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BAE Systems, the UK’s biggest engineering company, has enjoyed a record year for new orders as western governments stepped up defence spending in response to Russia’s attack on Ukraine..

Britain’s premier defence contractor saw a record order intake of £37.1bn – taking its order backlog to £58.9bn.

BAE, whose current work includes building type 26 frigates for the Royal Navy, making electronic warfare systems for the F-35 jet fighter and making the Beowulf unarmoured all-terrain vehicle for the US Army, said it was expecting order growth this year to be better still.

Underlying operating profits for 2022 came in at £2.5bn – up 12.5% on 2021 – as top line sales grew by 4.4% to £23.3bn.

BAE, one of the biggest suppliers to the US Pentagon, also enjoyed a tailwind from the strength of the US dollar against the pound.

The results allowed the company to raise its dividend to shareholders for the 19th consecutive year.

But it was that big increase in the size of the order book that really caught the eye.

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The biggest portion of the new orders came in air, driven by new orders from Saudi Arabia and for MBDA, the European missiles systems business in which BAE is a partner.

The tanks will be able to automatically launch a counter-explosive at incoming anti-tank missiles. Pic: BAE Systems
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Pic: BAE Systems

Maritime, driven by orders for the type 26 frigate and the UK’s dreadnought submarine programme, also contributed a big chunk of new business.

However, the other three key product and service areas – electronic systems, platforms and services and cyber and intelligence – all enjoyed growth in new orders as well.

The latter, while still the smallest part of BAE in terms of sales and profits, is among its most profitable businesses in terms of returns.

‘Tremendous potential ahead’

Charles Woodburn, the chief executive, said: “This is just the start. I still see tremendous potential ahead. We are investing in the business to support the future. We have leading technology solutions for our customers.”

He said BAE’s diverse geographic footprint, its deep customer relationships in the US, Europe and the Middle East and the multi-year nature of many contracts would create numerous opportunities in the future.

Mr Woodburn said it was not widely enough appreciated that BAE’s ability to export from the US, UK, Australia and Sweden meant it was “uniquely well equipped” to compete in multiple markets.

Re-equipping ammo stocks amid Ukraine war

He highlighted the urgent need to re-equip armed forces with ammunition – much of which has been diverted to Ukraine by its western allies – as one area where BAE’s strengths would stand it in good stead.

Read more: War in Ukraine helps boost earnings outlook at BAE Systems

BAE, which has two major Swedish subsidiaries in Hagglunds and Bofors, is also seen as a potential beneficiary if Sweden and Finland’s applications to join NATO are approved and the two countries raise defence spending accordingly.

Interestingly, while some of the sales growth is coming from BAE passing on inflation to customers, the vast majority comes from actually growing sales.

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Nov 2022: MD of BAE Systems’ naval ships business, speaks on Ian King Live

Only around a third of contracts are linked to the rate of inflation – a headwind that Mr Woodburn said BAE was increasingly comfortable with managing.

Cognisant of past criticisms of BAE for being too heavily dependent on Saudi defence orders, Mr Woodburn also stressed that no one programme represents more than 10% of group revenues.

UK-Australia security pact

Disappointingly, though, there was little news around the potential benefits for BAE from AUKUS, the new security pact between Australia, the UK and the US, which was announced 18 months ago.

Mr Woodburn said there was little he could say publicly but pointed to some work already being done around submarines – Australia’s decision to switch from French-made to British-made submarines created fury in Paris – cyber security and quantum computing.

The governments of the three countries are due to provide an update next month on the agreement and Mr Woodburn said he had no reason to think that would not be delivered.

There was, though, an update on the work BAE is doing as the lead contractor in the future combat air system programme, aimed at building Tempest, the sixth-generation jet fighter.

The project recently won a boost as Japan joined the Anglo-Italian programme. The company said work was progressing well and reiterated – as was announced before Christmas – that there are plans for the UK to lead the development of a new flying combat air demonstrator set to fly within the next five years.

The overall picture is one of a business that is diversified both in terms of its geographic footprint, customer base and its products and services.

Crucially, a major criticism often levelled at BAE in the past – that it fails to generate enough cash from its activities – also appears to be being addressed.

Shares of BAE, which with an increase of 48% have been the best performer in the FTSE 100 over the last 12 months, fell by just over 1% having hit an all-time high on Wednesday evening.

Rolls-Royce

Rolls-Royce takes City by surprise

Elsewhere, another of the UK’s big prestige engineering companies, Rolls-Royce, was taking the City by surprise with appreciably better results than expected.

The aircraft engine maker reported an underlying operating profit for 2022 of £652m – up 57% on 2021 – thanks to a better performance in its civil aerospace and power systems operations.

The shares were ahead by as much as 20% at one stage as investors digested not only this news but guidance that the company is expecting operating profits of £800m-£1bn for 2023.

Tufan Erginbilgic, the new chief executive, said Rolls had benefitted from a 35% increase in flying hours for its engines and highlighted new large engine orders received from Malaysia Aviation Group, Norse Atlantic Airways and Qantas.

He said Rolls was assuming large engine flying hours this year would come in at 80-90% of the 2019 level.

Underperforming for extended period

However, in his assessment or the company’s prospects, Mr Erginbilgic – a former BP executive who succeeded the long-running Warren East at the start of the year – pulled no punches.

He said Rolls had been underperforming for an extended period.

He added: “This is not just a COVID issue. Cash generation is unsatisfactory and our debt is too high.”

Mr Erginbilgic said too much of the company’s resources were simply covering its costs and interest payments and stifling its ability to invest.

He said it had a relatively high fixed cost base and lower profit margins than its rivals: “In the last five years, even excluding the COVID year of 2020, we have averaged a return on capital employed of just 3.5%.”

Arguing that Rolls had in the past lacked strategic clarity and tried to keep too many options open, he added: “I believe we have the potential to be a much higher quality and much more competitive company.

“We must only invest in new technologies where we are differentiated, where the market opportunity is sufficiently large and where there are synergies with our existing operations.”

‘Monumental uncertainties’

It will be tempting to suggest that, with massive demand still pent-up for flying, a strong 2023 for Rolls is all but guaranteed.

But Mr Erginbilgic warned there were “monumental uncertainties and challenges” in the guidance he was offering for the year, including inflation, potential supply chain disruption, interest rate rises and possible recessions around the world.

Investors also have other questions.

One is that, with civil aerospace set to continue growing in 2023, how easily they will be able to discern how well Rolls has done due to its own self-help measures – as opposed to just a general improvement in market conditions.

Looming redundancies but good potential to generate cash

Another is that with big a round of redundancies looming, Rolls may lose some people it would rather hang onto, due to the tight labour market.

Mr Erginbilgic said: “When we engage with our people, they are very excited about the future. Who doesn’t want to work for a successful company? And who wants to work for an underperforming company? Everybody has a role and we need to mobilise the whole workforce.

“Starting with clarity, why we need to change, and a very clear strategy, everybody knows their role.”

Rolls also still has net debt of £3.3bn and there is a degree of scepticism among investors that the company will be able to get that down by self-help measures and increased cash generation rather than by a sale of new shares.

This business, if it is managed the right way, has good potential to generate cash.

“We are already into our performance improvement agenda. We are looking to drive performance improvement as we speak. There is a huge sense of urgency there. Strategic clarity will follow that and then we will combine the two. Both of them will come together.”

After the near-death experience that the company went through during the pandemic, that will be music to the ears not only of investors but also the government, which is looking to Rolls to play a key role in the energy transition with the delivery of small modular nuclear reactors.

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Starmer throws down gauntlet to watchdogs with growth edict

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Starmer throws down gauntlet to watchdogs with growth edict

Sir Keir Starmer has ordered Britain’s key watchdogs to remove barriers to growth in a bid to kickstart Britain’s sluggish economy.

Sky News has learnt that the prime minister wrote to more than ten regulators – including Ofgem, Ofwat, the Financial Conduct Authority and the Competition and Markets Authority – on Christmas Eve to demand they submit a range of pro-growth initiatives to Downing Street by the middle of January.

One recipient of the letter, which was also signed by Rachel Reeves, the chancellor, and Jonathan Reynolds, the business secretary, said it was unambiguous in its direction to regulators to prioritise growth and investment.

Ofcom, the Environment Agency and healthcare regulators are also all understood to have been sent it.

It comes after a torrid first few months in office for the PM, who has been forced onto the back foot by a series of damaging sleaze rows and turbulent policymaking.

October’s budget, which involved pledges to raise taxes by tens of billions of pounds, triggered a bruising backlash from the private sector, with bosses in a string of sectors warning that it will fuel inflation and cause job losses and business closures.

One regulatory source said this weekend that the letter to watchdogs and a wider drive for regulatory reform emanating from Downing Street were the brainchild of Varun Chandra, the PM’s special adviser on business and investment.

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Sir Keir’s letter is understood to have referred to a need for every government department and regulator to support growth, and called on each recipient to submit five ideas for delivering that mandate by 16 January.

The letter also urged regulators to identify how the government could remove barriers to economic growth and where regulatory objectives were either conflicting or confused.

Mr Chandra is said by government insiders to have ruffled feathers in Whitehall since his appointment shortly after Labour’s massive general election victory in July.

A former managing partner at Hakluyt, the strategic advisory firm, Mr Chandra has been “relentlessly” emphasising the urgency of transforming business sentiment to drive growth, according to one Whitehall source.

The insider added that the letter to watchdogs was expected to be the first step in a broader programme of supply-side reforms to be overseen by Downing Street during the coming months.

Most of Britain’s economic regulators already have a Growth Duty enshrined in their statute, having come into effect in March 2017 under the Deregulation Act of two years earlier.

The push for watchdogs to have greater regard for economic competitiveness has already triggered a series of flashpoints, most notably in the financial services industry, where ministers have clashed with FCA officials over a number of policy areas.

Sir Keir has already signalled his aim of removing red tape, telling the government’s flagship International Investment Summit in the autumn: “The key test for me on regulation is of course growth.

“We’ve got to look at regulation across the piece, and where it is needlessly holding back the investment we need to take our country forward.

“Where it is stopping us building the homes, the data centres, the warehouses, grid connectors, roads, trainlines, then mark my words – we will get rid of it.”

On Saturday, a government spokesman declined to comment on the contents of the letter to regulators but said: “Our Plan for Change will drive economic growth right across the country, putting more money in people’s pockets.

“Regulating for growth instead of just risk is essential to that mission, ensuring that regulation does not unnecessarily hold back investment and good jobs in the UK.”

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Searchlight shines on £140m funding package for insurer Wefox

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Searchlight shines on £140m funding package for insurer Wefox

Searchlight Capital Partners, the private equity firm which has backed companies including Secret Escapes, is to lead a new funding package for Wefox, the European insurance company, that could be worth up to €170m (£141m).

Sky News has learnt that Searchlight has effectively proposed stepping in to refinance Wefox’s existing bank debt as the group seeks to avoid a fire-sale of its most prized assets.

Banking sources said a deal was close to being struck with Searchlight, which would be accompanied by an equity raise of between €80m (£66.5m) and €100m (£83.1m).

Last month, Sky News revealed that existing shareholders in Wefox, which operates across a swathe of European markets, were preparing to back a fresh cash call.

This group is understood to be led by Chrysalis, the London-listed investor in companies such as Klarna and Starling Bank, and Target Global.

One banker said that if completed, the wider refinancing deal involving Searchlight could be announced as soon as next month.

The share sale has been designed to allow Wefox to avert a sale of TAF, one of its prized subsidiaries.

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It said earlier this month that it had reached an agreement to sell its insurance carrier arm to a group of Swiss companies led by BERAG, an independent provider of pension services.

Wefox is also backed by prominent investors including the Abu Dhabi state fund Mubadala.

The company has twice this year warned that it faced running out of money within months.

It has been ravaged by losses in a number of its key markets including Italy, although its operations in the Netherlands remain profitable.

The company was valued at $4.5bn (£3.6bn) in a funding round less than two years ago and counts Barclays and JP Morgan among its lenders.

It is now valued at far less than the $1bn (£796m) needed to preserve its status as a tech unicorn.

Earlier this year, the company bought itself time by raising roughly €20m (£16.6m) from existing investors, while it has also sold Assona, a subsidiary which offers insurance cover for electric bikes.

Founded in 2015, Wefox sells insurance products through in-house and external insurance brokers, and has frequently boasted of its ambition of revolutionising the insurance industry through the use of technology.

It has more than 2 million customers across its business.

In July 2022, Wefox raised a $400m (£318m) Series D funding round valuing it at $4.5bn (£3.6bn), making it one of the largest fintechs in Europe.

That followed a $650m round in May 2021 valuing it at $3bn, reflecting the frothy appetite of investors to back scale-ups regarded as having the potential to become global competitors of genuine scale.

Neither Wefox nor Searchlight could be reached for comment.

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In a time of change Sky News spent a critical year on a farm – find out what we learnt

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In a time of change Sky News spent a critical year on a farm - find out what we learnt

Many months before farmers found themselves on the front pages of newspapers, after protesting in Whitehall against the new government’s inheritance tax rules, we at Sky News embarked upon a project.

Most of our reports are relatively short affairs, recorded and edited for the evening news. We capture snapshots of life in households, businesses and communities around the country. But this year we undertook to do something different: to spend a year covering the story of a family farm.

We had no inkling, at the time, that farming would become a front-page story. But even back in January, 2024 was shaping up to be a critical year for the sector. This, after all, was the year the new post-Brexit regime for farm payments would come into full force. Having depended on subsidies each year for simply farming a given acreage of land, farmers were now being asked to commit to different schemes focused less on food than on environmental goals.

This was also the first full year of the new trade deals with New Zealand and Australia. The upshot of these deals is that UK farmers are now competing with two of the world’s major food exporters, who can export more into Britain than they do currently.

You can watch the Sky News special report, The Last Straw, on Sky News at 9pm on Friday

Read more
How climate change and red tape could be jeopardising UK access to affordable food
Rhetoric rises in farmer inheritance tax row – with neither side seemingly prepared to budge

On top of this, the winter that just passed was a particularly tough one, especially for arable farmers. Cold, wet and unpredictable – even more so than the usual British weather. It promised to be a challenging year for growing.

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With all of this in mind, we set out to document what a year like this actually felt like for a farm – in this case Lower Drayton Farm in Staffordshire. In some respects, this mixed farm is quite typical for parts of the UK – they rear livestock and grow wheat, as well as subcontracting some of their fields to potato and carrot growers.

A look at farming reimagined

But in other respects, the two generations of the Bower family here, Ray and Richard, are doing something unusual. Seeing the precipitous falls in income from growing food in recent years, they are trying to reimagine what farming in the 21st century might look like. And in their case, that means building a play centre for children and what might be classified as “agritourism” activities alongside them.

The Bower family
Image:
The Bower family

The upshot is that while much of their day-to-day work is still traditional farming, an increasing share of their income comes from non-food activity. It underlines a broader point: across the country, farmers are being asked to do unfamiliar things to make ends meet. Some, like the Bowers, are embracing that change; others are struggling to adapt. But with more wet years expected ahead and more changes due in government support, the coming years could be a continuing roller coaster for British farming.

With that in mind, I’d encourage you to watch our film of this year through the lens of this farm. It is, we hope, a fascinating, nuanced insight of life on the land.

You can watch the Sky News special report, The Last Straw, on Sky News at 9pm on Friday

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