Chancellor reverses ‘almost all’ tax cuts in mini-budget and says energy bills support scheme to be scaled back
Jeremy Hunt has revealed he is reversing “almost all” of the tax cuts announced in his predecessor’s mini-budget and is scaling back support on energy bills.
In an emergency statement, the chancellor said a 1p cut to income tax will be delayed “indefinitely” until the UK’s finances improve instead of being introduced in April 2023 as announced in Kwasi Kwarteng’s mini-budget three weeks ago.
Mr Hunt, who only stepped into the job on Friday, said the government’s energy price guarantee will only be universal until April – not for two years as originally planned.
After April, the scheme will be more targeted following a review into how to support people’s energy bills from that time, he said.
“The government has today decided to make further changes to the mini-budget, and to reduce unhelpful speculation about what they are, we’ve decided to announce these ahead of the medium-term fiscal plan, which happens in two weeks,” Mr Hunt said.
He said the government was reversing “almost all” the tax measures announced in the mini-budget that have not yet started going through parliament.
The new tax measures would bring in £32 billion after economists estimated the government was facing a £60bn black hole in public finances with the mini-budget announcements.
The changes Mr Hunt revealed include:
- No cuts to dividend tax rates
- Repeal of the easing of IR35 rules for the self-employed introduced in 2017 and 2021
- No new VAT-free shopping scheme for overseas visitors to the UK
- No freeze on alcohol duty rates
- Basic rate of income tax to remain at 20%, not reduce to 19% from April 2023
- Energy price guarantee only until April 2023.
Mr Hunt promised: “The objective is to design a new approach that will cost the taxpayer significantly less than planned, whilst ensuring enough support for those in need.
“Any support for businesses will be targeted to those most affected and the new approach will better incentivise energy efficiency.
“The most important objective for our country right now is stability.”
As Mr Hunt revealed the tax cut reversals, the pound strengthened by more than 1.2% to 1.139 against the US dollar and UK government bonds rallied further, with yields on 30-year gilts easing back by around 10%.
Widely seen as the most powerful person in government now, Mr Hunt added that there will be “more difficult decisions” on tax and spending” and said all government departments “will need to redouble their efforts to find savings, and some areas of spending will need to be cut”.
The mini-budget tax cuts that will not be reversed as they are already going through parliament, are: Cancelling the Health and Social Care Levy tax due to take place in April 2023 and the stamp duty cut.
Ms Truss’ spokesman said Monday’s decision was taken jointly by the PM and Mr Hunt over the weekend and again admitted the mini-budget went “too far, too fast”.
But he sidestepped questions about whether Ms Truss would resign after another Tory joined those who started publicly calling for her to go over the weekend.
Sky News’ political editor Beth Rigby said this row back on the mini-budget is a major blow for Liz Truss, just six weeks into her premiership.
“The entire platform of the Truss administration is gone, is gone. It’s done,” she said.
“It’s genuinely shocking in terms of how a prime minister and her cabinet got this so wrong and had to reverse in such a dramatic way.”
“It’s not just the tax decisions in the mini-budget that the new chancellor now says are just not viable.
“He’s now saying that the policy platform, her big shock and awe announcement as it was billed in the run-up to that announcement is also just economic, not viable. And that is another body blow to the prime minister today.”
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‘We think she should go’ – Labour
Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon used a news conference about Scottish independence shortly after Mr Hunt’s statement to say the government turmoil is “a self-inflicted crisis for Liz Truss” and “is humiliating in quite an unprecedented way”.
“I think the sooner this prime minister and this entire government departs office, the better that will be for everyone.” she added.
Labour’s shadow chancellor, Rachel Reeves, said Mr Hunt’s statement shows “the damage has been done” and said “this is a Tory crisis made in Downing Street, paid by working people with higher mortgage and higher borrowing costs”.
She said the Conservatives have “lost all credibility” and families will continue to endure huge costs.
“We’re still flying blind with no OBR forecasts and no clarity on the impact of their mistakes,” she added.
In a bid to calm the markets, the Treasury announced at 6am on Monday Mr Hunt was going to reveal parts of his medium-term fiscal plan – which was due to take place on 31 October.
Over the weekend, Mr Hunt promised to slow down Ms Truss’ tax cuts and said “some taxes will go up” as he worked on tearing up the mini-budget that has caused weeks of economic turmoil.
His comments were welcomed by the Bank of England’s governor, Andrew Bailey, who said there had been an “immediate meeting of minds on the importance of stability and sustainability” when he spoke to Mr Hunt on Friday.
The decision for Mr Hunt to make a statement on Monday was made after meetings between the chancellor, Ms Truss, Mr Bailey and the head of the Debt Management Office on Sunday night.
Ramesh lives in fear every day. A police siren is enough to alarm him.
He’s one of up to 400,000 visa overstayers in the UK, one lawyer we spoke to believes.
It’s only an estimate because the Home Office has stopped collecting figures – which were unreliable in the first place.
Britain is being laughed at, one man told us, “because they know it’s a soft country”.
‘Ramesh’ came to the UK from India
We meet Ramesh (not his real name) at a Gurdwara, a Sikh place of worship, where he goes for food and support.
He insists he can’t return to India where he claims he was involved in political activism.
Ramesh says he came to the UK on a student visa in 2023, but it was cancelled when he failed to continue his studies after being involved in a serious accident.
He tells us he is doing cash-in-hand work for people who he knows through the community where he is living and is currently working on a house extension where he gets paid as little as £50 for nine hours labouring.
“It’s very difficult for me to live in the UK without my Indian or Pakistani community – also because there are a lot of Pakistani people who give me work in their houses for cleaning and for household things,” he adds.
‘What will become of people like us?’
Anike has lived in limbo for 12 years.
Now living in Greater Manchester, she came to the UK from Nigeria when her sister Esther was diagnosed with a brain tumour – she had a multi-entry visa but was supposed to leave after three months.
Esther had serious complications from brain surgery and says she is reliant on her sister for care.
Immigration officials are in touch with her because she has to digitally sign in every month.
Anike has had seven failed applications for leave to remain on compassionate grounds refused but is now desperate to have her status settled – afraid of the shifting public mood over migration.
“Everybody is thinking ‘what will become of people like us?'” she adds.
‘It’s a shambles’
The government can’t say with any degree of accuracy how many visa overstayers there are in Britain – no data has been collated for five-and-a-half years.
But piecing together multiple accounts from community leaders and lawyers the picture we’ve built is stark.
Immigration lawyer Harjap Singh Bhangal told us he believed there could be several hundred thousand visa overstayers currently in Britain.
He says: “At this time, there’s definitely in excess of about 200,000 people overstaying in the UK. It might even be closer to 300,000, it could even be 400,000.”
Asked what evidence he has for this he replies: “Every day I see at least one overstayer, any immigration lawyers like me see overstayers and that is the bulk of the work for immigration lawyers.
“The Home Office doesn’t have any accurate data because we don’t have exit controls. It’s a shambles. It’s an institution where every wall in the building is cracked.”
The number of those who are overstaying visas and working cash in hand is also virtually impossible to measure.
‘They know Britain is a soft country’
“They’re laughing at us because they know Britain is a soft country, where you won’t be picked up easily,” says the local man we’ve arranged to meet as part of our investigation.
We’re in Kingsbury in northwest London – an area which people say has been transformed over the past five years as post-Brexit visa opportunities opened up for people coming from South Asia.
‘Mini-Mumbai’
The man we’re talking to lives in the community and helps with events here. He doesn’t want to be identified but raises serious questions about visa abuse.
“Since the last five years, a huge amount of people have come in this country on this visiting visa, and they come with one thing in mind – to overstay and work in cash,” he says.
“This area is easy to live in because they know they can survive. It looks like as if you are walking through mini-Mumbai.”
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‘The system is more than broken’
‘It’s taxpayers who are paying’
And he claims economic migrants are regularly arriving – who’ve paid strangers to pretend they’re a friend or relative in order to obtain a visitor visa to get to Britain.
He says: “I’ve come across so many people who have come this way into this country. It’s widespread. When I talk to these people, they literally tell me, ‘Oh, someone is coming tomorrow, day after tomorrow, someone is coming’.
“Because they’re hidden they may not be claiming benefits, but they can access emergency healthcare and their children can go to school.
“And who is paying for it? It’s the taxpayers who are paying for all this,” says the man we’ve met in north London.
Read more from Sky News:
Net migration figures hit four-year low
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A Home Office spokesperson said: “We will not tolerate any abuse of our immigration system and anyone found to be breaking the rules will be liable to have enforcement action taken against them.
“In the first year of this government, we have returned 35,000 people with no right to be here – a 13% rise compared to the previous year.
“Arrests and raids for illegal working have soared to their highest levels since records began, up 63% and 51%.”
The government can’t say with accuracy how many visa overstayers there are in Britain – no data has been collated for five-and-a-half years.
Sky News has spoken to immigration lawyers about the numbers, and one believes there could be as many as 400,000 living across the country.
Harjap Singh Bhangal described the situation as a “shambles”.
“The Home Office doesn’t have any accurate data because we don’t have exit controls. It’s a shambles. It’s an institution where every wall in the building is cracked,” he told Sky’s Lisa Holland.
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The visa overstayers in ‘soft’ Britain
Why doesn’t the government know?
The Home Office used to gather data on visa overstayers by effectively checking a list of passport numbers associated with visas against a list of passport numbers of people leaving the UK, taken from airlines and other international travel providers.
If there was a passport number match in the arrivals and departures part of their database, that person was recorded to have left when they should have. If there wasn’t, they were a potential overstayer.
They stopped producing the figures because a combination of Brexit and COVID added complications that made the Home Office conclude they wouldn’t be able to get to a reliable number using the same method.
It’s now four and a half years since EU citizens had freedom of movement to the UK revoked, and more than three and a half years since pandemic-era travel restrictions ended.
And yet we are still waiting to see what a new method might look like.
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The old method wasn’t perfect. If someone changed their passport while in the UK, for example, or if the airline or individual entered the number wrong when they were leaving, there wouldn’t be a match.
The Home Office regarded the statistics as likely overestimating the true number of overstayers, and the Office for National Statistics designated the figures as “experimental” rather than “official” statistics, meaning the conclusions should be treated with caution. But they were a reasonable best guess.
With all that in mind, between April 2016 and March 2020 upwards of 250,000 people were flagged as potential overstayers, equivalent to 63,000 per year.
That’s more than the 190,000 people who are recorded to have arrived in the UK on small boats since 2018.
It represents 3.5% of the seven million visas that expired over that period, so at least 96.5% of people left when they should.
Other Home Office data reveals that more than 13 million visas were issued between 2020 and the end of June 2025, including a record 3.4 million in 2023.
But what we don’t know is how many have expired, which means it’s difficult for us to even guess how many people might have overstayed.
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