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A computer-generated image of the surface of Venus shows Maat Mons, a 5-mile-tall volcano near the planet’s equator that erupted in 1991, according to a new study.  (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)

Planetary scientists have found groundbreaking evidence of recent volcanic activity on Venus. Archives from NASA’s Magellan (opens in new tab) mission show telltale signs that Maat Mons, a 5-mile-high (8 kilometers) volcano on Earth’s hellish twin, was active in 1991.

Magellan, launched in May 1989, was the first spacecraft to map the entire surface of Venus. The mission’s radar images revealed that Venus is peppered with volcanoes, but at the time scientists couldn’t tell whether any of them were still active.

Now, a new analysis of these 30-year-old archives has detected a volcanic vent swelling with lava in the Atla Regio region, near the planet’s equator.

The discovery was inspired by NASA’s next mission to our sister planet, which will launch within a decade. VERITAS (opens in new tab) (Venus Emissivity, Radio science, InSAR, Topography And Spectroscopy) led by the agency’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, will scan Venus from surface to core to understand how a rocky planet so similar to ours became a scorching hell-hole.

“NASA’s selection of the VERITAS mission inspired me to look for recent volcanic activity in Magellan data,” Robert Herrick (opens in new tab) , a research professor at the University of Alaska Fairbanks and member of the VERITAS team, who led the search of the archival data, said in a statement (opens in new tab) . “I didn’t really expect to be successful, but after about 200 hours of manually comparing the images of different Magellan orbits, I saw two images of the same region taken eight months apart exhibiting telltale geological changes caused by an eruption.”

Related: NASA captures stunning, first of a kind images of Venus’ surface 

Researchers described the two images in a study, published Wednesday (March 15) in the journal Science (opens in new tab) . They also presented their results at the 54th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (opens in new tab) in The Woodlands, Texas, on Wednesday.

Maat Mons is the tallest volcano on Venus, towering 26,250 feet (8,000 meters) above the barren volcanic plains and deformed terrain of the planet’s surface. In a picture taken in February 1991, a volcanic vent associated with Maat Mons appears nearly circular, with signs of drained lava on its exterior slopes, and covers an area of less than 1 square mile (2.2 square kilometers). In October, Magellan captured the same vent brimming with a lake of bubbling lava; it was misshapen and had doubled in size.

But the orbiter photographed the vent from different orbits and with poor resolution, making it difficult for the scientists to compare the images. They managed to line them up manually, however, and build computer models of the vents, which helped them determine what caused the geological changes.

“Only a couple of the simulations matched the imagery, and the most likely scenario is that volcanic activity occurred on Venus’ surface during Magellan’s mission,” Scott Hensley (opens in new tab) , a senior research scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory who worked on the Magellan radar mission, said in the statement. “While this is just one data point for an entire planet, it confirms there is modern geological activity.” RELATED STORIES—Alien life on Venus? No chance, says new NASA study

—One of the largest solar storms ever detected just erupted on the far side of the sun

—Massive ancient lava flow seen from space looks like a giant black scar on the New Mexico desert 

The gush of lava from Maat Mons’ crater would have been similar in size to the eruption of Hawaii’s Kilauea volcano in 2018, the researchers said in the statement.

This finding gives scientists a taste of the discoveries NASA’s upcoming mission will likely reveal. VERITAS is the first spacecraft to return to Venus since the 1990s. Its mission is to create 3D models of the planet to reveal its innermost secrets.

“Venus is an enigmatic world, and Magellan teased so many possibilities,” Jennifer Whitten (opens in new tab) , an assistant professor at Tulane University in New Orleans and a member of the VERITAS team, said in the statement. “Now that we’re very sure the planet experienced a volcanic eruption only 30 years ago, this is a small preview for the incredible discoveries VERITAS will make.” 

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Major companies part of drive to get thousands of offenders in work

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Major companies part of drive to get thousands of offenders in work

Bosses of leading high street businesses are set to lead a new drive to cut crime and get ex-offenders into stable jobs.

It’s part of a government initiative creating 11 new regional employment councils across England and Wales.

Leaders from firms including the Co-Op, Iceland, Greggs, and Oliver Bonas will provide voluntary advisory roles in conjunction with probation, job centres, and the Department for Work and Pensions.

The idea is to help ex-prisoners find work while they serve the remainder of their sentence in the community.

The government says roughly 80% of offending is reoffending, while the latest data shows offenders unemployed six weeks after leaving jail have a reoffending rate more than twice that of those in work – 35% versus 17%.

The employment councils will supplement the work of existing employment advisory boards, created by the former Timpsons chief executive, now prisons minister, Lord Timpson.

The advisory boards bring local leaders into 93 individual jails to help provide education and training advice, but largely stop at the prison gates.

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The government wants the new councils to act as better bridges for offenders, under one umbrella – bringing together probation, prisons and local employers, helping prison leavers look for work.

This will include connections with work coaches at job centres that will provide mock interviews, CV advice and training opportunities in the community.

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Lord Timpson called the new scheme and partnering with business a “win win”.

“Getting former offenders into stable work is a sure way of cutting crime and making our streets safer,” he said.

Last month Sky News heard from former offender, Terry, now employed at the cobblers and key cutters Timpsons, about what he calls an “invisible stigma” for those with criminal records seeking employment.

He said getting a secure job was life-changing because without other options “you’re probably going to think about doing crime”.

Annie Gail, head of social impact at Cook Foods, which is taking part of the government’s new scheme, also told Sky News that prison leaver programmes such as theirs are “challenging”.

She said having ex-offenders in public-facing roles “can cause concern” but insists “good business is about more than just turning a profit” and instead is about being “a force for good in society”.

The new scheme is set to start next week, and plans to get thousands of ex-offenders into stable jobs, away from a life of crime.

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Boy, 17, stabbed to death at Bedford bus station

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Boy, 17, stabbed to death at Bedford bus station

A 17-year-old boy has been stabbed to death in Bedford.

Police say Thomas Taylor was walking along Greenhill Street, close to Bedford Bus Station, when he was attacked by a group of men at 5.50pm on Wednesday.

He was taken to hospital after suffering serious injuries and died a short time later.

A murder inquiry has been launched.

The attackers have not been caught. They were described as black and wearing dark clothes. They ran away in the direction of Hassett Street and Greyfriars car park, police said.

Detective Chief Inspector Katie Dounias said: “This is an absolutely shocking incident in which a teenage boy has been stabbed to death in a busy town centre.

“We have a dedicated team of detectives working on this investigation and supporting Thomas’s family at this incredibly difficult time for them.

“I would urge anyone who saw what happened or has any information to come forward and speak to police and help us bring those responsible to justice.

“We’re aware that there are images and videos circulating on social media, please refrain from sharing any such clips and instead contact police.”

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Bedford Academy headteacher Chris Deller said: “We are deeply upset and shocked to hear the sad news that a Bedford Academy student has lost their life.”

He described Thomas as a “popular, well-liked, and respected lad” who had recently finished Year 11, before heading onto sixth form.

“Our focus now is on supporting the family through such a difficult period, whilst helping our students and wider community to come to terms with such a tragic loss,” he added.

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Romanian grooming gang convicted of sexually exploiting women in Dundee

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Romanian grooming gang convicted of sexually exploiting women in Dundee

A Romanian grooming gang has been convicted of sexually exploiting 10 vulnerable women in Dundee.

Four men and one woman were found guilty of dozens of offences – including rape – following an extensive investigation into sexual exploitation, human trafficking, and the supply of drugs in the Tayside area.

Marian Cumpanasoiu, 37, Remus Stan, 34, Catalin Dobre, 44, Cristian Urlateanu, 41, and Alexandra Bugonea, 34, denied any wrongdoing but on Thursday were convicted following a trial at the High Court in Glasgow.

Detective Inspector Scott Carswell branded the offenders “deplorable” in an interview with Sky News’ Scotland correspondent, Connor Gillies.

The detective said the gang plied the women with alcohol and free Class A drugs at parties before coercing them into sexual activity, “which a lot of them didn’t want to do”.

He said: “But as things progressed, they were so addicted to the drugs that they knew the only way they could get the drugs was to perform the sexual acts that they were having to get involved in.”

Detective Inspector Scott Carswell
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Detective Inspector Scott Carswell

DI Carswell said the gang got the women addicted to drugs in a bid to control them and keep them coming back for more.

He added: “They’ve had no thought as to the impact this is having on the victims. It’s been quite controlled in that they knew what they were doing.”

The gang will be sentenced at a later date.

Police Scotland said the offenders were arrested and charged as part of Operation Recloir, which was launched in late 2021 to target a gang of suspected human traffickers in the Tayside area.

DI Carswell said the inquiry initially focused on brothel-keeping in Dundee and the suspected trafficking of Romanian females into the country.

He added: “However, into the summer of 2022 we started to receive information that the crime group were targeting vulnerable Dundee females, and it looked like they were grooming them and coercing them with gifts of free drugs and other things until it moved on to the victims having to get involved in sexual activity to get the free drugs.

“And unfortunately, this got them addicted to the class A drugs that had been provided.”

DI Carswell said many of the victims identified believed they were the girlfriends of the men involved and did not realise they were being “groomed and used”.

The detective said the women were looking to be “cared for”, noting: “However, I believe that the end goal here was to groom the females and possibly move them into prostitution.”

Read more from Sky News:
Timeline of the grooming gangs scandal
Grooming gangs are ‘in every single part of our country’

DI Carswell said it was important to build up the victims’ “trust and confidence” in order to get them to engage with the force.

He said: “That did take a lot of patience, and it was something that I was passionate about with my inquiry team from the start.”

DI Carswell added work remains ongoing to ensure the women’s welfare and long-term safeguarding.

The detective believes his team identified all the victims, but not everyone wished to engage with the inquiry.

DI Carswell added: “What I would say to them is even at this time if they don’t want to engage with the police, the support’s always there if they need help with anything on the back of this.”

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