Connect with us

Published

on

Often, a discovery isn’t so much about gathering new information as it is about looking at something from a new perspective. That’s not always simple — except in the case of a newly described fossil sea anemone, when it was as simple as turning a presumed jellyfish fossil upside down.

The fossil, first described in 1971, is famous in both scientific and amateur paleontology circles for being such an easy to find fossil, despite totally lacking a skeleton. But it turns out, the story of the creature was a bizarre case of mistaken identity, scientists reported in a study published March 8 in the journal Papers in Paleontology (opens in new tab) . 

The Mazon Creek fossil beds in Illinois, which formed 309 million years ago, capture a glimpse of water-dwelling species that lived during the warm, wet Carboniferous period (358.9 million to 298.9 million years ago). At that time, the area was an estuary, where silty fresh water from a river flowed into an ocean that covered much of modern-day North America. When plants and animals died in this estuary, often they would be quickly covered in sediment, which led to the impeccable fossilization of not only animal skeletons but also soft-bodied animals, like jellyfish, that typically don’t fossilize well. 

That’s why Mazon Creek is so remarkable. “These fossils are better preserved than Twinkies after an apocalypse,” study co-author James Hagadorn (opens in new tab) , an expert on unusual fossil preservation at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science, said in a statement (opens in new tab) . “In part that’s because many of them burrowed into the seafloor as they were being buried by a stormy avalanche of mud.” The most common fossil found at Mazon Creek is that of a bizarre jellyfish called Essexella asherae but more casually referred to as “the blobs” by the amateur fossil hunters who have historically collected them as souvenirs.

But in 2016, Roy Plotnick (opens in new tab) , a professor emeritus of invertebrate paleobiology and paleontology at the University of Illinois Chicago, noticed that something seemed off about E. asherae.

Related: 520-million-year-old sea monster had 18 mouth tentacles

Essexella, a 309 million-year-old fossil sea anemone from Illinois. (Image credit: Papers in Palaeontology)

“I’ve always looked at these jellyfish fossils and I’ve thought, ‘That doesn’t look right to me,'” Plotnick, lead author of the new study, told Live Science. That lingering hunch led Plotnick to invite Hagadorn and Graham Young (opens in new tab) , curator of geology and paleontology at the Manitoba Museum in Canada, to reexamine the thousands of E. asherae fossils held at the Field Museum in Chicago as well as other museums and private collections. 

Plotnick told Live Science that Young and Hagadorn are experts in jellyfish fossils and their preservation, so if anybody had a chance of making sense of these creatures, it would likely be them. 

E. asherae looks downright bizarre compared with a stereotypical jellyfish, or medusa, which many envision as a mushroom-like cap that looks to be molded out of petroleum jelly with trailing, party-streamer-like tentacles. But not E. asherae. Fossils suggest that instead of sporting delicate tentacles underneath the cap, E. asherae rocked a membranous skirt, which would make it unique, especially among modern jellyfish, all of which swim around unskirted. 

E. asherae’s true nature was revealed when Plotnick and colleagues noticed that the cap didn’t look like a cap at all. Instead, it resembled the muscular foot that many sea anemones use to burrow into the sea floor.Related stories—Mysterious blood-red jellyfish may be rare species unknown to science, researchers say

—Giant ‘phantom jellyfish’ that eats with mouth-arms spotted off California coast

—What’s the weirdest sea creature ever discovered?

“I said, ‘Wait a minute; that looks like the foot of a sea anemone,'” Plotnick said. When he flipped the specimen over, he had an epiphany: E. asherae wasn’t a jellyfish at all. It was a bulbous sea anemone that anchored itself to the seafloor with its muscular foot. At the risk of oversimplification, anemones are relatives of jellyfish that filter-feed in the water column as opposed to swimming through it.

Further examination revealed that the “skirt” was actually the anemone’s barrel-shaped body, with a hole at the top to allow it to suck in water for feeding. Moreover, tiny snails that had fossilized with E. asherae were not the ancestors of modern jellyfish parasites but  rather scavengers that were buried while feeding on E. asherae corpses, further separating E. asherae from the jellyfish it was thought to be. 

The team’s analysis showed that paleontologists hadn’t just identified the specimen as the wrong species — they’d also placed it in the completely wrong taxonomic order, the broad grouping above family and species.  This means taking the animal out of the order Semaeostomeae, which contains jellyfish, and into the sea anemone order, Actiniaria. It’s a big shift that has literally turned our understanding of this common fossil on its head.

Editor’s note: Updated at 12:47 p.m. EDT on March 16 to correct Roy Plotnick’s title. He is at the University of Illinois Chicago, not the University of Chicago. 

Continue Reading

World

At least 20 dead and 150 injured after magnitude 6.3 earthquake in north Afghanistan

Published

on

By

At least 20 dead and 150 injured after magnitude 6.3 earthquake in north Afghanistan

At least 20 people have died after a magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Afghanistan, the Taliban has said.

The tremor was recorded near the city of Mazar-e Sharif, in the northern Balkh province, at around 12.59am on Monday (8.29pm in the UK).

The Taliban Health Ministry added that 320 were injured, while ministry spokesperson Sharfat Zaman said that the numbers of dead and injured might rise.

The US Geological Survey (USGS) has issued an orange alert on its system of quake impacts, and suggested that “significant casualties are likely and the disaster is potentially widespread”.

A rescuer works following an earthquake at an unidentified location in Afghanistan. Pic: Afghan Red Crescent / Reuters
Image:
A rescuer works following an earthquake at an unidentified location in Afghanistan. Pic: Afghan Red Crescent / Reuters

Previous events at that alert level have required a regional or national level response, according to the USGS’s alert system.

Balkh province spokesperson Haji Zaid added that the earthquake destroyed part of the city’s holy shrine, known as the Blue Mosque.

Soldiers dig up debris after an earthquake in Mazar-e Sharif, northern Afghanistan. Pic: Haji Zaid
Image:
Soldiers dig up debris after an earthquake in Mazar-e Sharif, northern Afghanistan. Pic: Haji Zaid

Damage to the Blue Mosque in Mazar-e Sharif. Pic: Haji Zaid
Image:
Damage to the Blue Mosque in Mazar-e Sharif. Pic: Haji Zaid

The United Nations in Afghanistan said on X that it is on the ground assessing needs and delivering aid, and that: “We stand with the affected communities and will provide the necessary support.”

More on Afghanistan

Mazar-e Sharif is the fifth-largest city in Afghanistan, with a population of around 523,000.

Located on two major active fault lines, Afghanistan is particularly vulnerable to earthquakes: More than 1,400 people were killed and at least 3,250 others injured after a magnitude 6.0 earthquake hit the country’s eastern regions in September.

That tremor wiped out villages in the Mazar Dara valley, which Sky’s Asia correspondent Cordelia Lynch visited in October.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

October: Boy recalls being rescued from quake – but losing his brother

In 2015, an earthquake struck northeastern Afghanistan, killing several hundred people in Afghanistan and nearby northern Pakistan.

Read more from Sky News:
Dad of man who vanished 12 years ago believes son was murdered
Two Louvre jewellery heist suspects ‘convicted over theft in 2015’

Four large earthquakes also struck in the Herat province in 2023, each magnitude 6.3. The Taliban said at the time that at least 2,445 people had died.

This breaking news story is being updated and more details will be published shortly.

Please refresh the page for the latest version.

You can receive breaking news alerts on a smartphone or tablet via the Sky News app. You can also follow us on WhatsApp and subscribe to our YouTube channel to keep up with the latest news.

Continue Reading

US

Donald Trump says he feels ‘badly’ for royals after Andrew stripped of titles over Epstein row

Published

on

By

Donald Trump says he feels 'badly' for royals after Andrew stripped of titles over Epstein row

Donald Trump has said he feels “badly” for the Royal Family after Andrew Mountbatten Windsor was stripped of his titles – as it emerged he could also be stripped of his honorary rank of vice admiral.

Speaking to reporters on board Air Force One, the US president was asked about his thoughts on the King’s decision to strip his brother of his peerages in the wake of further disclosures about his relationship with paedophile financier Jeffrey Epstein.

“It’s a terrible thing that’s happened to the family,” Mr Trump said. “That’s been a tragic situation. It’s too bad. I feel badly for the family.”

The King’s brother was stripped of his prince and Duke of York titles by the monarch over his links to Epstein on Thursday.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

Government ‘looking to remove’ Andrew’s final remaining rank

He lost his last remaining royal titles and privileges following the posthumous publication of a memoir by Virginia Giuffre, one of Epstein’s victims.

She had accused Andrew of sexual assault and sued him in August 2021. The case was settled outside court for a sum believed to have been around £12m.

Andrew has denied allegations of sexual assault made by Ms Giuffre, and has repeatedly denied all wrongdoing.

More on Donald Trump

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

What’s in the Andrew-Epstein email exchange?

Ms Giuffre, who took her own life earlier this year, claimed that – as a teenager – she had sex with Andrew on three occasions after being trafficked by billionaire paedophile Epstein and his ex-girlfriend Ghislaine Maxwell.

Andrew has always denied the allegations.

Ms Giuffre’s family hailed the King’s decision to remove Andrew’s titles, saying: “An ordinary American girl from an ordinary American family, brought down a British prince with her truth and extraordinary courage.”

Mr Trump has also come under pressure over his ties to Epstein. After the financier’s death in 2019, the US president downplayed their relationship and said he had “no idea” about Epstein’s crimes.

Read more: All we know about Trump and Epstein’s ‘friendship’

Donald Trump was asked about Andrew losing his titles while on Air Force One. Pic: AP
Image:
Donald Trump was asked about Andrew losing his titles while on Air Force One. Pic: AP

Andrew could lose vice admiral rank – Healey

It comes after Defence Secretary John Healey told Sky’s Sunday Morning with Trevor Phillips that the former prince could be stripped of his honorary rank of vice admiral

Andrew was made a vice admiral on his 55th birthday in 2015 and retained the rank even after giving up his other military positions in 2022.

He had a career spanning more than 20 years in the Royal Navy, and served in the Falklands War.

Mr Healey told Sky News: “We’ve seen Andrew surrender the military positions that he’s had and we’re looking now at the one remaining position he has, which is the honorary vice admiral position and, we’ve got a process underway for that.”

Asked what that process is, he said: “We’re being guided by the King and we’re now looking to remove.”

Pic: Reuters
Image:
Pic: Reuters

Mr Healey was also asked if the government would legislate to remove Andrew from the line of succession.

He said that is a “matter for the King” but his personal view is “it’s neither here nor there” as Andrew has lost all other of his royal titles.

Meanwhile, Kevin Hollinrake, the Conservative Party chairman, told Trevor Phillips: “Andrew’s 8th in line to succession of the monarchy.

“Parliament’s got many better things to do than to legislate for something that will never happen.”

Now simply known as Andrew Mountbatten Windsor after losing his titles, he will move from Royal Lodge to the Sandringham estate in Norfolk – with his future accommodation to be privately funded by the monarch.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

Could Andrew face US Congress?

Pressure is now building on Andrew to give evidence before a powerful US Congressional committee.

The House Oversight Committee is investigating the Epstein affair, and several of its members have invited Andrew to come and give evidence, presenting it as an opportunity to clear his name.

Royal biographer Andrew Morton said he believes there “are more revelations to come” about Epstein from the committee.

He told Sky News: “Given the fact that Andrew hasn’t been fully comprehensive in his admissions and emails have emerged which go further than his Newsnight interview, I think that will be the fear inside the palace.”

Read more from Sky News:
Passenger tells of panic during train knife attack
Can William drag attention away from Andrew during Brazil visit?
Two Louvre heist suspects ‘convicted over theft in 2015’

In a 2019 interview with Newsnight, Andrew claimed that he cut off contact with Epstein in 2010 following his release from jail for prostituting minors.

However, emails released since suggest they stayed in touch for longer.

Continue Reading

Politics

French MPs advance measure to tax crypto as ‘unproductive wealth’

Published

on

By

French MPs advance measure to tax crypto as ‘unproductive wealth’

French MPs advance measure to tax crypto as ‘unproductive wealth’

Lawmakers in France’s National Assembly have passed an amendment that would consider larger crypto holdings “unproductive wealth” and subject them to taxation.

Continue Reading

Trending