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Florence Lo | Reuters

LONDON — The U.K.’s semiconductor industry is crying out for financial support from the government, with insiders warning the country risks losing its microchip firms to the U.S. and other countries if it doesn’t act soon.

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak’s government is yet to announce a strategy outlining U.K. efforts to support the chip industry. And semiconductor bosses in the country are growing frustrated.

Pragmatic Semiconductor, a Cambridge, England-based startup that produces nonsilicon chips, warned it may be forced to relocate overseas if the government doesn’t issue a plan for the industry soon.

“It has to make economic sense for companies like ours to continue to operate and manufacture here, and if there are greater potential economic benefits and governmental support packages abroad, then relocation is the only sensible business decision,” Scott White, CEO of Pragmatic Semiconductor, told CNBC.

Britain is an understated player in the global chip market, specializing in design, intellectual property, research and fabrication of compound semiconductors.

It is also home to one of the most coveted semiconductor-related assets in the form of chip designer Arm. Based in Cambridge, Arm-licensed chips are used in roughly 95% of the world’s smartphones.

Semiconductors, and the mainly East Asia-based supply chain behind them, have become a thorny issue for world governments after a global shortage led to supply problems for major automakers and electronics manufacturers.

The Covid-19 pandemic exposed an overreliance on manufacturers from Taiwan and China for semiconductor components. That dependency has become fraught with tensions between China and Taiwan on the rise.

Growing demand for computing and AI bode well for high-end semiconductors, says Patrick Moorhead

TSMC, the Taiwanese semiconductor giant, is by far the largest producer of microchips. Its chipmaking prowess is the envy of many developed Western nations, which are taking measures to boost domestic production of chips.

IQE, a microchip firm in the semiconductor “cluster” in Newport, Wales, has also warned it may be forced to relocate to the U.S. or EU if the government does not act in the next six months.

“We would love to stay in the UK and have committed to grow in the UK … but we also have to do what shareholders want and go where the money is,” Americo Lemos, IQE’s CEO, told The Times newspaper.

A government spokesperson told CNBC: “We are committed to supporting the UK’s vitally important semiconductor industry. Our strategy will grow the sector further and make sure we have a resilient supply chain. The strategy will be published as soon as possible.”

In the U.S., President Joe Biden signed into law the CHIPS and Science Act, a $280 billion package that includes $52 billion of funding to boost domestic semiconductor manufacturing.

The EU, meanwhile, has earmarked 43 billion euros ($45.9 billion) for Europe’s semiconductor industry with the aim of producing 20% of the world’s semiconductors by 2030.

China, too, has been forced to revamp its chip strategy after facing strict trade sanctions from the U.S. In December, the country was said to be preparing a more than 1 trillion yuan ($147 billion) package for its chip industry, according to Reuters.

‘Act of national self harm’

U.K. tech industry executives have said the lack of a similar strategy from the government is hurting the country’s competitiveness.

The U.K. likely won’t have the kind of financial firepower to match those bold spending packages, they say. However, they’re hopeful the country will commit to investment in the several millions, tax incentives and an easier immigration process for high-skilled workers.

“Chasing to catch up is not within the spending power of the U.K., not even remotely,” Simon Thomas, CEO of Paragraf, a British firm developing and producing graphene-based electronics, told CNBC.

On Feb. 3, lawmakers on the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) committee called for government action on the semiconductor industry, labeling the lack of a coherent microchip strategy an “act of national self harm.”

The government’s BEIS agency was on Tuesday disbanded and replaced under a shuffle from Sunak.

The business and industrial strategy portfolio now falls under the remit of Kemi Badenoch, minister for a newly formed Department for Business and Trade, while a Department for Science, Innovation and Technology is being headed up by Michelle Donelan.

Sunak became Britain’s third prime minister of the year in October, inheriting a gloomy economic backdrop from his predecessor Liz Truss.

He is under pressure from chip bosses to outline a strategy for the industry — and fast.

Russ Shaw, founder of Tech London Advocates, said the government needed to “step up.” London has been “inordinately distracted by chaos.”

A U.K. semiconductor strategy was expected to come out last year. But it has faced a series of delays due to political instability. The government previously suggested establishing a national institution, among other initiatives, to boost its semiconductor industry.

“The rumors I’ve heard is [it may arrive] any day now,” Chris Ballance, co-founder of U.K. quantum computing startup Oxford Ionics, told CNBC. However, he added the process had been “going on for the last four or five months.”

Correction: Russ Shaw is founder of Tech London Advocates. An earlier version misstated the name of advocacy group.

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Microsoft confirms performance-based job cuts across departments

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Microsoft confirms performance-based job cuts across departments

Microsoft Chairman and CEO Satya Nadella speaks at a press briefing on the company’s campus in Redmond, Washington, on May 20, 2024.

Jason Redmond | AFP | Getty Images

Microsoft is cutting a small percentage of jobs across departments, based on performance, the company confirmed to CNBC on Wednesday.

“At Microsoft we focus on high-performance talent,” a Microsoft spokesperson said in an email to CNBC on Wednesday. “We are always working on helping people learn and grow. When people are not performing, we take the appropriate action.”

Business Insider reported on the plans late Tuesday.

The job cuts will affect less than 1% of employees, said a person familiar with the matter who asked not to be named in order to discuss private information.

Microsoft had 228,000 employees at the end of June. While the company’s net income margin of nearly 38% is close to its highest since the early 2000s, Microsoft’s stock underperformed its peers last year, rising 12% while the Nasdaq gained 29%.

Microsoft’s latest cuts are slim compared to recent downsizing efforts.

In early 2023, the company laid off 10,000 employees and consolidated leases. In January 2024, three months after completing the $75.4 billion Activision Blizzard acquisition, Microsoft’s gaming unit shed 1,900 jobs to reduce overlap.

As 2025 begins, Microsoft faces a more tenuous relationship with artificial intelligence startup OpenAI, which the company has backed to the tune of over $13 billion. The partnership helped propel Microsoft’s market cap past $3 trillion last year.

Over the summer, Microsoft added OpenAI to its list of competitors. Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella used the phrase “cooperation tension” while discussing the relationship with investors Brad Gerstner and Bill Gurley on a podcast released last month.

Meanwhile, the Microsoft 365 Copilot assistant, which draws on OpenAI technology, has yet to become pervasive in business. Analysts at UBS said in a note last month that they came away from Microsoft’s Ignite conference with the impression that Copilot rollouts “have been a bit slow/underwhelming.”

Microsoft is still touting its growth opportunities. Finance chief Amy Hood said in October that revenue growth from Microsoft’s Azure cloud will speed up in the first half of this year because of greater AI infrastructure capacity.

WATCH: Microsoft plans to spend $80 billion to build out AI this year

Microsoft plans to spend $80 billion to build out AI this year

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Nvidia’s Jensen Huang is ‘dead wrong’ about quantum computers, D-Wave CEO says

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Nvidia's Jensen Huang is 'dead wrong' about quantum computers, D-Wave CEO says

D-Wave CEO responds to Jensen Huang's quantum comments

D-Wave Quantum CEO Alan Baratz said Nvidia’s Jensen Huang is “dead wrong” about quantum computing after comments from the head of the chip giant spooked Wall Street on Wednesday.

Huang was asked Tuesday about Nvidia’s strategy for quantum computing. He said Nvidia could make conventional chips that are needed alongside quantum computing chips, but that those computers would need 1 million times the number of quantum processing units, called qubits, that they currently have.

Getting “very useful quantum computers” to market could take 15 to 30 years, Huang told analysts.

Huang’s remarks sent stocks in the nascent industry slumping, with D-Wave plunging 36% on Wednesday.

“The reason he’s wrong is that we at D-Wave are commercial today,” Baratz told CNBC’s Deirdre Bosa on “The Exchange.” Baratz said companies including Mastercard and Japan’s NTT Docomo “are using our quantum computers today in production to benefit their business operations.”

“Not 30 years from now, not 20 years from now, not 15 years from now,” Baratz said. “But right now today.”

D-Wave’s revenue is still minimal. Sales in the latest quarter fell 27% to $1.9 million from $2.6 million a year earlier.

Quantum computing promises to solve problems that are difficult for current processors, such as decoding encryption, generating random numbers and large-scale simulations. Technologists have been working on it for decades, and companies including Nvidia, Microsoft and IBM are pursuing it today, alongside researchers at startups and universities.

Jensen Huang, co-founder and chief executive officer of Nvidia Corp., speaks while holding a Project Digits computer during the 2025 CES event in Las Vegas, Nevada, US, on Monday, Jan. 6, 2025. Huang announced a raft of new chips, software and services, aiming to stay at the forefront of artificial intelligence computing. Photographer: Bridget Bennett/Bloomberg via Getty Images

Bloomberg | Bloomberg | Getty Images

D-Wave was among a number of companies that enjoyed a revival of interest from investors in December, when Google announced a breakthrough in its own research. Google said it had completed a 100 qubit chip, the second of six steps in its strategy to build a quantum system with 1 million qubits.

D-Wave shares soared 178% in December after popping 185% the month prior. Quantum company Rigetti Computing, which plummeted 45% on Wednesday, quintupled in value last month. IonQ dropped 39% on Wednesday. The stock rose 14% in December following a 143% rally in November.

Baratz acknowledged that one approach to quantum computing, called gate-based, may be decades away. But he said uses an annealing approach, which can be deployed now.

While Huang’s “comments may not be totally off-base for gate model quantum computers, well, they are 100% off base for annealing quantum computers,” Baratz said.

Nvidia declined to comment.

Even after Wednesday’s slide, D-Wave shares are up about 600% in the last year, giving the company a market cap of $1.6 billion.

Quantum computing has also been boosted by investor interest in artificial intelligence, the technology that’s led to surging demand for Nvidia’s graphics processing units, which use conventional transistors instead of qubits. Nvidia’s market cap has increased by 168% in the past year to $3.4 trillion.

Baratz said D-Wave systems can solve problems beyond the capabilities of the fastest Nvidia-equipped systems.

“l’ll be happy to meet with Jensen any time, any place, to help fill in these gaps for him,” Baratz said.

WATCH: D-Wave CEO responds to Huang’s comments

D-Wave CEO responds to Jensen Huang's quantum comments

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EBay shares soar after Meta allows listings on Facebook Marketplace in U.S., Europe

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EBay shares soar after Meta allows listings on Facebook Marketplace in U.S., Europe

A sign is posted in front of the eBay headquarters in San Jose, California.

Justin Sullivan | Getty Images

Shares of eBay soared 8% Wednesday as Meta said it will allow some listings to show up on Facebook Marketplace, its popular platform connecting consumers for local item pickups and more.

EBay stock reached its highest level since November 2021.

The rollout will begin with a test in Germany, France and the United States, where buyers will be able to view listings directly on Marketplace and complete the rest of their transactions on eBay, Meta said in a release.

The partnership could provide a boost to eBay’s marketplace business, which has struggled to compete with e-commerce rivals like Amazon, Walmart, Temu and even Facebook’s own marketplace platform that lets users buy and sell items.

EBay has recently embraced niche categories like collectibles and luxury goods to try and keep buyers and sellers returning to its site. CEO Jamie Iannone told CNBC in an October interview that shoppers were coming to the site, known for its used and refurbished goods, as they sought out discounts amid a rocky macroeconomic environment.

Meta’s move is an attempt to appease the European Commission, the executive body of the European Union, after the regulator fined the company 797 million euros ($821 million) in November for tying its Marketplace product to the main Facebook app.

Read more CNBC tech news

At the time, the Commission said that Meta’s bundling of Marketplace with Facebook could mean competitors are effectively “foreclosed” given the distribution reach of the platform. Facebook counts more than 3 billion users globally.

The Commission also said that Meta imposes “unfair trading conditions” on other online classified ads service providers who advertise on its platforms, especially Facebook and Instagram. It added that these conditions allow Meta to use data generated from other advertisers to benefit Marketplace.

Meta appealed the ruling at the time, saying that it “ignores the realities of the thriving European market for online classified listing services.”

“While we disagree with and continue to appeal the European Commission’s decision on Facebook Marketplace, we are working quickly and constructively to build a solution which addresses the points raised,” the company said Wednesday.

EBay touted its integration with Facebook Marketplace as a way for the e-commerce site to “increase exposure to our sellers’ listings, on and off eBay, as part of our strategy to engage buyers and deepen customer loyalty.”

Facebook in 2023 announced a similar partnership with Amazon that lets users browse and purchase products without leaving the app.

WATCH: Will AI stocks push higher in 2025? Nvidia investor shares his outlook

CNBC Pro Talks: Will AI stocks push higher in 2025? Nvidia investor shares his outlook

Additional reporting by CNBC’s Annie Palmer.

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