Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg considered spinning out Instagram in 2018 on concerns about the rising threat of antitrust litigation against Facebook, according to an email presented Tuesday in a Washington, D.C. courtroom.

During Zuckerberg’s second day of testimony in Meta’s antitrust trial with the Federal Trade Commission, lawyers representing the FTC introduced an email from May 2018, in which Zuckerberg appeared to comment on the possibility of separating the photo-sharing app his company purchased in 2012 for $1 billion.

“And i’m beginning to wonder whether spinning Instagram out is the the only structure that will accomplish a number of important goals,” Zuckerberg wrote in the email. “As calls to break up the big tech companies grow, there is a non-trivial chance that we will be forced to spin out Instagram and perhaps WhatsApp in the next 5-10 years anyway. This is one more factor we should consider.”

Facebook bought Instagram in 2012, when the photo app had 13 employees and Zuckerberg was poised to take his company public in what, at the time, was the largest tech IPO on record. The purchase of Instagram and 2014 acquisition of WhatsApp for $19 billion are at the heart of the blockbuster antitrust trial that kicked off Monday and could last weeks.

The FTC alleges that Meta monopolizes the social networking market, and has argued that the company shouldn’t have been able to complete those acquisitions. The agency is seeking to cleave the apps from Meta as a possible remedy.

Meta disputes the FTC’s allegations and claims the regulator mischaracterizes the competitive landscape and fails to acknowledge a number of rivals like TikTok and Apple’s iMessage, and not merely other apps like Snapchat. Earlier in the trial, the FTC also presented an Oct. 2013 email in which Zuckerberg told other Facebook executives that Snap CEO Evan Spiegel rebuffed his $6 billion offer to buy Snapchat.

Zuckerberg also said in the 2018 email that the company’s “best estimates are that, had Instagram remained independent, it would likely be around the size of Twitter or Snapchat with 300-400 million MAP today, rather than closer to 1 billion.” MAP is short for monthly active people.

WATCH: Mark Zuckerberg takes witness stand on first day of antitrust trial.

Amazon is reaching out to third-party merchants, who account for the majority of products the company sells, to gauge how President Donald Trump’s sweeping tariffs are affecting their businesses.

Members of Amazon’s seller relations team began contacting some U.S. merchants last week, according to an email viewed by CNBC. The email asks how the “current U.S. tariff situation” has impacted sellers’ sourcing and pricing strategies, logistics operations and plans to ship goods into Amazon warehouses.

“I wanted to open a discussion about the current U.S. tariff situation and how it’s affecting our businesses on Amazon, particularly in terms of logistics,” the email says. “As of April 2025, we’re still dealing with the repercussions of various tariff policies, and I believe it’s crucial for us that you share current experiences and strategies.”

Representatives from Amazon didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment on the email, which was reported earlier by The Wall Street Journal.

Companies of all sizes are digesting the impact of Trump’s new tariffs. Earlier this month, the president signed an executive order imposing a far-reaching plan, but within days he reversed course and dropped country-specific tariffs down to a universal 10% rate for all trade partners except China, which faces tariffs of 125%. Stock and bond markets have fluctuated wildly in the past two weeks.

The levies on goods from China could be particularly burdensome for the millions of businesses that rely on Amazon’s third-party marketplace and source many of their products from the world’s second-largest economy. Third-party sellers now account for about 60% of all products sold on Amazon’s website.

Some Amazon sellers told CNBC they plan to hold steady on prices for as long as they can to remain competitive, but that the added cost of the tariffs could ultimately put them out of business if they remain in place.

Amazon CEO Andy Jassy said last week that some sellers may end up passing the cost of tariffs onto consumers in the form of higher prices.

“I understand why, I mean, depending on which country you’re in, you don’t have 50% extra margin that you can play with,” Jassy said Thursday in an interview with CNBC’s Andrew Ross Sorkin.

The tariffs have affected other parts of Amazon’s retail business. Last week, the company began to cancel some direct import orders for products sourced by vendors in China, consultants told CNBC. Some vendors of home goods and kitchen accessory items had products ready for pickup by Amazon at shipping ports, only to learn that their orders were canceled.

Amazon shares are down 18% so far this year, while the Nasdaq has fallen 13%.

WATCH: Trump tariffs mean higher prices, big losses for some Amazon sellers

Dutch digital bank Bunq on Tuesday said it’s filed for broker-dealer registration in the U.S. as it looks to further expand across the Atlantic.

Bunq CEO Ali Niknam said the broker-dealer application will be an initial step toward securing a full banking license. He couldn’t offer a firm timeline for when Bunq will secure this authorization in the U.S. — but said he’s excited for its growth prospects in the country.

Obtaining a broker-dealer license will mean Bunq “can offer our users who have an international footprint — which is the user demography we’re aiming for — a great number of our services,” Niknam told CNBC. Bunq mainly caters for “digital nomads,” individuals who can live and work from anywhere remotely.

Bunq will be able to offer most of its services in the U.S. with the exception of a savings account after securing broker-dealer authorization, Niknam added.

Bunq, which touts itself as a bank for “digital nomads,” currently has a banking license in the European Union. It has applied for an Electronic Money Institution (EMI) in the U.K. Bunq previously had operations in Britain but forced to withdraw from the country in 2020 due to Brexit.

Bunq initially filed for a U.S. Federal bank charter in April 2023. However, it withdrew the application a year later, citing issues between its Dutch regulator and U.S. agencies. The company plans to resubmit its application for a full U.S. banking license later this year.

Niknam said he’s not concerned by the prospect of rates coming down and expects potential declines in interest income to be offset by a “diversified” revenue mix that includes income from paid subscription products, as well as new features. Bunq recently launched a tool that lets users trade stocks.

“This is different in continental Europe to the U.K. We had negative interest rates for long,” Niknam told CNBC. “So as we were growing, actually our cost base was also growing because we had to pay for all the deposits that people deposited a Bunq so I think we’re in a great position in 2025

Bunq is coming up against heaps of competition, especially in the U.S. market. America is already served by established consumer banking giants, including JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo and Citigroup. It’s also home to several major fintech brands, such as Chime and Robinhood.