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Western nations have failed to agree on a deal to send much-wanted Leopard 2 tanks to Ukraine, despite holding a summit in Germany.

The US and its allies had hoped to convince Berlin to allow the powerful battle tanks to be used by Kyiv to aid in Ukraine’s fightback against Russia.

The UK has already agreed to send 14 Challenger 2 main battle tanks, in the hope of pushing Germany into reciprocating, while Poland has said it is ready to send a number of its Leopard 2s if Berlin, which holds the export licence, agrees.

On Friday, representatives from more than 50 allied nations met at a US air base in Germany for a meeting Ukrainian defence chiefs hoped would finally end the lengthy back-and-forths.

Participants attend the meeting of the 'Ukraine Defense Contact Group' at Ramstein Air Base in Ramstein, Germany, Friday, Jan. 20, 2023. Defense leaders are gathering at Ramstein Air Base in Germany Friday to hammer out future military aid to Ukraine, amid ongoing dissent over who will provide the battle tanks that Ukrainian leaders say they desperately need(AP Photo/Michael Probst)
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Participants attend the meeting at Ramstein Air Base

Kyiv says the tanks will bolster the ability of its armed forces to launch offensive operations against entrenched Russian positions.

But the summit at Ramstein air base ended without an agreement on tanks, despite pleas from Kyiv officials.

Ukraine war latest: West fails to make decision on sending tanks to Ukraine

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As the talks concluded, Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskyy acknowledged Kyiv would have to keep fighting to ensure it has enough heavy armour.

But he said the Ramstein meeting, which instead ended with billions of dollars in commitments, would strengthen Ukraine’s resilience.

Ukrainian Minister of Defense Oleksii Reznikov, left, gestures as he talks to Secretary General of NATO, Jens Stoltenberg, right, prior to the meeting of the 'Ukraine Defense Contact Group' at Ramstein Air Base in Ramstein, Germany, Friday, Jan. 20, 2023.
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Ukrainian Minister of Defense Oleksii Reznikov gestures as he talks to Secretary General of NATO, Jens Stoltenberg

“Yes, we will still have to fight for the delivery of modern tanks, but every day we make it more obvious that there is no alternative to taking a decision about tanks,” he said.

US defence secretary Lloyd Austin, who attended the summit alongside his counterparts from Ukraine and Germany, said Ukraine was well-equipped even without the Leopard 2s.

Read more:
How faster, deadlier tanks could turn the tide in the Ukraine war
Why Ukraine says it needs as many tanks as possible

It announced a package of $2.5bn (£2bn) in military aid ahead of Friday’s talks, including Stryker armoured personnel carriers and more Bradley fighting vehicles.

Sources in Germany have suggested Berlin may change its reluctance to allow Leopard tanks to be sent to Ukraine, if the US sends its Abrams tanks too.

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Defence chief Boris Pistorius – who only took up the job this week after his predecessor was forced to resign – defended his country’s position and insisted Germany did “not fear anything” by allowing the use of Leopard 2s.

“We just have a responsibility for our population in Germany and in Europe and we have to balance all the pros and contras before we decide things like that,” Mr Pistorius said.

Why does Ukraine want Leopard 2 tanks?


Dominic Waghorn - Diplomatic editor

Dominic Waghorn

International Affairs Editor

@DominicWaghorn

The Ukrainians have a lot of tanks, but they’re also T tanks, mainly the T-64 and T-72, which are old and vulnerable to Russian attack. To repel a springtime Russian offensive they need modern battle tanks which are far better protected, faster and more deadly.

The best tank for Ukraine would be the German-made Leopard 2. Tanks are rated on their ability to strike other targets and their resilience from attack.

The Leopard 2 moves fast, has state-of-the-art targeting and is well protected by armour. It is also, crucially, operated by 14 European countries, so spare parts are widely available.

Britain is sending Challengers – a highly capable tank – but the UK can only spare around a dozen of them. Ukraine wants 300 tanks. Experts say if it gets 100 that will be enough to make a difference. Read more here.

Ukraine’s Defence Minister Oleskii Reznikov said on Twitter that he had “a frank discussion” with Mr Pistorius on Friday about the supply of Leopard tanks, adding that the talks would continue.

Top US military officer General Mark Milley, meanwhile, attempted to put on a show of unity.

“I think that over my 43 years in uniform, this is the most unified I’ve ever seen NATO,” declared General Milley.

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In pictures: Prayers and tears as body of Pope Francis moved to St Peter’s Basilica

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In pictures: Prayers and tears as body of Pope Francis moved to St Peter's Basilica

The Vatican has opened St Peter’s Basilica to the public so people can pay their final respects to Pope Francis.

Three days of public mourning will take place before the pontiff’s funeral on Saturday.

The body of Pope Francis was moved to St Peter’s Basilica from the chapel of the Casa Santa Marta earlier on Wednesday.

Here are pictures of the procession to the basilica, where tens of thousands of mourners are expected to file past the open casket over the next three days.

Pope Francis
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The body of Pope Francis was escorted by a procession of solemn cardinals and Swiss Guards

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin into Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican on the day of its translation, as seen from Rome, Italy, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Mohammed Salem TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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Pic: Reuters

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin into Saint Peter's Basilica on the day of its translation, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Claudia Greco TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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Pic: Reuters

A woman reacts at the St. Peter's Square, on the day of the translation of Pope Francis' body and its transfer to Saint Peter's Basilica, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Carlos Barria
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Emotional scenes in St Peter’s Square as the coffin approached the basilica. Pic: Reuters

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin into Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican on the day of its translation, as seen from Rome, Italy, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Mohammed Salem
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Large crowds watched Wednesday’s procession. Pic: Reuters

A Swiss Guard stands as people gather in St Peter's Square on the day of the translation of Pope Francis' body, which will be transported inside the Basilica, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Guglielmo Mangiapane
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A Swiss Guard stands as people watch in St Peter’s Square. Pic: Reuters

A nun cries as the body of Pope Francis is carried into St. Peter's Basilica at the Vatican, Wednesday, April 23, 2025, where he will lie in state for three days. (AP Photo/Emilio Morenatti)
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Pic: AP

People gather in St Peter's Square on the day of the translation of Pope Francis' body, which will be transported inside the Basilica, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Guglielmo Mangiapane
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Pic: Reuters

Swiss guards stand at Arco delle Campane on the day of the translation of Pope Francis' coffin, which will be transported inside the Basilica, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Yara Nardi
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Pic: Reuters

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin into Saint Peter's Basilica, on the day of its translation, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Carlos Barria
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Pic: Reuters

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin into Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican on the day of its translation, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Guglielmo Mangiapane TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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Pic: Reuters

Nuns wait on the day of the translation of Pope Francis' body and its transfer to Saint Peter's Basilica, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Kevin Coombs
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Pic: Reuters

Members of the clergy walk to St. Peter's Basilica on the day of the translation of Pope Francis' body and its transfer to the basilica, as seen from Rome, Italy, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Claudia Greco
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Pic: Reuters

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin into Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican on the day of its translation, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Guglielmo Mangiapane TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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Pic: Reuters

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin into Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican on the day of its translation, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Guglielmo Mangiapane TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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The body of Pope Francis is carried in a coffin into St Peter’s Basilica. Pic: Reuters

Pope Francis' body is carried in a coffin inside Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican on the day of its translation, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Hannah McKay
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Pic: Reuters

A clergy member and Nuns attend the arrival of Pope Francis's coffin at Saint Peter's Basilica, in Vatican City, 23 April 2025. ALESSANDRO DI MEO/Pool via REUTERS TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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Pic: Reuters

The body of Pope Francis is carried into St. Peters Basilica for three days of lying in state, in Vatican City, 23 April 2025. ALESSANDRO DI MEO/Pool via REUTERS
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The procession reaches the final moments in St Peter’s Basilica. Pic: Reuters

Cardinals pay their respects by the coffin containing Pope Francis' body, on the day of the translation of his body, in St. Peter's Basilica at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Yara Nardi
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The wooden casket was perched on a slight ramp with Swiss Guards nearby. Pic: Reuters

A nun reacts at St. Peter's Square, on the day of the translation of Pope Francis' body and its transfer to Saint Peter's Basilica, at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Susana Vera
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Pic: Reuters

A cardinal walks past the coffin of Pope Francis on the day of the translation of his body, in St. Peter's Basilica at the Vatican, April 23, 2025. REUTERS/Hannah McKay TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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Pic: Reuters

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‘Now is our time’: Despite tariffs, China’s Silicon Valley is ready to make its mark on the world

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'Now is our  time': Despite tariffs, China's Silicon Valley is ready to make its mark on the world

The city of Hangzhou is one of the most historic and beautiful in China.

But this ancient place now has the most modern of reputations, as China’s ‘Silicon Valley’.

A vibrant hub for entrepreneurs and high-tech start-ups, Hangzhou is home to headline-grabbing success stories like Alibaba and breakthrough AI firm, DeepSeek.

In the context of escalating competition with America, the world is increasingly paying attention.

Those who are part of the tech scene here brim with enthusiasm.

The city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
Stills from Helen-Ann Smith VT about city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
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Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, has been labelled ‘China’s Silicon Valley’

Over coffee, in an ultra-modern city complex, they describe how exciting this moment feels, not just for their businesses, but for China too.

“We have the talents, we have the environment, and we have the full supply chain, even though we have a challenging environment,” says Grace Zheng, who has worked at the AI glasses creator Looktech since its inception.

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“It’s our time.”

The others laugh and nod. “I agree with it,” says Jia Dou, whose company Wuli Coffee, creates high-tech, automated commercial coffee machines. “And I think it’s our time to show and battle with other foreign countries.”

Grace Zheng works for Looktech, a company which manufactures AI glasses 
Stills from Helen-Ann Smith VT about city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
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Grace Zheng is enthusiastic about the future for China

And is that a battle China could now win, I ask? “Of course,” comes the answer.

They tell stories of how estate agents in Hangzhou dedicated hours of their time for free to find the perfect laboratory space, and how the local government showered them in grants and incentives; so hungry is this city for tech success.

A conversation with tech entrepreneurs in the Chinese city of Hangzhou 
Stills from Helen-Ann Smith VT about city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
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These entrepreneurs in Hangzhou say the city supports a vibrant hub of tech start-ups

“Hangzhou says we’ll provide the sunshine and the water, you go ahead and grow,” explains Zhang Jie.

She is the convenor of this group. An entrepreneur herself and the founder of a thriving ‘incubator’ for start-ups, she has invested in and mentored all the others around the table.

She is passionate, energetic and has a second-to-none understanding of what makes Hangzhou and China’s tech scene so successful.

“In China, we have more than 10 million university and college students graduating. Then we’re talking about at least five to six million engineers with college education background,” she says.

“So with such a large group of young and intelligent people with a good environment, a favourable environment for entrepreneurship, I’m sure there will be even greater companies coming in the future.”

 Zhang Jie runs an incubator to help start-ups in Hangzhou 
 Stills from Helen-Ann Smith VT about city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
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Zhang Jie helps start-ups in Hangzhou, where she says entrepreneurship is able to thrive

Indeed, a combination of light-touch local regulation, (unusual in China more broadly), coupled with one of the most business-oriented and free-thinking universities in the country, Zhejiang University, is viewed by many as the secret sauce in Hangzhou.

Zhang says she has had more young people approach her with business ideas in the last quarter than at any other time before, and she is full of optimism about the current wave.

“They are already companies [in China that will] probably be greater than Apple, right?” She laughs.

And she may well be right.

But there is one name in particular, born and bred in Hangzhou, that has captured the world’s attention in recent months.

When DeepSeek unveiled its latest open-source AI model earlier this year, it stunned the world, claiming to be as good as western competitors for a fraction of the price.

The headquarters of Hangzhou-based AI firm DeepSeek
Stills from Helen-Ann Smith VT about city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
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The Hangzhou HQ of DeepSeek, which has stunned the world with its recent AI advances

Many are now talking about the ‘DeepSeek moment’, a moment that turbocharged confidence within China and made the rest of the world sit up and take notice.

Indeed, successes like this are being lauded by China’s leaders. In February, tech bosses, including DeepSeek’s founder Liang Wenfeng, were invited to a symposium with Xi Jinping and his top team.

Photo ops and handshakes with the president, an abrupt change from the crackdown they faced just a few years ago. In fact, tech is now being positioned as a key pillar in China’s future economy, repeatedly highlighted in official communications.

But what is seen as inspiring innovation in China is viewed by the United States as a threat.

Donald Trump is moving to ramp up restrictions, including more export controls on chips being sold to China.

Read more from Sky News:
What is DeepSeek?
China raises tariffs on US

Businesses in Hangzhou are of course aware of the trade war unfolding around them, many who export to America will take a significant hit, but most think they can cope.

Dr Song Ning is one of them. He proudly shows us his factory, which is integrated with the lab work and R&D side of his business.

His company, Diagens, uses AI to massively speed up medical diagnostics, cutting the time taken to run a chromosomal screening from 30 days to 4. He is also working on a chatbot called WiseDiag which has more advanced medical understanding and can be used by patients.

Inside the factory of Diagens, a Hangzhou-based firm using AI to speed up medical diagnostics
Stills from Helen-Ann Smith VT about city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
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This lab at the firm Diagens is using AI to speed up medical diagnostics

While they are actively seeking business in over 35 foreign countries, for now, the pursuit of American customers is on pause.

“Competition is a good thing… it makes us all stronger,” he says.

Dr Song Ning, a Hangzhou-based entrepreneur, whose businesses Diagens and WiseDiag use AI to improve medical diagnostics 
Stills from Helen-Ann Smith VT about city of Hangzhou, in Zhejiang province, dubbed “China’s Silicon Valley”
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Dr Song Ning believes Donald Trump’s policies will not be able to impede innovation

“I do not think by limiting the scientific and technological progress of China or other countries, Trump will be able to achieve his goal, I think it is a false premise.

“Information is so developed now, each country has very smart people, it will only force us to have more tech innovation.”

While individuals remain defiant, the trade war will still leave a big hole in China’s economy. Tech firms, however advanced, can’t yet fill that gap.

But the innovation here is rapid, and there is no doubt, it will leave its mark on the world.

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Tens of thousands of the faithful to pay their respects to the Pope as he lies in state

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Tens of thousands of the faithful to pay their respects to the Pope as he lies in state

Mourners will be able to view the body of Pope Francis lying in state in St Peter’s Basilica from Wednesday, ahead of his funeral this weekend.

Tens of thousands of people are expected to travel to the Vatican over the next three days to pay their respects to the pontiff, who died on Easter Monday at the age of 88.

After his funeral on Saturday morning (9am UK time) there will be a nine-day period of mourning, known as the “novendiali”, after which the secretive meeting – called the conclave – will begin to elect a new pope.

Pope Francis: Follow the latest

The conclave to choose his successor must start between 5 and 10 May.

The first images of his body were released on Tuesday, showing him in red vestments and his bishop’s mitre in a wooden casket.

SENSITIVE MATERIAL. THIS IMAGE MAY OFFEND OR DISTURB Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Vatican's secretary of state, stands near the body of Pope Francis, placed in an open casket during the rite of the declaration of death in Santa Marta residence at the Vatican, April 21, 2025. Vatican Media/­Handout via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE WAS PROVIDED BY A THIRD PARTY. TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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The Vatican’s secretary of state, Cardinal Pietro Parolin, standing over the body of Pope Francis. Pic: Reuters

The Vatican secretary of state was shown praying over him in the chapel of the Domus Santa Marta hotel where he lived and died.

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Previous popes were entombed in three coffins: the first made of wood, another of lead and a third, again made of wood. But in 2024, Francis changed the rules and said that only one coffin, a wooden one lined in zinc, should be used.

In a break from tradition, he will be buried in the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore (St Mary Major), according to his wishes.

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3D map shows pope’s funeral route

Following the pope’s death, from a stroke and heart failure, world leaders have praised his moral leadership and compassion.

On Tuesday, Sir Keir Starmer described him as “a quite remarkable man, and the work and commitment that he put into fairness over so many years, and globally, I think will be a real lasting legacy”.

Francis leaves behind a more inclusive but also divided Catholic Church

by Barbara Serra, Sky News presenter in Rome

An institution like the Catholic Church, which is more than 2,000 years old and has changed leadership 266 times, is well-versed in managing transition.

But while the steps that follow a pope’s death may be strictly dictated by tradition, the mood is often very different, depending on the pope that is being replaced.

The word Catholic means universal, and it’s a good reminder of the challenge facing any pope – leading a congregation 1.4 billion strong from all over the world, with differing ideas about if and how change should happen, is far from easy.

The global demographics of Catholicism are changing rapidly. Pope Francis was keenly aware of this.

We often talk about him as progressive, but a more accurate term to describe his papacy would be “inclusive”.

Read more from Barbara here

Sir Keir will join a growing list of dignitaries who will attend the funeral on Saturday, including Prince William, French President Emmanuel Macron, Ireland’s prime minister Micheal Martin, Spain’s King Felipe and Queen Letizia, and Donald Trump.

Read more from Sky News:
St Peter’s Square full of smiles
How accurate is Conclave?
What next after the Pope?

Huge numbers have attended the funerals of Pope Francis’s predecessors.

In 2023, around 50,000 people attended the funeral of Benedict XVI, according to the Washington Post. In 2005, around 300,000 went to the funeral of John Paul II.

Once the conclave begins, cardinals vote in secret sessions in the Sistine Chapel.

After voting sessions, the ballots are burned in a special stove. Black smoke indicates that no pope has been elected, while white smoke indicates that the cardinals have chosen the next head of the Catholic Church.

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