British semiconductor bosses threaten to move overseas as U.S. and EU splurge on chips
Florence Lo | Reuters
LONDON — The U.K.’s semiconductor industry is crying out for financial support from the government, with insiders warning the country risks losing its microchip firms to the U.S. and other countries if it doesn’t act soon.
Prime Minister Rishi Sunak’s government is yet to announce a strategy outlining U.K. efforts to support the chip industry. And semiconductor bosses in the country are growing frustrated.
Pragmatic Semiconductor, a Cambridge, England-based startup that produces nonsilicon chips, warned it may be forced to relocate overseas if the government doesn’t issue a plan for the industry soon.
“It has to make economic sense for companies like ours to continue to operate and manufacture here, and if there are greater potential economic benefits and governmental support packages abroad, then relocation is the only sensible business decision,” Scott White, CEO of Pragmatic Semiconductor, told CNBC.
Britain is an understated player in the global chip market, specializing in design, intellectual property, research and fabrication of compound semiconductors.
It is also home to one of the most coveted semiconductor-related assets in the form of chip designer Arm. Based in Cambridge, Arm-licensed chips are used in roughly 95% of the world’s smartphones.
Semiconductors, and the mainly East Asia-based supply chain behind them, have become a thorny issue for world governments after a global shortage led to supply problems for major automakers and electronics manufacturers.
The Covid-19 pandemic exposed an overreliance on manufacturers from Taiwan and China for semiconductor components. That dependency has become fraught with tensions between China and Taiwan on the rise.
TSMC, the Taiwanese semiconductor giant, is by far the largest producer of microchips. Its chipmaking prowess is the envy of many developed Western nations, which are taking measures to boost domestic production of chips.
IQE, a microchip firm in the semiconductor “cluster” in Newport, Wales, has also warned it may be forced to relocate to the U.S. or EU if the government does not act in the next six months.
“We would love to stay in the UK and have committed to grow in the UK … but we also have to do what shareholders want and go where the money is,” Americo Lemos, IQE’s CEO, told The Times newspaper.
A government spokesperson told CNBC: “We are committed to supporting the UK’s vitally important semiconductor industry. Our strategy will grow the sector further and make sure we have a resilient supply chain. The strategy will be published as soon as possible.”
In the U.S., President Joe Biden signed into law the CHIPS and Science Act, a $280 billion package that includes $52 billion of funding to boost domestic semiconductor manufacturing.
The EU, meanwhile, has earmarked 43 billion euros ($45.9 billion) for Europe’s semiconductor industry with the aim of producing 20% of the world’s semiconductors by 2030.
China, too, has been forced to revamp its chip strategy after facing strict trade sanctions from the U.S. In December, the country was said to be preparing a more than 1 trillion yuan ($147 billion) package for its chip industry, according to Reuters.
‘Act of national self harm’
U.K. tech industry executives have said the lack of a similar strategy from the government is hurting the country’s competitiveness.
The U.K. likely won’t have the kind of financial firepower to match those bold spending packages, they say. However, they’re hopeful the country will commit to investment in the several millions, tax incentives and an easier immigration process for high-skilled workers.
“Chasing to catch up is not within the spending power of the U.K., not even remotely,” Simon Thomas, CEO of Paragraf, a British firm developing and producing graphene-based electronics, told CNBC.
On Feb. 3, lawmakers on the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) committee called for government action on the semiconductor industry, labeling the lack of a coherent microchip strategy an “act of national self harm.”
The government’s BEIS agency was on Tuesday disbanded and replaced under a shuffle from Sunak.
The business and industrial strategy portfolio now falls under the remit of Kemi Badenoch, minister for a newly formed Department for Business and Trade, while a Department for Science, Innovation and Technology is being headed up by Michelle Donelan.
Sunak became Britain’s third prime minister of the year in October, inheriting a gloomy economic backdrop from his predecessor Liz Truss.
He is under pressure from chip bosses to outline a strategy for the industry — and fast.
Russ Shaw, founder of Tech London Advocates, said the government needed to “step up.” London has been “inordinately distracted by chaos.”
A U.K. semiconductor strategy was expected to come out last year. But it has faced a series of delays due to political instability. The government previously suggested establishing a national institution, among other initiatives, to boost its semiconductor industry.
“The rumors I’ve heard is [it may arrive] any day now,” Chris Ballance, co-founder of U.K. quantum computing startup Oxford Ionics, told CNBC. However, he added the process had been “going on for the last four or five months.”
Correction: Russ Shaw is founder of Tech London Advocates. An earlier version misstated the name of advocacy group.
Intel stock held a sharp hike in pretrading on Monday, after the stock surged on Friday when an analyst predicted the chip giant was nearing a deal to supply Apple in 2027.
Shares in Intel rose 10% on Friday after TF International Securities analyst Ming-Chi Kuo posted on X that he expected Intel to begin shipping its lowest-end M processor to Apple as early as second or third quarter 2027.
He said that his latest industry surveys indicate that “visibility on Intel becoming an advanced-node supplier to Apple has recently improved significantly.”
Intel stock fell 0.59% as of 6.26am ET on Monday in early pretrading.
Kuo added that the timeline of the partnership is contingent on the development process after Intel releases its process design kit — the blueprint from which Apple’s engineers can build the chips — which is expected early 2026.
Apple’s silicon chips for its iPhone, iPad and Mac products are currently supplied by TSMC.
In his post, Kuo played down the potential Intel-Apple partnership’s impact on the Taiwanese chip maker, saying that Apple is expected to remain “highly dependent” on the company’s advanced nodes for the “foreseeable future.”
“In absolute terms, order volumes for the lowest-end M processor are relatively small and virtually no material impact on TSMC’s fundamentals or its technology leadership over the next several years.”
Kuo added a deal with Intel would signal strong support from Apple for the Trump administration’s push for its homegrown companies to manufacture in the U.S.
Neither Intel nor Apple immediately responded to a request for comment from CNBC.
‘If Intel pulls it off, there is potential to win higher volume and value business from Apple’
Intel’s stock has seen a resurgence over the past 12 months after years of decline. Share price fell as low as $17.66 in April, before recovering over the past few months.
“Apple is a potential major reference customer whose presence validates Intel’s high-performance foundry offering,” Paul Markham, investment director at GAM Global Equities, told CNBC.
“If Intel pulls it off, there is potential to win higher volume and value business from Apple, for example CPU production for the iPhone, and win business from other large chip designers.”
Intel has had an up and down relationship with Apple since it first announced the chip giant’s processors would power some products in 2005. The iPhone maker transitioned away from the company’s processors at the start of the 2020s.
Last week Intel was on the subject of a lawsuit filed by TSMC, in which it alleged one of its former senior vice president had leaked “confidential information” to the company. Intel did not immediately respond to CNBC’s request for comment at the time.
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