A new bill introduced Friday by US Senator Angus King of Maine could unlock the true potential of electric school buses and provide stability to communities in need. The BIDIRECTIONAL Act would “create a program dedicated to deploying electric school buses with bidirectional vehicle-to-grid (V2G) flow capability.”
Zero-emission electric school buses are being deployed nationwide as state leaders and school districts look to protect the children and communities they vow to serve. New information shows school districts that replace just one diesel school bus with an electric one can reduce toxic emissions by 54,000 pounds a year.
However, the benefits of electric school buses don’t stop there. The massive batteries they utilize also make perfect energy storage devices. Several automakers and charging companies are experimenting with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology that enables vehicles to send energy back to the grid.
Manufacturers of electric pickup trucks (like the Ford F-150) and other EVs have dived into bi-directional charging, but this technology makes even more sense for electric school buses because they have large batteries that sit most of the day. To illustrate this point, Thomas Built Buses partnered with Proterra to show two electric school buses can send 10 MWh total back to the grid, enough to power around 600 homes.
Senator King wants to capitalize on this ability with the BIDIRECTIONAL Act to promote the widespread deployment of electric school buses with V2G capability to improve community stability.
Electric school bus with V2G capabilities Source: Proterra
The BIDIRECTIONAL Act is designed to accelerate adoption of EV school buses while using them for more than just a ride to school.
According to Senator King, the BIDIRECTIONAL Act will:
Establish a Department of Energy (DOE) program to roll out electric school buses designed with V2G capabilities in communities that need them most.
Require the DOE to report on current V2G initiatives (such as Thomas Built and Proterra) while also requiring electricity providers to consider bi-directional integration.
Senator King commented on the initiative, stating:
Vehicle-to-grid school buses are another common sense tool that can help to create a reliable grid, promote clean energy, and cut costs for local towns and school districts.
Adding:
The BIDIRECTIONAL Act will assist school districts across Maine and America transition to electric buses and make sure these vehicles provide greater stability to their communities. Combined with electric bus investments in the Inflation Reduction Act, this will be an important step towards unlocking America’s clean energy future. It’s a simple, win-win bill and I hope it can get bipartisan support across Congress.
Several major electric school bus makers and other organizations are backing the bill, such as Blue Bird, Highland Electric, Lion Electric, Nuuve, Proterra, and Xcel Energy.
Electrek’s Take
Electric school buses with V2G are a no-brainer. Not only will they reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protecting the communities they serve, but they can also play a key role in providing energy stability to communities in need.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) just announced it would be nearly doubling EPA clean school bus programfunding to $965 million in its initial round . Federal funding is a huge first step, but strong state leadership is also necessary if these clean machines are going to become widely adopted. Virginia, for example, just surpassed 500,000 electric school bus miles driven thanks to a state initiative to roll out 13,0000 electric school buses in 2019. They now have the nation’s second largest fleet of electric school buses.
I believe Senator King is wise in proposing this bill. I truly believe electric school buses have unlimited potential waiting to be unlocked, and the BIDIRECTIONAL Act can do just that.
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Solar electric vehicle startup Aptera Motors released a new update today, giving us a first look at its validation vehicle assembly line, along with progress on battery production and efficiency testing as it moves closer to its goal of low-volume production.
It enabled Aptera to get busy, and now the company has released an update about its progress over the last few weeks.
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You can watch the full update video here:
On the personnel front, highlighting an expanded team across engineering, operations, and manufacturing. In the video, several new hires introduced themselves, including directors of supply chain and various engineers, signaling that the company is trying to staff up for the next phase.
But the meat of the update is on the manufacturing floor.
Aptera’s Validation Assembly Line
Steve Fambro, Aptera’s co-CEO, walked us through the facility, which he says is now “buzzing with activity”, with a few interesting time-lapse videos that showed progress.
The company has begun the buildout of its validation vehicle assembly line.
Unlike the hand-assembled prototypes we’ve seen in the past, Aptera says this new setup is designed to operate as a “normal vehicle manufacturing line” with a multi-step process. This includes receiving, inventory, kitting, and progressive installation of vehicle systems at individual stations.
At the heart of this new line is a large-scale precision assembly fixture. This is a critical piece of equipment for Aptera’s unique two-piece composite body structure.
Fambro explained the importance of this fixture:
“It’s a major step forward from the original hand-assembled approach we used on the BinC (Body in Carbon) for the first three validation vehicles. With this new fixture, we can now assemble BinCs with far greater repeatability and tighter control over final geometry.”
We also got a look at the frames, which Aptera says are robust and optimized for weight and strength.
Battery Production and ‘Gemini’ Testing
Another significant update is the battery assembly. Aptera’s battery partner, CTNS, is now on-site building battery modules.
This is the first time CTNS has assembled modules directly in Aptera’s facility. The video shows what look to be clean, precise modules ready for integration. This is a good sign for the supply chain, as the battery pack is often a major bottleneck for EV startups.
On the testing front, Aptera has been conducting internal efficiency evaluations with “Gemini,” its third production-intent vehicle.
The company claims preliminary results from combined drive cycles (high speed, stop-and-go, urban) are “encouraging.” They plan to move to more formal regulatory testing soon with the new and bigger fleet of validation vehicles.
Electrek’s Take
This is a nice progress update from Aptera. I am cautiously starting to get hope that Aptera might end up delivering a few of these vehicles.
Now, let’s be honest, there’s still a lot of work to do. The assembly line that Aptera showed today is clearly a work in progress.
$75 million might sound like a lot, but it’s nothing in the automotive manufacturing industry.
The question remains whether that capital will be enough to get them through this validation phase and into meaningful low-volume production.
As a disclosure, I have a small amount of Aptera shares from the crowdfunding days. I’ve always said I don’t see a significant chance of success, but I wish it, as I love the company’s ethos of efficiency.
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With its official debut just around the corner, Kia offered a closer look at the EV2. The new electric SUV will be Kia’s smallest, most affordable EV to date.
Kia confirms the EV2 will debut as its most affordable EV
Kia confirmed that the EV2, its new electric B-segment SUV, will debut at the Brussels Motor Show next month. The EV2 will sit below the EV3 as Kia’s new entry-level electric car.
“With the EV2, we reaffirm our commitment to make electric mobility truly accessible to a broader audience – without compromise,” Kia Europe president and CEO, Marc Hedrich, said on Tuesday.
The EV2 will be built at Kia’s sole European manufacturing plant in Zilina, Slovakia, to speed up production and deliveries.
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Designed, developed, and soon to be made in Europe, Kia is confident that the EV2 will play a “pivotal role” in the shift to cleaner, more sustainable travel.
Although it’s the smallest EV in its lineup, Kia promises it won’t feel like it when you’re inside. The interior design is inspired by “a picnic in the city,” according to Kia, with flexible seating and smart storage options that can open up to create a retreat from the busy city life.
Kia has yet to reveal prices or final specs, but given the EV3 is around 4,300 mm (169.3″) long, the EV2 is expected to be slightly shorter at about 4,000 mm (157″).
That’s about the length of the Hyundai Inster (3,825 mm). However, previous spy shots show the EV2 has a more upright stance than the Inster, closer to Kia’s larger SUVs, like the EV9 and EV5.
The Kia Concept EV2 at IAA Mobility 2025 in Munich (Source: Kia)
The EV3 is on sale in Europe, starting at about €36,000 ($42,000), so EV2 prices will likely start at closer to €30,000 ($35,000).
Based on Hyundai’s E-GMP platform, the Kia EV3 is available with 58.3 kWh and 81.4 kWh battery options, providing a WLTP range of 410 km (255 miles) and 560 km (348 miles), respectively. The EV2 is likely to be offered with similar battery pack options.
Kia will unveil the EV2 during a press conference on Friday, January 9, 2026, starting at 10:40 am (CET). Check back for more info leading up to the event. We’ll keep you updated with the latest.
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Tesla appears to be preparing to introduce yet another new camera sensor to its hardware suite, according to code found in the automaker’s latest firmware. While hardware improvements are generally good news, this latest discovery adds to the mounting evidence that Tesla is continuously moving the goalposts for self-driving, potentially leaving millions of owners with “older” hardware in the dust… again.
The discovery comes from longtime Tesla hacker and researcher @greentheonly, who frequently digs into Tesla’s software updates to find unannounced features and hardware changes.
According to Green, Tesla’s firmware now references a new sensor model: IMX00N.
Looks like Tesla is changing (upgrading?) cameras in (some?) new cars produced.
Where as HW4 to date used exterior cameras with IMX963, now they (might potentially) have something called IMX00N.
This would ostensibly replace or complement the Sony IMX963 sensors currently used in Hardware 4.0 (AI4) vehicles. The IMX963 is the 5-megapixel sensor that replaced the 1.2-megapixel Aptina sensors found in Hardware 3 cars just two years ago.
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We don’t have the specifications for the “IMX00N” yet. It could be a custom Sony SKU for Tesla or a placeholder name for a new image sensor.
Here are the specs comparisons between the camera sensors in HW3 and AI4 Tesla vehicles:
Specification
Hardware 3.0 (HW3)
Hardware 4.0 (AI4)
Technical Implication
Sensor Resolution
1.2 Megapixels (1280 × 960)
~5 Megapixels (2896 × 1876)
4X Data Density. Allows detection of objects at >300m and digital cropping.
Semantic Fidelity. True color perception for signs, lights, and road markings.
Dynamic Range
~110 dB
>120 dB (Single Exposure)
Contrast Mastery. No motion artifacts in tunnel exits or night driving.
Data Interface
FPD-Link III (Likely)
GMSL2 or MIPI A-PHY
High Bandwidth. Supports uncompressed 5MP streams at high frame rates.
Front Cameras
3 (Main, Narrow, Wide)
2 (Main, Wide)
Optical Simplification. Digital zoom replaces the physical telephoto lens.
Lens Coating
Standard
Deep Red IR Cut / Anti-Glare
Glare Mitigation. Reduces blinding from headlights and sun.
Heaters
Passive (Waste Heat)
Active Heating Elements
All-Weather Resilience. Rapid defogging and de-icing.
Retrofit
N/A
Impossible for HW3 cars
Fleet Fragmentation. HW3 cars are permanently hardware-limited.
Electrek’s Take
Of course, you would expect Tesla to improve its vehicles, including its sensor suite, gradually. It is a good thing in and of itself.
There are three problems with Tesla updating its hardware suite for autonomous driving:
It promised to all owners since 2016 that their vehicles have all the required hardware to achieve “Full Self-Driving,” and at the time, CEO Elon Musk said that it would mean “unsupervised self-driving.”
It has yet to achieve that, and it promised to offer free hardware retrofit if needed, but it has yet to offer those.
When Tesla launches a new autonomous driving hardware suite, it rapidly puts less effort into software that works with its previous hardware suite.
If the current cameras in HW4 (let alone HW3) are sufficient for Level 4 autonomy, why is Tesla spending resources to integrate a new sensor? The most logical answer is that the current sensors have limitations, whether it’s glare handling, low-light performance, or resolution, that limit the system’s reliability.
If that’s the case, can we expect Tesla to update all the vehicles that are supposed to have the hardware to reach level 4? I wouldn’t bet on it.
CEO Elon Musk already admitted that the HW3 computer won’t support it back in January 2025, almost a year ago, and instead of announcing a solution, Tesla owners were only promised a “mini version” of FSD v14, which itself is not the promised unsupervised self-driving.
At this point, it’s hard to put hope on Tesla doing the right thing here.
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