vaccines are just as effective against it, catching it naturally could offer similar levels of protection, Dr Raghib Ali, of the University of Cambridge’s epidemiology unit, tells Sky News.

“We don’t have reinfection data yet,” he says.

“But what we do have is data that shows no real difference in vaccine effectiveness between AY.4.2 and Delta.

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“Getting a vaccine induces an immune response that is based on the spike protein.

“And when you get infected naturally you also produce an immune response – so there shouldn’t be much difference.”

But he claims this only applies to people who have been vaccinated with two or three doses.

“In general, if you’ve been infected with Delta and you’ve had both vaccines, you should have good protection from AY.4.2 and vice versa,” he says.

A Harvard study has also showed that people who have had a combination of vaccines and natural infection have “substantially higher antibody responses” than people who have only been vaccinated.

“They have very good levels of protection,” Dr Ali adds.

“Because each time you are exposed to the vaccine or the virus, you develop an immune response.”

‘It’s not a hard shield’

Although most people develop some level of immunity from getting the virus naturally, it is not guaranteed, Dr Deepti Gurdasani warns.

“Neither natural infection nor vaccination should be seen as a hard shield,” the clinical epidemiologist at Queen Mary University tells Sky News.

“You get more varying levels of immune response from natural infection than you do from vaccination.

“Not everyone who gets infected naturally seroconverts [produces an immune response].”

She also says lower immune responses are more common in people who get no or mild symptoms, as well as children and young people.

“Some don’t produce immune responses at all,” she adds.

“If you have had two doses and a natural infection – you have got some boosted immunity, but the protection you get from both is just a layer – it’s not absolute.”

Boosters, tests and hand washing important for Christmas

As Christmas approaches, with more socialising and case rates still considerably high, experts have warned the UK is facing a tough winter – and the NHS being overwhelmed.

And with immunity waning a few months after getting a second vaccine, both scientists are urging people to get booster jabs if they are eligible.

“There is more and more evidence that this [coronavirus] is a three-dose vaccine,” Dr Gurdasani says.

“Lots of people are at the stage now where they’re three or four-months post-vaccination and are getting breakthrough infections.

“It highlights the importance of boosters and of seeing each thing you do, whether that be a test, wearing a mask or recovering from infection, as a layer of protection – not absolute protection.”

Dr Ali adds: “The most important thing is still to have the vaccine, but it’s also true that the vaccine isn’t 100% effective.

“So if you’re mixing with vulnerable or elderly relatives over Christmas, basic interventions like taking a lateral flow test and washing your hands regularly are still important.”

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Jess Phillips does not rule out new national inquiry into grooming gangs

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Jess Phillips does not rule out new national inquiry into grooming gangs

Jess Phillips has said “nothing is off the table” when dealing with the grooming gangs scandal – including a new national inquiry if victims want one.

The safeguarding minister told Sky’s political editor Beth Rigby on the Electoral Dysfunction podcast that she would listen to victims on a new panel that was announced by the government this week.

“Nothing is off the table,” she said.

“And if the victims come forward to me in this victims panel and they say, ‘actually, we think there needs to be a national inquiry into this’, I’ll listen to them.”

Politics latest: Tories told to ‘put up or shut up’

Beth Rigby and Jess Phillips

Her comments come days after it emerged she had rejected calls from Oldham Council to hold a government inquiry into grooming gangs in the town, and said the council should commission one instead.

That has led to tech billionaire Elon Musk attacking her and Sir Keir Starmer for not holding a national inquiry and accusing the prime minister of being “complicit” in the abuse.

Professor Alexis Jay finished an eight-year national inquiry into child sexual abuse in 2022 and set out recommendations for the government.

Read more:
What happened in the grooming gangs scandal?

Why the Tories’ attempts to force inquiry won’t work

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Education sec ‘not interested’ in Musk comments

The Conservatives tabled an amendment to the Children’s Safeguarding and Schools Bill on Wednesday to require a statutory inquiry into grooming gangs.

However, Education Secretary Bridget Phillipson told Sky News the Tories “don’t care about children” as the amendment could prevent the entire bill from going forward.

She said: “The measures that I’m setting out today and the legislation in many ways go further because it puts a requirement on all councils to have teams working to keep children safe.

“And the bandwagon jumpers that have come along in recent days, they don’t care about children, they don’t care about making sure that we stop this and we take action.

“They had years to do it and they didn’t do it.”

The Conservatives also rejected a call from Oldham Council for a government inquiry in 2022.

You can listen to Beth’s full interview with Jess Phillips in a special episode of Electoral Dysfunction released on Thursday.

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Boy, 14, stabbed to death on London bus named as Kelyan Bokassa

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Boy, 14, stabbed to death on London bus named as Kelyan Bokassa

The 14-year-old who was stabbed to death on a bus in southeast London yesterday has been named as Kelyan Bokassa.

He was stabbed to death on a bus in Woolwich Church Street, close to the Woolwich Ferry, just before 2.30pm on Tuesday.

The teenager died at the scene shortly after medical help arrived.

The Metropolitan Police called the stabbing a “horrific attack,” while London mayor Sir Sadiq Khan said the “heart-breaking violence has absolutely no place in our city”.

No arrests have been made so far but officers are appealing for witnesses who were on the 472 bus.

Tributes are left next to a bus stop on Woolwich Church Road in Woolwich, south London, after a 14-year-old boy was stabbed to death on a London Bus.
Image:
Tributes were left to the teenager, who was a student at St Columba’s Catholic Boys School. Pic: PA

An aspiring rapper, 14-year-old Kelyan was also “briefly” a student at St Columba’s Catholic Boys School in Bexleyheath.

The South East London Catholic Academy Trust said in a statement it was “saddened by the loss of life” and added: “Our thoughts and prayers are with his family and friends at this difficult time.

“Our schools will provide support to any of the students who may be affected by this senseless violence.”

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Mary Bokassa, the boy’s mother, also told MailOnline that he and others “were taken advantage by gangs” and “were groomed”.

She told the outlet: “He was missing for a year and was living on the street. He finally turned up at my doorstep, he was sick, underweight and tattooed.

“He was exposed to drugs. He probably experienced something because I could sense it. He was not himself. If I questioned him, he wouldn’t tell me anything about his friends.”

Detective Chief Inspector Martin Thorpe, who is leading the investigation, said: “Following Kelyan’s tragic death yesterday, specialist officers are now leading the investigation which is progressing at pace.

“If anyone saw this horrific attack or was in the area then I urge them to come forward and speak to officers.

“We’re particularly interested in any mobile phone footage that captured this incident or any dash cam or doorbell footage from around the surrounding area at the time of this incident.”

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UK Athletics and former games head of sport charged with manslaughter over Paralympian’s death

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UK Athletics and former games head of sport charged with manslaughter over Paralympian's death

UK Athletics Ltd and a former head of sport for a major London games have been charged with manslaughter following the death of Paralympian Abdullah Hayayei, the Crown Prosecution Service said.

United Arab Emirates athlete Mr Hayayei died aged 36 after a metal throwing cage fell on him while he was shot put training at Newham Leisure Centre in London in 2017.

The Paralympian was pronounced dead at the scene after he was struck by a metal pole in the incident.

He was training in preparation to represent his country in the shot put, discus and javelin at the World Para Athletics Championships which began in London later that week.

Teams and coaches from several nations were present at the time of the tragedy.

Keith Davies, 77, the former head of sport for the 2017 World Para Athletics Championships, has been charged with gross negligence manslaughter and a health and safety offence.

UK Athletics has been charged with corporate manslaughter and a Health and Safety at Work Act offence.

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Both UK Athletics and Davies are due to appear at Westminster Magistrates’ Court on Friday 31 January.

Malcolm McHaffie, head of the CPS Special Crime Division, said: “The Crown Prosecution Service reminds everyone that criminal proceedings are active and both UK Athletics Ltd and Davies have the right to a fair trial.

“It is extremely important that there be no reporting, commentary or sharing of information online which could in any way prejudice these proceedings.”

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The Met Police launched an investigation following Mr Hayayei’s death on 11 July 2017, with the Crown Prosecution Service saying today that it has authorised charges following a review of evidence provided by the force.

Mr Hayayei made his Paralympic debut in Rio de Janeiro in 2016 and was set to feature in his second World Championships in 2017.

Ed Warner, who was co-chair of London 2017, said after Mr Hayayei’s death: “This is a devastating event and everyone within the London 2017 Organising Committee is shocked and saddened.

“We will be working closely with all the competitors and teams over the days ahead to offer support wherever it is needed.”

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