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Facing a serious challenge from ongoing widespread unrest, Iran’s government is blaming Kurdish separatists for inciting the unrest, an Iranian academic has said.

Protests demanding the overthrow of Iran’s clerical rulers are now in their fourth month, having erupted after the death of Mahsa Amini while in custody of the morality police.

Iran’s attorney general has said the force, which had enforced Iran’s dress code, has since been disbanded.

Ms Amini, who is of Kurdish-Iranian descent, is being held up as a symbol and rallying cry, while the regime’s brutal crackdown has lead to the deaths of more than 470 protesters, according to the activist HRANA news agency.

Grappling with perhaps the greatest threat to its rule in decades, the government has accused foreign nations of inciting the demonstrations.

The regime has also levelled blame at its Kurdish population – much of which is concentrated near the border of Iraq.

A hardline Iranian security official told Reuters: “The Kurdish opposition groups are using Amini’s case as an excuse to reach their decades-long goal of separating Kurdistan from Iran, but they will not succeed.”

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Meanwhile, Iranian state media have called the nationwide protests a “political plot” ignited by Kurdish separatist groups, particularly the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran.

Ms Amini was from the Kurdish city of Saqqez, the first area to witness protests after her death in September.

“For the government it’s useful to say this is Kurdish separatists,” Iranian academic Yassamine Mather says.

She told Sky News: “But the demonstrations I’ve seen online, the slogans that I read don’t point to that.

“On the contrary they seem to emphasise their part in a larger Iran, like they call on people in Baluchestan, in Tehran, in Azerbaijan to support them.

“If you wanted separation, you wouldn’t do that.”

“The protesters see themselves as part of a much bigger Iran protest,” the Oxford University scholar added.

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Will Iran lift its headscarf ban?

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A spark to a raging fire: Inside the Iranian protests
Iran reviewing headscarf ban, official says

‘The whole of Iran rose up’

Samira, 42, is a mother of two teenage boys and lives in Sanandaj city, the regional capital of the Kurdistan region in northwestern Iran.

She told Sky News that her Kurdish roots and being Sunni Muslim means her people have been under oppression for decades.

She added: “We as Kurds want our human rights and have no interest in separating Kurdistan from Iran – in contrast to what the government is promoting.

“It is natural the more they violate our rights, voices for federalism and separation grow.

“But the fact that a Kurdish girl was killed, but the whole of Iran rose up, shows that we as Iranians from any background or tribes are not separate, and we support each other,” she said.

People light a fire during a protest over the death of Mahsa Amini, a woman who died after being arrested by the Islamic republic's "morality police", in Tehran, Iran September 21, 2022. WANA (West Asia News Agency) via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. BEST QUALITY AVAILABLE DUE TO LIGHTING CONDITIONS
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Protesters in Tehran in September

Dr Arshin Adib-Moghaddam, a professor at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London, said the protests are “certainly not primarily sectarian” and involve “every strata of Iranian society”.

He told Sky News: “At the core of Iran, there is an ancient culture, a common historical memory, rites and rituals that are clearly shared.

“Conversely, the Iranian state attempts to rally a weary population around an ideology that denies that ingrained diversity.”

Dr Adib-Moghaddam, author of What Is Iran?, added: “The Iranian state is prudent enough not to sectarianise this conflict and probably realistic enough to understand, that the protests address the recent unwillingness of Iran to reform, and therefore also the idea of the Islamic Republic itself.”

The Iranian government has also accused Kurdish opposition groups based across the border in northern Iraq of inciting the demonstrations and smuggling weapons into the country.

The authorities have not provided evidence for these claims, which Kurdish groups have denied.

Nonetheless, a senior Iranian military official visiting Baghdad last month threatened Iraq with a ground military operation if the Iraqi army does not fortify the countries’ shared border against Kurdish opposition groups.

“We’re being used as a scapegoat,” Khelil Nadri, a spokesman for the Kurdistan Freedom party (PAK) told the Financial Times.

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Why is Zelenskyy bringing a posse of European leaders to the US for peace talks?

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Why is Zelenskyy bringing a posse of European leaders to the US for peace talks?

A posse of European leaders will join the meeting between Donald Trump and Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Washington.

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said she will join the talk “at the request of President Zelenskyy”, adding that she “and other European leaders” will be meeting at the White House on Monday.

Also set to join in are Sir Keir Starmer, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz, France’s Emmanuel Macron, Italy’s Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte and Finnish President Alexander Stubb.

Mr Stubb’s friendship with Mr Trump is said to have blossomed since the pair bonded over their love of golf during a tournament at Mar-a-Lago in March.

Follow the latest developments on the Ukraine war

Donald Trump and Finland's President Alexander Stubb during a golf tournament at Mar-a-Lago. Pic: Finnish Presidential Office/Reuters
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Donald Trump and Finland’s President Alexander Stubb during a golf tournament at Mar-a-Lago. Pic: Finnish Presidential Office/Reuters


Mr Stubb previously said that Mr Trump is “the only person who can broker a peace” deal, saying the US president was “the only one that Putin is afraid of”.

Bringing a gang of leaders along could be an attempt by Mr Zelenskyy to prevent a repeat of the infamous Oval Office showdown with Mr Trump and the vice-president, JD Vance, in February.

Zelenskyy and Trump during their exchange in the Oval Office. Pic: Reuters
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Zelenskyy and Trump during their exchange in the Oval Office. Pic: Reuters

They were set to discuss a potential ceasefire with Russia and a mineral deal between Ukraine and the US, but their meeting descended into chaos when Mr Vance berated Ukraine’s leader for being insufficiently grateful for US help – in front of the media.

He completed his ambush of Mr Zelenskyy by mocking him for not wearing a suit, with Mr Trump adding that the Ukrainian didn’t “have the cards right now with us”.

The disastrous meeting ended with Mr Zelenskyy prematurely leaving the White House. He later said the bust-up was “not good for both sides”.

Analysis: Zelenskyy knows he risks another ambush

Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Donald Trump argued in the White House. Pic: Reuters
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Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Donald Trump argued in the White House. Pic: Reuters

At the US-Russia summit on Friday, Mr Trump (quite literally) rolled out the red carpet for Mr Putin and even let the Russian leader take a ride with him in the presidential limousine dubbed The Beast.

Mr Zelenskyy is set for a less warm welcome, with no red carpet or fly past, no round of applause, according to Sky News’ US correspondent Martha Kelner.

The atmosphere may be more businesslike with European leaders like Mr Stubb in Mr Zelenskyy’s corner, and their inclusion as mediators could help prevent a repeat of the Oval Office clash.

Mr Putin and Mr Trump greet each other on the red carpet in Alaska. Pic: Gavriil Grigorov/Sputnik/Pool/EPA/Shutterstock
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Mr Putin and Mr Trump greet each other on the red carpet in Alaska. Pic: Gavriil Grigorov/Sputnik/Pool/EPA/Shutterstock

Mr Stubb has repeatedly voiced support for Ukraine, and Finland, along with other Nordic countries and the three Baltic states, has been among the country’s staunchest supporters.

The 2022 invasion prompted Finland, which shares a 1,340-km (833-mile) border with Russia, to join NATO two years ago, upending decades of non-alignment.

Read more from Sky News:
Putin ‘demands key regions of Ukraine’
Body language expert unpacks summit

Two days before the Alaska summit, Mr Zelenskyy, Mr Trump and European leaders, including Mr Stubb, were on a conference call, after which the Finnish leader wrote on X: “Excellent meeting with @Potus and European leaders, including @ZelenskyyUA. Aligned views and unity.

“We are working together for a ceasefire and a sustainable peace. We are there for Ukraine every step of the way. The next few days and weeks can be decisive.”

Whether any other European leaders will accompany Mr Zelenskyy will likely be confirmed late Sunday following a conference call between members of the “coalition of the willing”.

Retired French General Dominique Trinquand, a former head of France’s military mission at the United Nations, said European leaders were “very afraid of the Oval Office scene being repeated and so they want to support Mr Zelenskyy to the hilt”.

“It’s a power struggle and a position of strength that might work with Trump,” he added.

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Protesters go on strike in Israel demanding ceasefire and release of Gaza hostages

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Protesters go on strike in Israel demanding ceasefire and release of Gaza hostages

More than 30 people have been arrested in Israel for “disruption of order” as families of hostages held in Gaza step up their campaign with a nationwide strike.

Protestors are demanding the Israel government make a deal to secure the release of hostages held by militants in Gaza.

The campaign escalated on Sunday, with demonstrators staging a “day of stoppage” that blocked traffic and closed businesses.

Protesters gathered at dozens of points throughout Israel, including outside politicians’ homes, military headquarters and on major highways, where they were sprayed with water cannons as they blocked lanes and lit bonfires that cloaked roads in smoke.

Pic: AP
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Pic: AP

Pic: AP
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Pic: AP

Police said they had arrested 32 people as part of the nationwide demonstration – one of the fiercest since the uproar over six hostages found dead in Gaza last September.

The action comes weeks after militant groups released videos of hostages and Israel signalled plans for a new Gaza offensive.

Pic: AP
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Pic: AP

Protesters fear further fighting could endanger the 50 hostages believed to remain in Gaza, only about 20 of whom are thought to be alive.

The demonstrators chanted: “We don’t win a war over the bodies of hostages.”

Pic: AP
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Pic: AP

“Military pressure doesn’t bring hostages back – it only kills them,” former hostage Arbel Yehoud said at a demonstration in Tel Aviv’s Hostage Square.

“The only way to bring them back is through a deal, all at once, without games.”

Anat Angrest, mother of hostage Matan Angrest, added: “Today, we stop everything to save and bring back the hostages and soldiers.

“Today, we stop everything to remember the supreme value of the sanctity of life.

“Today, we stop everything to join hands – right, left, centre and everything in between.”

Protesters in Tel Aviv on Saturday. Pic: AP
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Protesters in Tel Aviv on Saturday. Pic: AP

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has demanded the immediate release of the hostages but is haunted by the potential for mutiny within his coalition.

Far-right members of his cabinet insist they won’t support any deal that allows Hamas to retain power. The last time Israel agreed to a ceasefire that released hostages, they threatened to topple Mr Netanyahu’s government.

Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich branded the stoppage “a bad and harmful campaign that plays into Hamas’ hands, buries the hostages in the tunnels and attempts to get Israel to surrender to its enemies and jeopardise its security and future”.

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Remaining hospitals in Gaza overwhelmed with malnutrition cases

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Remaining hospitals in Gaza overwhelmed with malnutrition cases

Israel silences more crucial reporting voices from inside Gaza

Israel is currently preparing for an invasion of Gaza City and other populated parts of the besieged strip, aimed at destroying Hamas.

The military body that coordinates its humanitarian aid to Gaza said that the supply of tents to the territory would resume.

Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories (COGAT) said it would allow the United Nations to resume importing tents and shelter equipment into Gaza ahead of plans to forcibly evacuate people from combat zones “for their protection”.

Meanwhile in Gaza, the health ministry said two children died on Sunday due to malnutrition-related causes – reportedly bringing the total over the last 24 hours to seven.

Also on Sunday, Israeli airstrikes targeted a power plant in Yemen’s capital of Sanaa.

The action escalates strikes on Iran-backed Houthis, who since the war began have fired missiles at Israel and targeted ships in the Red Sea.

Israel’s military said the strikes targeted energy infrastructure it claimed was being used by the Houthis, and were launched in response to missiles and drones aimed at Israel.

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Zelenskyy knows he risks another Oval Office ambush – but has to be a willing participant in peace talks

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Zelenskyy knows he risks another Oval Office ambush - but has to be a willing participant in peace talks

There will be no red carpet or fly past, no round of applause when Volodymyr Zelenskyy arrives in Washington DC on Monday.

But the bitter memory of his last visit to the White House will feature prominently in the Ukrainian president’s thoughts.

In February, he was mocked for not wearing a suit and told he didn’t “have the cards” by US President Donald Trump, before being walked off the premises early, like an unruly patron being thrown out of the bar.

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Blow-by-blow: Inside Zelenskyy and Trump’s February clash

Zelenskyy knows he is risking another ambush in the Oval Office but has to present himself as a willing participant in peace talks, out of fear of being painted as the obstacle to a resolution.

There was initially measured optimism in Kyiv after Trump’s summit with Russian President Vladimir Putin, because it appeared that no deal had been cut between Washington and the Kremlin without Ukraine in the room, as had been feared.

But that restrained positivity quickly evaporated with the release of a statement by Trump the morning after the night before.

Pic: AP
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Pic: AP

In the heady heights of a meeting with strongman Putin, he seemed to have abandoned the one key thing that European leaders had impressed upon him – that there had to be an unconditional ceasefire in Ukraine as an absolute starting point to a permanent resolution.

Trump had apparently reached the conclusion that no ceasefire was required. “The best way to end the horrific war between Russia and Ukraine… is to go directly to a peace agreement,” is how he put it on his Truth Social media account.

Read more:
Key takeaways from Sky correspondents
Body language expert unpacks the summit

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Trump-Putin summit – The Debrief

That sent shockwaves through Kyiv.

Many there and elsewhere believe Russia has no intention of stopping the war yet, and will use its military advantage on the battlefield to pressure Ukraine in drawn-out negotiations to give up more territory.

In the meantime, the slaughter of Ukrainians will continue.

It is the most dramatic of 180s from Trump, who before the meeting and after lobbying from European leaders had said he would not be happy if Putin failed to agree to a ceasefire, and even promised “severe consequences”.

Yet now reports suggest Trump is giving credence to the Russian position – in a phone call to Zelenskyy he laid out Putin’s proposal that Ukraine relinquishes even more territory, in return for an end to the war.

The Ukrainian president will have, no doubt, been distressed to see the pictures of Putin being greeted like a king on an American military base in Alaska. It is in direct contrast to how he was hosted on US soil.

In Trump’s orbit everything is a personality contest, and where he has very obvious deference to Putin, he has disdain for Zelenskyy. That makes the Ukrainian’s position very difficult.

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