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Microsoft Corp co-founder Bill Gates delivers his speech at the National Assembly on August 16, 2022 in Seoul, South Korea.

Pool | Getty Images News | Getty Images

The idea of becoming a grandparent is emotional for Bill Gates to even write about.

“I started looking at the world through a new lens recently — when my older daughter gave me the incredible news that I’ll become a grandfather next year,” Gates wrote in a letter published overnight on his personal blog, Gates Notes.

Gates’ 26-year-old daughter, Jennifer, and her husband, Nayel Nassar, are expecting their first baby in 2023.

“Simply typing that phrase, ‘I’ll become a grandfather next year,’ makes me emotional,” wrote the 67-year-old billionaire philanthropist, who earned his fortune from co-founding Microsoft in the 1970s. “And the thought gives a new dimension to my work. When I think about the world my grandchild will be born into, I’m more inspired than ever to help everyone’s children and grandchildren have a chance to survive and thrive.”

Gates goes on to summarize the work his namesake philanthropic organization, the Gates Foundation, is doing for children living in global poverty, to improve education, pandemic preparedness, and the fights against polio and AIDS.

Gates also talks about the work he is doing to combat climate change, both through the Gates Foundation by supporting early stage climate companies with his investment firm, Breakthrough Energy Ventures.

Current leaders’ response to climate change will impact future generations, which is the first point Gates makes in the section of his letter where he addresses climate change.

“I can sum up the solution to climate change in two sentences: We need to eliminate global emissions of greenhouse gases by 2050,” Gates writes. “Extreme weather is already causing more suffering, and if we don’t get to net-zero emissions, our grandchildren will grow up in a world that is dramatically worse off.”

Getting to zero will be the hardest thing humans have ever done.

Bill Gates

Co-founder of Microsoft, climate investor

The implications are enormous — and so is the challenge.

“Getting to zero will be the hardest thing humans have ever done,” Gates writes. “We need to revolutionize the entire physical economy — how we make things, move around, produce electricity, grow food, and stay warm and cool — in less than three decades.”

Gates got started in working on climate change when he learned about the struggles of small farmers in countries where his namesake philanthropic organization was doing work. The Gates Foundation funds climate adaptation work, helping people adjust to the implications of a warming world, where there is no profit to be made by a commercial enterprise.

“It starts from the idea that the poorest are suffering the most from climate change, but businesses don’t have a natural incentive to make tools that help them,” Gates writes.

“A seed company can earn profits from, say, a new type of tomato that’s a nicer shade of red and doesn’t bruise easily, but it has no incentive to make better strains of cassava that (a) survive floods and droughts and (b) are cheap enough for the world’s low-income farmers,” Gates writes. “The foundation’s role is to make sure that the poorest benefit from the same innovative skills that benefit richer countries.”

Why poorer countries want rich countries to foot their climate change bill

Not all of Gates’ climate work is philanthropic. Breakthrough Energy Ventures funds early stage companies that are working to build and grow companies to decarbonize various sectors of the economy. Building for-profit companies to address a problem that impacts the well-being of the global population may come across as unsavory from Gates, who already has a fortune to his name — $103.6 billion according to Forbes as of Monday.

But Gates says decarbonizing global industry is too large a problem even for his deep pockets.

“Philanthropy alone can’t eliminate greenhouse gases. Only markets and governments can achieve that kind of pace and scale,” Gates said. Any profits Gates makes on investments he makes in Breakthrough Energy companies will go back into climate work or into the philanthropic foundation, he said.

Plus, if companies working to address climate change can be self-sustaining, that will encourage other investors to put money into them.

“Companies need to be profitable so they can grow, keep running, and prove that there’s a market for their products,” Gates writes. “The profit incentive will attract other innovators, creating competition that will drive down the prices of zero-emissions inventions and have a meaningful impact on emissions from buildings.”

Greenhouse gas emissions still increasing

The bad news is that greenhouse gas emissions are still increasing.

“Unfortunately, on near-term goals, we’re falling short. Between 2021 and 2022, global emissions actually rose from 51 billion tons of carbon equivalents to 52 billion tons,” Gates writes.

On Monday, the secretary-general of the United Nations also underscored the grim reality of the current moment in climate change.

“We are still moving in the wrong direction,” António Guterres said Monday. “The global emissions gap is growing. The 1.5-degree goal is gasping for breath. National climate plans are falling woefully short.”

Despite the bleakness of the current climate moment, Gates is optimistic about the rising investment in decarbonization technologies.

“We’re much further along than I would have predicted a few years ago on getting companies to invest in zero-carbon breakthroughs,” Gates writes.

Public money for climate research and development has gone up by one-third since the 2015 Paris climate accord, and in the United States, laws passed this year will put $500 billion toward moving the U.S. energy infrastructure away from fossil fuel-based sources, according to Gates.

Private money is also going into climate technologies at a good clip. Venture capital firms have put $70 billion in clean energy startups in the past two years, Gates writes.

Watch CNBC's full interview with Breakthrough Energy Founder Bill Gates

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Salesforce CEO confirms 4,000 layoffs ‘because I need less heads’ with AI

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Salesforce CEO confirms 4,000 layoffs ‘because I need less heads' with AI

Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff participates in an interview at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, on Jan. 22, 2025.

Chris Ratcliffe | Bloomberg | Getty Images

Salesforce has cut 4,000 of its customer support roles, CEO Marc Benioff recently said while discussing how artificial intelligence has helped reduce the company headcount.

Benioff revealed the layoffs during an interview published Friday on The Logan Bartlett Show podcast.

“I’ve reduced it from 9,000 heads to about 5,000, because I need less heads,” Benioff said while discussing the impact of AI on Salesforce operations.

Salesforce has been on the front lines of the AI revolution and has built what it calls an “Agentforce” of customer service bots.

“Because of the benefits and efficiencies of Agentforce, we’ve seen the number of support cases we handle decline and we no longer need to actively backfill support engineer roles,” Salesforce said in a statement Tuesday to NBC Bay Area.

The layoffs come after Benioff over the summer announced AI is doing up to 50% of the work at Salesforce, which is based in San Francisco.

Laurie Ruettimann, a human resources consultant, said AI is affecting jobs in several industries.

“There have been layoffs all over America directly attributed to AI,” Ruettimann said, adding anyone who wants to stay employed or looking for work needs to learn new skills.

“If your network could get you a job, it would have done it already. It would have done it yesterday,” Ruettimann said. “It’s on you to expand your vision, to expand your horizons and to meet new people.”

Analyst Ed Zitron said AI is being blamed by tech companies that over hired during the pandemic. The companies are now looking to lure investors by claiming to be more efficient, Zitron said.

“It’s just a growth at all costs mindset,” Zitron said. “The only thing that’s important is growth, even if it ruins people’s lives. Even if it makes the company worse and provides an inferior product.”

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Apple shares rise after judge rules Google can continue preload deals in antitrust case

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Apple shares rise after judge rules Google can continue preload deals in antitrust case

Tim Cook, CEO of Apple Inc., during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference at Apple Park campus in Cupertino, California, on June 9, 2025.

David Paul Morris | Bloomberg | Getty Images

Apple shares rose more than 3% in extended trading Tuesday after a federal judge ruled that Alphabet may continue making payments to preload Google Search onto the iPhone.

Although Apple wasn’t a party in the search monopoly trial, the judge was considering remedies that would bar Google from paying billions per year to Apple to be the default search engine on the Safari browser on iPhones, Macs and iPads.

“Google will not be barred from making payments or offering other consideration to distribution partners for preloading or placement of Google Search, Chrome, or its GenAI products,” Judge Amit Mehta wrote in his decision.

“Cutting off payments from Google almost certainly will impose substantial — in some cases, crippling — downstream harms to distribution partners, related markets, and consumers, which counsels against a broad payment ban,” the decision continued.

The landmark case focused on Google’s dominance of the general search market, Google’s violations of the Sherman Act and the barriers to entry that the search engine erected.

However, the judge said that Google will be barred from entering or maintaining “any exclusive contract” related to preloading its search engine or key apps on devices, specifying that Google can’t bundle its Android services with Google search or condition revenue share agreements on the acceptance of other Google apps or services.

The decision said that Apple’s deal with Google to be the default search engine was “exclusive” because it established Google as the default out-of-the-box search engine.

But while Mehta put restrictions on Google making payments to ensure its products receive exclusive distribution, he fell short of banning those payments entirely, leaving open the possibility that the two companies could strike a new deal. The remedies would limit any revenue-sharing agreement to one year, according to the Department of Justice.

Apple did not immediately respond for a request for comment.

“Now the Court has imposed limits on how we distribute Google services, and will require us to share Search data with rivals,” Google said in a blog post. “We have concerns about how these requirements will impact our users and their privacy, and we’re reviewing the decision closely.”

The U.S. Department of Justice filed its suit against Google in 2020, alleging that Google kept its share of the general search market by erecting strong barriers for challengers, such as its default search deals. The U.S. District Court in Washington ruled last August that Google violated Section 2 of the Sherman Act. Eddy Cue, Apple’s senior vice president of software and services, testified on Google’s behalf about potential remedies.

Tuesday’s filing was the first time the judge had detailed his proposed remedies.

Analysts previously said that it may take years before Apple is forced to make changes in response to a Google suit ruling. Google has said it will appeal the ruling, and analysts say any remedies trial could last for up to two years. Google can also appeal the outcome of the remedies trial, and the Supreme Court can choose take a look at it once appeals are exhausted.

Google CEO Sundar Pichai (L) and Apple CEO Tim Cook (R) listen as U.S. President Joe Biden speaks during a roundtable with American and Indian business leaders in the East Room of the White House on June 23, 2023 in Washington, DC.

Anna Moneymaker | Getty Images

Default agreements

While Google contracts with companies such as Samsung and browser-maker Mozilla to be the default search engine on their platforms, the most important and biggest such “default agreement” deal is with Apple. Google paid all partners $26 billion in total to be the default search engine in 2021, according to documents discussed in court.

Google paid because it funnels traffic from Apple’s 1 billion iPhone users to its search engine, and the revenue is critical for the growth of Apple’s services business, which investors love because it is so much more profitable than hardware sales.

In addition to the licensing payments, Apple says that it uses Google because it’s the best search engine and that its priority is to offer the best tools to its customers.

Apple also has options if it cannot make Google the default search engine. Earlier this year, for example, Apple’s Cue said in court as a witness for Google that the iPhone maker is also considering adding AI search engines as options to its software.

“Cue’s testimony establishes that Google’s high revenue share payments deterred Apple from trying to capture for itself all the advertising rents that flow through the Safari browser’s default search box,” the judge wrote in Tuesday’s filing.

Apple’s revenue from Google is reported in its financials as advertising revenue, which is reported as part of the company’s Services business, which also includes AppleCare warranties, cloud services like iCloud, and digital content like apps and Apple Music.

WATCH: Federal judge rules Google does not have to divest Chrome

Federal judge rules Google does not have to divest Chrome

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Waymo starts testing in Denver, Seattle in bid to expand robotaxi service across U.S.

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Waymo starts testing in Denver, Seattle in bid to expand robotaxi service across U.S.

Waymo partners with Uber to bring robotaxi service to Atlanta and Austin.

Uber Technologies Inc.

Alphabet’s Waymo unit will begin test drives of its robotaxis in Denver and Seattle this week, with humans behind the wheel, the company said Tuesday.

“We will begin driving manually before validating our technology and operations for fully autonomous services in the future,” a company spokesperson said in an email. Waymo announced the tests in blog posts.

The autonomous vehicle venture aims to expand its driverless, ride-hailing service across the U.S. after already launching commercial operations in Austin, Texas, as well as Atlanta, San Francisco, Phoenix and Los Angeles.

In some markets, including Austin and Atlanta, Waymo’s driverless rides can only be hailed through the Uber app. In others, riders must use the company’s stand-alone Waymo One app to book a robotaxi.

Safety drivers, who are employees of Waymo, will man the steering and braking behind the test vehicles in Denver and Seattle. The company is also running similar tests with its robotaxis in New York, having recently obtained permits in the biggest U.S. market.

The company’s test fleet in Denver and in Seattle will include a mix of their fully electric Jaguar iPace and Geely Zeekr AVs.

Waymo told CNBC that it will have up to a dozen cars each in Denver and Seattle to start testing.

Waymo’s primary competition on the global stage is Baidu-owned Apollo Go in China, which operates driverless ride-hailing services across Asia. Meanwhile, Tesla has obtained a permit to operate a ride-hailing business in Texas, and is testing a manned robotaxi service in Austin and another in San Francisco.

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Waymo begins testing self-driving cars with human drivers in New York and Philadelphia

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