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The world’s eight billionth resident has been born today, according to projections by the United Nations Population Division.

The global population has reached eight billion – three times the size it was in 1950 – and although there are more people on Earth than ever before because we’re living longer, population growth is at its slowest rate in more than 70 years.

In 2020 the global population growth rate fell below 1%. This is largely due to a reduced birth rate, with women having fewer children due to widespread contraception and better education and mobility for women and girls.

The global population is also getting older – 10% are aged over 65, and this will increase to 16% by 2050.

By 2050 the number of over-65s will be twice that of those under five.

Where is it growing the fastest?

The two fastest-growing regions in the world are East and Southeast Asia, home to 2.3 billion people, and central and South Asia, which has 2.1 billion people.

China and India are the joint-most populated countries in the world, with 1.4 billion people each.

Based on UN projections, India will surpass China for the first time next year.

Religious ceremony in Mumbai, India on 31 October
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The population of India is expected to surpass that of China next year

More than half of the projected increase up to 2050 will be concentrated in eight countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and Tanzania.

Countries in sub-Saharan Africa are expected to contribute more than half of the increase anticipated through 2050.

The biggest increases will come specifically from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania, with both populations doubling in the next 30 years.

Elsewhere in Africa, the biggest surges will be in Nigeria, Ethiopia and Egypt.

In Asia outside India and China, the biggest growth will happen in Pakistan and the Philippines.

More generally, 46 of the least-developed countries in the world will have the fastest-growing populations between now and 2050.

Most of this growth (two-thirds) will be driven by what has already happened – and the youthful structure of the population.

People queue for COVID testing in Beijing, China on 9 November
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China has been the most populous country since records began

Where is the population shrinking?

The world population is growing more slowly than it has in decades due to long periods of low fertility.

More than two-thirds of people live in countries where women have 2.1 children or fewer.

This is roughly the level that would produce zero growth worldwide.

The population of 61 countries will decrease by 1% or more between now and 2050 – either due to decreased birth rates or increased levels of migration.

The war in Ukraine is having a huge impact on its population size – with projections showing it will have lost more than 20% of its population by 2050.

Four other central and eastern European countries – Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania and Serbia – will experience similar population decreases in the next three decades.

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A cow grazes near a damaged house in the village of Arkhanhelske, Kherson region
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Many refugees have fled the war in Ukraine

COVID decreases life expectancy

Overall life expectancy fell from 72.8 before the pandemic in 2019 to 71 last year.

COVID’s impact was not the same for every region, however.

Central and southern Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean were hit the most – with life expectancy decreasing by around three years.

But in Australia and New Zealand, which both shut their borders and pursued a “zero COVID” policy for most of the pandemic, life expectancy increased by 1.2 years due to a decreased risk of dying from other causes during successive lockdowns.

Coronavirus may have resulted in some short-term reductions in pregnancies, but there was no evidence of an overall decline, UN experts said.

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Overpopulation in Nigeria

What’s next?

The global population will continue to grow – to around 8.5 billion people by 2030 and 9.7 billion by 2050.

It will start to peak at around 10.4 billion people in the 2080s and remain at that level until 2100.

After that, trends are uncertain.

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Australia, New Zealand, the rest of Oceania, North Africa and Western Asia will still be growing in population by the end of this century.

But the rest of the world, including Europe and North America, will have reached their peak and started to decline before the year 2100.

Antonio Guterres, the UN secretary-general, said of the eight billion milestone: “This is an occasion to celebrate our diversity, recognise our common humanity and marvel at advancements in health that have extended lifespans and dramatically reduced maternal and child mortality rates.”

But he added: “At the same time, it is a reminder of our shared responsibility to care for our planet and a moment to reflect on where we still fall short of our commitments to one another.”

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UK stops some intelligence sharing with US over boat strikes in Caribbean

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UK stops some intelligence sharing with US over boat strikes in Caribbean

The UK has stopped sharing some intelligence with the US on suspected drug trafficking boats in the Caribbean following concerns over America’s strikes against the vessels.

The US has reported carrying out 14 strikes since September on boats near the Venezuelan coast.

The death toll from the US attacks in the Pacific and the Caribbean Sea has risen to more than 70, as the US escalates a military build-up in the Caribbean Sea.

Downing Street did not deny reporting by CNN that the UK is withholding intelligence from the US to avoid being complicit in US military strikes it believes may breach international law.

Britain, which controls several territories in the Caribbean where it bases intelligence assets, has long assisted the US in identifying vessels suspected of smuggling narcotics based on intelligence gathered in its overseas territories in the region.

The USS Gravely destroyer arrives to dock for military exercises in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago on 26 October (AP Photo/Robert Taylor)
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The USS Gravely destroyer arrives to dock for military exercises in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago on 26 October (AP Photo/Robert Taylor)

That information helped the US Coast Guard locate the ships, seize the drugs and detain their crews, CNN cited sources as saying.

But since the Trump administration started carrying out strikes on alleged drug trafficking boats in early September, UK officials have become concerned their intelligence may be used to acquire targets for the attacks they believe may be illegal.

The intelligence-sharing pause began more than a month ago, CNN reported, quoting sources as saying Britain shares UN’s human rights chief Volker Turk’s assessment that the strikes amount to extrajudicial killing.

The reports could provide an awkward backdrop for a meeting between Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper and her US counterpart Marco Rubio, expected on Wednesday at the G7 foreign ministerial summit in Canada.

A Number 10 spokesman did not deny the move when asked about the pause in intelligence sharing.

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“We don’t comment on security or intelligence matters,” the official said in response to repeated questions.

“The US is our closest partner on defence, security and intelligence, but in line with a long-standing principle, I’m just not going to comment on intelligence matters.”

He added that “decisions on this are a matter for the US” and that “issues around whether or not anything is against international law is a matter for a competent international court, not for governments to determine”.

A Pentagon official told CNN the department “doesn’t talk about intelligence matters”.

On Monday, US secretary of war Pete Hegseth said on X that the previous day, “two lethal kinetic strikes were conducted on two vessels operated by Designated Terrorist Organizations”.

He said: “These vessels were known by our intelligence to be associated with illicit narcotics smuggling, were carrying narcotics, and were transiting along a known narco-trafficking transit route in the Eastern Pacific.

“Both strikes were conducted in international waters and 3 male narco-terrorists were aboard each vessel. All 6 were killed. No U.S. forces were harmed.”

The United Nations human rights chief has described the US strikes on alleged drug dealers off the coast of South America as “unacceptable” and a violation of international human rights law.

Venezuela says they are illegal, amount to murder and are aggression against the sovereign South American nation.

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Hundreds of Russian troops roll into key frontline Ukrainian city ‘Mad Max-style’, video appears to show

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Hundreds of Russian troops roll into key frontline Ukrainian city 'Mad Max-style', video appears to show

Hundreds of Russian troops have pushed deeper into eastern Ukrainian cities ‘Mad Max-style’, video released by the Russians appears to show.

The troops were seen rolling through the fog on motorbikes, with some on the roofs of battered cars and vans, apparently into the city of Pokrovsk, as Russia said its forces had also pressed further into Kupiansk on Tuesday.

Ukraine has acknowledged the presence of the troops on its territory, although Reuters news agency says that when the video was shot is yet to be verified.

The fight to gain hold of Pokrovsk, a strategic point on a large road and rail artery in the Donetsk region, has been raging for well over a year, in Vladimir Putin’s push to gain control of the whole of Ukraine’s industrial east.

Situation on the battlefield
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Situation on the battlefield

The Donbas region comprises the neighbouring regions of Luhansk and Donetsk.

Ukraine’s military said around 300 Russian soldiers were now inside Pokrovsk and that Moscow had intensified efforts to get more troops in over the past few days – using dense fog for cover from drones.

It said Ukrainian forces were fighting Russian groups in the city.

Russian soldiers enter Pokrovsk in this screen grab obtained from a social media video released on 10 November, 2025. Pic: Reuters
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Russian soldiers enter Pokrovsk in this screen grab obtained from a social media video released on 10 November, 2025. Pic: Reuters

Moscow says taking Pokrovsk, dubbed “the gateway to Donetsk” by Russian media, would give it a platform to push north towards the two largest remaining Ukrainian-controlled cities in the Donetsk region – Kramatorsk and Sloviansk.

Posting on X on Tuesday, Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said: “The front: our main focus right now is on the Pokrovsk direction and the Zaporizhzhia region, where the Russians are increasing the number and scale of assaults.

“The situation there remains difficult, in part because of weather conditions that favor the attacks. But we continue to destroy the occupier, and I thank every one of our units, every warrior involved in defending Ukraine’s positions.”

Destruction in Pokrovsk on 1 November. Pic: AP
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Destruction in Pokrovsk on 1 November. Pic: AP

Moscow and Kyiv have given different accounts of the battle for Pokrovsk. Moscow has for days said the city is surrounded, while Kyiv has denied Moscow controls the city and said on Monday that it was still able to supply neighbouring Myrnohrad.

Moscow has been threatening Pokrovsk for more than a year, attempting to surround it and threaten supply lines, rather than use the deadly frontal assaults it used to take the city of Bakhmut in 2023.

Russian war bloggers published a video on Tuesday showing what they said were Russian forces entering Pokrovsk along a road enveloped in fog, in what some Telegram users said looked like scenes from the Mad Max action film series, many of which are set in a post-apocalyptic landscape.

The date of the footage has not been independently verified.

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Satellite image shows armoured vehicles in the eastern Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk, Donetsk region, on 3 November, 2025. Pic: Reuters
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Satellite image shows armoured vehicles in the eastern Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk, Donetsk region, on 3 November, 2025. Pic: Reuters

Russia said it had taken 256 buildings and that Moscow’s forces were actively advancing to the northwest and east of Pokrovsk as well as around the railway station.

Russia has executed a pincer movement around the city and was close to closing it, open-source battlefield maps from both sides show, though Kyiv has counter-attacked around the town of Dobropillia.

Ukraine’s top military commander, Oleksandr Syrskyi, said in an interview with the New York Post that Russia was concentrating some 150,000 troops in a push to capture Pokrovsk, with mechanised groups and marine brigades forming part of this drive.

Russia said its forces had taken full control of the eastern part of Kupiansk in Ukraine’s Kharkiv region. A Russian commander, who gave his call sign as Hunter, said his troops had taken control of an oil depot on the eastern edge of Kupiansk.

In a video statement issued by Russia’s defence ministry, he said his forces had also taken control of a series of train stops along the railway to Kupiansk Vuzlovyi, a settlement around 6km (4 miles) south of the centre of Kupiansk itself.

Russia also said its troops had taken control of the settlement of Novouspenivske in the southeastern Zaporizhzhia region.

Ukraine withdrew from some villages, including Novouspenivske, due to intense attacks involving more than 400 artillery strikes per day, RBC-Ukraine news agency cited a military spokesperson as saying.

Russia’s military says it now controls more than 19% of Ukraine, or some 116,000 square km (44,800 square miles), up from 18% nearly three years ago, according to Ukrainian maps tracking frontline changes.

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Dozens of protesters storm COP30 venue in Brazil

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Dozens of protesters storm COP30 venue in Brazil

Dozens of protesters have forced their way into the COP30 climate summit venue and clashed with security guards at the entrance.

Shouting angrily, the protesters demanded access to the UN compound where thousands of delegates from nations around the world are attending this year’s UN climate summit.

Some waved flags with slogans calling for land rights or carried signs, saying “our land is not for sale”.

An indigenous leader from the Tupinamba community near the lower reaches of the Tapajos River in Brazil told Reuters that they were upset about ongoing development in the forest.

“We can’t eat money,” said Gilmar, who uses only one name.

Security guards pushed the protesters back and used tables to barricade the entrance.

A Reuters witness saw one security guard being rushed away in a wheelchair while clutching his stomach.

Another guard with a fresh cut above his eye told the news agency he had been hit in the head by a heavy drumstick thrown from the crowd. Security confiscated several batons.

The protesters dispersed shortly after the clash.

They had been in a group of hundreds who marched to the venue in the Amazon city of Belem.

Security guards later allowed delegates to exit the venue, having earlier asked them to move back inside until the area was clear.

COP30, which started on 10 November and ends on 21 November, comes at a precarious time for climate action.

The conference has been met with controversy over its location in the Brazilian city, on the outskirts of the Amazon rainforest.

Brazil’s President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva has highlighted Indigenous communities as key players in COP30 negotiations.

Dozens of Indigenous leaders arrived earlier this week by boat to take part in the talks and demand more say in how forests are managed.

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