“I didn’t picture being like this at 20 years old,” says Musa as his doctor wheels him into a room in a West Midlands hospital. “I don’t know how I’ll live if the outcome is I can’t walk properly again.”
Only a matter of weeks ago, Musa, not his real name, was carefree, having fun with his friends and thinking about his future. Now, he’s facing the potentially life-changing consequences of his nitrous oxide habit.
Nitrous oxide, more commonly known as “laughing gas” or “nos”, can give users a 30-second high that makes them feel dizzy and lightweight, but the gas is no laughing matter.
Amid reports from doctors of a spike in hospitalisations, the government is now considering stricter regulations around the use and sale of the gas.
Nitrous oxide is used legitimately in hospitals, dentists and professional kitchens but supplying it for its psychoactive effects is illegal.
Suppliers can get fined and receive up to seven years in prison, but only four people have been held in relation to nitrous oxide in the West Midlands since the Psychoactive Substances Act was passed in 2016.
Musa was rushed to hospital after he woke up in the night to go to the toilet and fell to the floor. He couldn’t get back up again because he’d lost feeling in his legs and feet.
In the weeks before, Musa was consuming multiple large canisters of nitrous oxide, almost on a daily basis.
His MRI scan shows he’s developed a spinal cord abnormality, and doctors can’t yet tell when or to what extent this will repair.
“This could be a permanent thing. It’s messed up my life. I’ve got dreams and ambitions,” Musa says, anxiously rubbing his knuckles.
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Image: The government is considering stricter regulation around the sale and use of nitrous oxide
According to Musa, buying laughing gas canisters from corner shops is as easy as buying a loaf of bread. Residents in his neighbourhood told Sky News they had seen school-age children hanging around outside these shops breathing in the toxic gas.
So, Sky News went undercover to investigate just how easy it is to buy.
We were given a list of shops that had already been reported to West Midlands Police as suspected of selling nitrous oxide.
Our reporter walked up to the counter of the first shop and asked for a canister. The woman replied, “Yes, which one? The big one?”.
She leaned down to pick up a canister bigger than a hairspray can from below the counter, popped it in a shopping bag, and offered a receipt for our £30 purchase.
Image: The shop assistant puts a nitrous oxide canister in our bag
Image: The Sky News team is led out the back of the shop to a stock of canisters
The next shop we entered took us through a door in the back to their stack of nitrous oxide canisters. They asked us to hand them our rucksack and they put the canister inside, no questions asked.
The shops didn’t ask how old we were or what we intended to do with the nitrous oxide, every shop added in a packet of party balloons which are commonly used to inhale the gas.
Dr David Nicholl, the clinical lead for neurology at Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, says he sees dozens of patients aged 16-24 years old admitted to his ward every month for nitrous oxide abuse.
He says this is a huge rise from previous years and claims admissions have increased since large canister brands began to flood the market in 2021.
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While laughing gas is legal, it’s illegal to sell it knowingly for recreational use.
That rise is echoed in other cities. Data provided by the London Ambulance Service show that 999 calls for incidents relating to nitrous oxide more than tripled in a year, with 65 calls recorded in 2021, and 213 in 2022, up from 36 calls in 2018.
These patients can suffer from a range of problems, from loss of mobility to mental health issues and sexual dysfunction. Two nitrous oxide patients have even had to have drains inserted into their brains to save their eyesight.
In very severe cases the consequences can be deadly, with nitrous oxide related to the deaths of 62 people since 2001.
“Maybe once every five or six years, I’ll see a patient who’s had a stroke from taking cocaine. Yet, every week, I’m seeing this in my ward. So from my point of view, this is actually a bigger problem,” he said.
Dr Nicholl is aware of the easy availability of toxic gas in corner shops, and would like to see tougher policing of suppliers.
Minister for policing, Chris Philp, has called on the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs to provide advice on tackling nitrous oxide abuse by the end of February.
“It shouldn’t be legal, definitely not,” Musa says. “There’s been times I’ve been in a car with a balloon bigger than the size of my head.”
But some think a clamp down on nitrous oxide use is unwise.
Harry Sumnall, a professor in substance use at Liverpool John Moores University said: “Drug laws are a blunt instrument and are not an effective health improvement tool for users.
“Criminalisation actually poses the risk that users could be diverted to other substances, and if it becomes illegal they might be encouraged to buy from the dark web.
“There are more than 600,000 nitrous oxide users in the UK, and most people, if they are using it, are going to be using it a few times a year, at really low levels of risk.”
Image: Sky News tried to buy laughing gas at corner shops as part of our investigation
Since we last spoke to him, Musa has been discharged from hospital. He went home on crutches, still uncertain whether he will be able to walk properly again.
The government has given itself till the end of this month to start working on a solution, but any action it might take will come too late for people like Musa.
Three prison officers have been attacked by the brother of the Manchester Arena bomber.
The Prison Officers Association (POA) said 28-year-old Hashem Abedi – the brother of Salman Abedi – threw hot cooking oil over the guards before stabbing them with homemade weapons.
He was sentenced in 2020 to at least 55 years in prison after being found guilty of 22 counts of murder over the 2017 atrocity.
The three officers were taken to hospital after the attack at category A Frankland prison, in County Durham, shortly before 11am on Saturday.
Image: Salman Abedi killed 22 innocent people
A female officer is understood to have now been discharged.
The POA said they suffered “life-threatening injuries” including burns, scalds and stab wounds.
Justice Secretary Shabana Mahmood said on X: “I am appalled by the attack of three brave officers at HMP Frankland today. My thoughts are with them and their families.
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“The police are now investigating. I will be pushing for the strongest possible punishment. Violence against our staff will never be tolerated.”
The POA said the attack happened in a separation centre, a small unit sometimes referred to as a “prison within a prison”, usually used to house dangerous prisoners and those deemed a risk of radicalising other inmates.
The union’s national chair Mark Fairhurst called for a review of the freedoms granted to those prisoners.
“I am of the opinion that allowing access to cooking facilities and items that can threaten the lives of staff should be removed immediately,” he said.
“These prisoners need only receive their basic entitlements and we should concentrate on control and containment instead of attempting to appease them. Things have to change.”
Image: Abedi attacked Belmarsh officer in 2020
General Secretary Steve Gillan added: “This is a disgraceful and cowardly attack on prison officers at Frankland prison who were carrying out their duties.”
Durham police said: “An investigation is underway following a serious assault which occurred at Frankland prison, Durham today.
“Three victims were taken to hospital to be treated where two remain with serious injuries and a third has been discharged.”
Hashem Abedi was previously found guilty, along with two other convicted terrorists, of attacking a prison officer at south-east London’s Belmarsh prison in 2020.
The officer was hit with a chair, repeatedly punched and kicked when he was set upon by Hashem Abedi, Parsons Green Tube bomber Ahmed Hassan and Muhammed Saeed, who spoke about carrying out a knife attack in London.
Hashem Abedi was found guilty by a jury of 22 counts of murder, attempted murder and plotting to cause an explosion likely to endanger life over the Manchester Arena bombing.
The court heard he helped source, buy, stockpile and transport the components for his brother’s bomb using a number of phones, vehicles and addresses in preparation for the attack.
Twenty-two people were killed when suicide bomber Salman Abedi detonated an explosive as people were leaving an Ariana Grande concert at the venue.
He died in the attack, while hundreds of others were injured.
Newcastle United’s head coach Eddie Howe has been admitted to hospital after feeling “unwell for a number of days”, his club have said.
In a statement, they confirmed the 47-year-old will miss the team’s next match against Manchester United on Sunday “due to illness” after feeling unwell “for a number of days”.
“The Magpies’ head coach was admitted to hospital late on Friday evening having felt unwell for a number of days,” the statement said.
“Medical staff kept Eddie in hospital overnight for further tests, which are ongoing.
“He is conscious and talking with his family, and is continuing to receive expert medical care.
“Everyone at Newcastle United extends their best wishes to Eddie for a speedy recovery, and further updates will follow in due course.”
The club said assistant Jason Tindall and coach Graeme Jones will lead the side at St James’ Park on Sunday.
Image: Howe ended Newcastle’s 70-year domestic silverware drought last month. Pic: PA
Speaking when he stepped in to perform pre-match media duties on Friday, Tindall said: “He’s been really poorly in the last couple of days but we’ve been in daily contact.
“We’ve been speaking three or four times a day so it’s not affected any of the preparations. We’ve still got a couple of days and I’m sure he’ll be fine for the weekend.”
The assistant manager added “its not very often that’s he unable to come to work”, and that “it’s a bit different” not having Howe around the training ground.
Tindall also joked: “He’s probably got a live feed there now, his attention to detail – he’s top, and that’s why he’s one of the best managers that’s out there.”
Howe, who has been tipped as a future England manager, ended Newcastle’s silverware drought last month, leading them to a first domestic trophy in 70 years after beating Liverpool in the Carabao Cup.
Currently sitting fifth in the Premier League table, the Magpies still have Champions League football next season firmly in their sights.
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From March: ‘We are an emotional club’
They have won each of their last four games in all competitions, with league victories over West Ham, Brentford and Leicester either side of their Carabao Cup final success.
Newcastle beat Manchester United 2-0 at Old Trafford in December and will run out eight places and 15 points better off than Ruben Amorim’s men this weekend.
But they have not completed a league double over the Red Devils since the 1930-31 campaign.
When the sun sets on Scunthorpe this Saturday, the town’s steelworks will likely have a new boss – Jonathan Reynolds.
The law that parliament will almost certainly approve this weekend hands the business secretary the powers to direct staff at British Steel, order raw materials and, crucially, keep the blast furnaces at the plant open.
This is not full nationalisation.
But it is an extraordinary step.
The Chinese firm Jingye will – on paper – remain the owner of British Steel.
But the UK state will insert itself into the corporate set-up to legally override the wishes of the multinational company.
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Govt to take control of steel plant
A form of martial law invoked and applied to private enterprise.
Image: A general view shows British Steel’s Scunthorpe plant.
Pic Reuters
Political figures in Wales are now questioning why nationalisation wasn’t on the table for this site.
The response from government is that the deal was done by the previous Tory administration and the owners of the South Wales site agreed to the terms.
But there is also a sense that this decision over British Steel is being shaped by the domestic and international political context.
Labour came to power promising to revitalise left-behind communities and inject a sense of pride back into places still reeling from the loss of traditional industry.
With that in mind, it would be politically intolerable to see the UK’s last two blast furnaces closed and thousands of jobs lost in a relatively deprived part of the country.
Image: One of the two blast furnaces at British Steel’s Scunthorpe operation
Reform UK’s position of pushing for full and immediate nationalisation is also relevant, given the party is in electoral pursuit of Labour in many parts of the country where decline in manufacturing has been felt most acutely.
The geo-political situation is perhaps more pressing though.
Just look at the strength of the prime minister’s language in his Downing Street address – “our economic and national security are all on the line”.
The government’s reaction to the turmoil caused by President Donald Trump’s pronouncements on tariffs and security has been to emphasise the need to increase domestic resilience in both business and defence.
Becoming the only G7 nation unable to produce virgin steel at a time when globalisation appears to be in retreat hardly fits with that narrative.
It would also present serious practical questions about the ability of the UK to produce steel for defence and the broader switch to green energy production.
Then there is the intriguing subplot around US-China trade.
While this decision is separate from discussions with the White House on tariffs, one can imagine how a UK move to wrestle control of a site of national importance from its Chinese owner might go down with a US president currently engaged in a fierce trade war with Beijing.
This is a remarkable step from the government, but it is more a punctuation mark than a full answer.
The tension between manufacturing and decarbonisation remains, as do the challenges presented by a global economy appearing to fragment significantly.
But one thing is for sure.
As a political parable about changes to traditional industry and the challenges of globalisation, the saga of British Steel is hard to beat.