Though it might not sound like it, a “bomb cyclone” is a legitimate scientific term, so named because the rapid formation of the storm is like a bomb going off.
Millions of Americans have been warned to brace for a bomb cyclonewith blizzard conditions, wind chills and temperatures plunging as low as -45.6C (-50.1F) – cold enough to get frostbite in less than five minutes.
A bomb cycloneor “weather bomb” is a term used to describe a rapidly deepening area of low pressure.
“More correctly, it should be called explosive cyclogenesis, which is when the central pressure of a low pressure system falls dramatically – by 24 millibars in 24 hours,” Sky News weather presenter Kirsty McCabe said.
“These intense storms bring heavy precipitation and very strong winds. In the US right now, very cold Arctic air is being pulled in, with the freezing weather causing further complications.”
How does a bomb cyclone form?
The sudden change in pressure is due to interactions with a powerful jet stream, McCabe said.
“This is the fast-moving ribbon of air high in the atmosphere that steers our surface low pressure systems around.
“The contrast between cold, Arctic air in the north and warm, tropical air in the south has strengthened the jet stream, which in turn deepened the area of low pressure.”
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Image: Overnight lows from Friday night into Saturday morning (temperatures in Celsius)
Why is it called a bomb cyclone?
Meteorologists have likened the sudden drop in pressure to a bomb going off, using words such as “explosive cyclogenesis” and “bombogenesis” to describe the storm’s formation process.
The term specifically refers to the speed at which a storm forms, Daniel Swain, a climate scientist at the University of California, said.
“It doesn’t necessarily refer to the absolute strength of the storm system,” he said.
Does the UK get bomb cyclones?
The UK has experienced weather bombs, most famously the Great Storm of 1987.
Image: Wrapping up as snow begins to fall in St Louis, Missouri. Pic: AP
How does a bomb cyclone differ from a hurricane?
“All bomb cyclones are not hurricanes,” Mr Swain said. “But sometimes, they can take on characteristics that make them look an awful lot like hurricanes, with very strong winds, heavy precipitation and well-defined eye-like features in the middle.”
Hurricanes tend to form in tropical areas and are powered by warm seas. For this reason, they’re most common in the US in summer or early autumn, when seawater is warmest.
In contrast, bomb cyclones don’t need balmy ocean waters to form.
They can appear over land as well as the sea and are most common between late autumn and early spring, when warm tropical air bumps up against frigid Arctic air.
“They have to occur at a time of year when there is some possibility of both warm and cool air at the same time,” Mr Swain said. It’s the difference in temperature that fuels the drop in pressure.
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US set to suffer its coldest Christmas in more than 40 years
Are bomb cyclones dangerous?
It depends. Sometimes, bomb cyclones behave like conventional winter storms.
But sometimes they produce heavy flooding, blizzard conditions and wind speeds comparable to a Category 1 hurricane.
“Fundamentally, the impacts of a bomb cyclone are not necessarily different from other strong storm systems, except that the fast strengthening is usually a signature of a very powerful storm system,” Mr Swain said.
Much of the danger lies in the fact that bomb cyclones can take people by surprise, he added.
Blue Origin has launched its huge New Glenn rocket with two spacecraft on board destined for Mars, as the firm makes a major step forward in its race against Elon Musk’s SpaceX.
Crowds cheered at Florida’s Cape Canaveral Space Force Station as they watched liftoff, which had been stalled for four days by bad weather, and then on Thursday suffered two further delays.
On board were two identical Mars orbiters, named Escapade, which are now heading to the Red Planet and due to arrive in 2027.
But the firm’s big success was the recovery of the rocket’s reusable first-stage booster, a critical development in the space race with SpaceX. Mr Musk posted his congratulations on X.
Image: On the launchpad, ready for liftoff. Pic: Blue Origin
Image: Blue Origin’s New Glenn rocket launching from Florida on Thursday. Pic: Reuters
Image: Pic: Reuters
It is only the second flight for this new type of rocket, from the company owned by Amazon tycoon, Jeff Bezos.
The rocket headed out over the Atlantic, where it split into its two stages.
This time, staff cheered wildly as the booster landed upright on its platform 375 miles (600km) offshore in the Atlantic Ocean. The company had never managed the feat before with a rocket so large.
Image: Blue Origin staff cheering wildly at their successful touchdown
Image: Rockets fired on the booster to slow it down. Pics: Blue Origin
Image: The booster stage safely landed on a platform 375 miles (600km) offshore in the Atlantic Ocean
The recovery of the booster is an essential step to recycle and slash costs. The feat has already been achieved with such large rockets by SpaceX.
Blue Origin had achieved this with its much smaller models, but if it wants to consistently run science-scale missions for NASA this is an important step.
Image: The huge New Glenn rocket made it safely through Earth’s atmosphere. Pics: Blue Origin
Image: The rocket’s upper stage deployed the two Mars orbiters in space. Pics: Blue Origin
The rocket, named after American astronaut John Glenn, weighs roughly the same as 20 trucks. It can put into space a payload of 45 metric tonnes.
At 98m tall and 7m wide, it is larger than most rockets, but not as big as SpaceX’s Starship nor the Saturn Vs which sent humans to the moon.
Analysis: Space race between billionaires is hotting up
There’s a new space race. And this one is for billionaires.
The rocket company of Amazon founder Jeff Bezos has launched its first two space probes, both of them heading to Mars.
It means the world’s second-richest man is going head-to-head with the wannabe trillionaire Elon Musk.
Jeff Bezos is a long way behind Musk’s SpaceX.
So far, his Blue Origin company has been focused on space tourism with the smaller New Shepard rocket.
Remember Katy Perry singing What A Wonderful World in space? That was on Bezos’s rocket.
But Blue Origin’s second-ever launch of the much bigger New Glenn rocket, with the bragging rights of carrying two NASA spacecraft, means the competition between the two tech bros just got combustible.
Meanwhile, NASA’s Escapade (Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers) mission comprises two identical orbiting spacecraft named Blue and Gold.
The probes intend to study how solar wind interacts with Mars’s magnetic environment and how this impacts the planet’s atmospheric escape.
The wife of British journalist Sami Hamdi, who was held for more than a fortnight by US immigration, has issued a stark warning to football fans travelling to the 2026 World Cup about the risk of being detained.
US officials revoked his visa without warning while on a speaking tour, during which he criticised Israel’s actions in Gaza.
US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) said the tour was cancelled due to security rules and that he was in the country illegally.
Sitting alongside him in an interview for Sky’s The World With Yalda Hakim, Soumaya Hamdi explained her concerns about British people travelling to the US.
Image: Soumaya Hamdi has issued a warning to British football fans ‘who value their freedom of speech’
“I would say to British citizens who value their freedom of speech to be very careful, because you got the World Cup in the United States coming up next year.
“If this could happen to Sami on a valid visa, a British citizen, a registered journalist, then it could very well happen again.”
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Ms Hamdi added she was not happy about how the UK government had handled their case.
“The assistance that we received from the British government… was really very disappointing.
“I think this is really very concerning that the government is not taking more serious action with regards to our closest ally.”
Speaking about his arrest, Mr Hamdi said it had been “quite an aggressive experience”.
“They escorted me outside of the airport, there was this black car, the kind of things you see in the movies,” he said.
“When I asked them ‘Can I call my family to let them know I’m OK?’, a lady from behind grabs me, pushes me on the car, and says, ‘All right, that’s enough. You’re under arrest’.”
He added that, while in detention, he felt there was an attempt to wear him down by restricting access to justice.
“You felt, like, with ICE, it’s a battle of wills. Based on the merits of the case, they can’t actually win, but what they do is they keep delaying you and delaying until you’re just desperate to go home.”
Mr Hamdi, who is Muslim and lives in London, insisted he had complied with all visa conditions and alleged the move was linked to his advocacy for Gaza.
According to Mr Hamdi’s legal team, he accepted an offer to leave the US voluntarily after being charged with visa overstay.
Discussing his treatment while in detention, Mr Hamdi said he noticed a distinct change when news outlets like Sky News became aware of his case.
“They throw you in a cell, you sleep in the foot cuffs. They kept me there with 24 hours until my legs were swollen. When I told the guards, ‘Look, my legs are swollen, visibly swollen’, the guards simply ignored it.
“They only started treating me better when everybody at Sky News and the other media started raising their voices.”
The Trump administration has pursued a sweeping immigration crackdown this year, revoking visas for people accused of supporting terrorism and deporting foreign nationals who have voiced support for Palestinians.
After Mr Hamdi’s arrest, a spokeswoman for the US Department of Homeland Security said his visa had been revoked as “those who support terrorism and undermine American national security will not be allowed to work or visit this country”.
But he told Sky News he strongly disputed the reason for his detention. “On the charge sheet… there was no mention of anything related to terrorism or anything related to what they were saying online,” he said.
“They knew no evidence existed of any of the accusations they were making. And in the end, the deal was about face-saving. I was happy to go home.
“Of course, they get to say that Sami Hamdi ended up leaving America, the case gets closed, and it worked out for both of us.”
The US federal government’s longest-ever shutdown has come to an end after Donald Trump signed off a congressional vote with his presidential approval.
But the president was in no mood to field questions from the media after hailing the long-awaited funding bill, which he signed just hours after thousands of files related to Jeffrey Epstein – in which he was referenced – were released.
Mr Trump has always denied any wrongdoing in relation to the deceased billionaire paedophile, and said in a Truth Social post after their release that the “Jeffrey Epstein hoax” is a “trap” set by Democrats.
His appearance in the Oval Office came after the House of Representatives voted to reopen the government, after the Senate – the upper chamber of Congress – reached a deal on Monday.
The breakthrough came when a handful of Democrat senators rebuffed their party’s leadership – who’d spent weeks pushing for guarantees on healthcare subsidies – and teamed up with Republicans.
The deal then went to the president, who signed it into law.
“It’s a great day,” he declared, as he blamed Democrats for the 43-day shutdown that left federal workers without pay, food aid undelivered, air travel disrupted, and museums closed.
But the big media moment from behind the historic White House Resolute desk was short and sweet – with Mr Trump, unusually, taking no questions from journalists.
Image: The bill will see the federal government funded until 30 January. Pic: AP
What’s in the latest Epstein files?
Democrats on the House Oversight Committee initially published several emails which they said “raises questions about Trump and Epstein’s relationship, Trump’s knowledge of Epstein’s crimes” and the president’s relationship to Epstein’s victims.
White House press secretary, Karoline Leavitt, said the “selectively leaked emails” were an attempt to “create a fake narrative to smear President Trump”. He has consistently denied any involvement or knowledge about Epstein’s sex trafficking operation.
It prompted Republicans to retaliate by releasing more than 20,000 pages from Epstein’s files and accusing Democrats of “cherry-picking” their documents.
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3:19
The Epstein files: The main things you need to know
Epstein took his own life in prison in 2019 following a conviction for soliciting prostitution from a minor, for which he was registered as a sex offender. He was awaiting a trial for sex trafficking charges.
In his Truth Social post, Mr Trump said the release of the latest files were a “deflection” from the shutdown.
Trump and the Epstein questions that will not go away
For years, Trump promised to declassify all Epstein-related files – a pledge positioning him as a truth-teller exposing elite corruption.
Now that others are releasing those materials first, the image that helped return him to the White House takes a hit.
Instead of leading the charge, he’s reacting to it, and among his base, there are many who remain convinced of an Epstein-related cover-up.
Legally, there is nothing new here pointing to liability, but reputationally, this is dangerous terrain for the president.
But he has weathered much worse – his survival often relies on turning scandal into proof of persecution.
That explains why the White House is doubling down on its claim that Democrats are releasing selective documents to the “liberal media” to smear Donald Trump.
The shutdown, which started on 1 October, has disrupted the lives of millions of Americans as all non-essential parts of government have been frozen.
It was the first shutdown in almost seven years.
As he put pen to paper, the president accused the Democrats of an “extortion” attempt over their push for healthcare subsidies – provided under the Affordable Care Act brought in by Barack Obama – to be extended.