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NEW DELHI – India has been taking measures to wean off dependence on China for ingredients that go into making a variety of drugs, including antibiotics.

But three years after the Covid-19 pandemic disrupted supply chains from China, India is still a long way off from reducing imports of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) chemicals responsible for the therapeutic effect of drugs, noted industry experts.

Instead, India imported APIs and drugs worth 352.49 billion rupees (S$5.7 billion) in 2021-22, up from 285.29 billion rupees the previous year, according to government figures.

In the northern state of Himachal Pradesh, construction has started on a pharmaceutical park spread over 362 ha, while in the western state of Gujarat, work has started on a similar park spread over 809 ha.

Land for a third park is being acquired in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh.

The parks, which are expected to be ready in two years time, are in addition to the government giving Production Linked Incentives (PLIs) worth US$2 billion (S$2.6 billion) for manufacturing 53 APIs such as levofloxacin, an antibiotic used to treat pneumonia, for which India is heavily dependent on China.

Manufacturing has already started for about three dozen APIs like para-aminophenol, a raw material for paracetamol, but volumes have yet to reach a point where imports can be cut, noted industry experts.

The realisation of the benefit of the (PLI) scheme will take time as the incubation time is high, said Mr Sudarshan Jain, secretary general of the Indian Pharmaceutical Alliance.

Under the PLI scheme, different incentives are given for different products over a period of time. For instance, products that require fermentation, a process to create microorganisms for antibiotics and others, will get 20 per cent of the total cost to push up manufacturing between FY24-27.

On the pharmaceutical parks, Mr Jain said: India aims to create clusters for developing an ecosystem for bulk drug manufacturers. These clusters will be of great help as they facilitate faster clearance, efficiency and product development initiatives.

India is the biggest supplier of generic drugs in the world, meeting more than half of global demand for many vaccines. Still, the US$42 billion sector is heavily dependent on China for APIs.

According to a government report, India imports about 68 per cent of its APIs from China as it is a cheaper option than manufacturing them domestically.

And the dependence on China for certain life-saving antibiotics such as penicillin and azithromycin, used to treat bacterial infections such as bronchitis, is about 80 per cent to 90 per cent, according to industry data. More On This Topic India ready to export fever drugs to China amid Covid-19 surge India probes Uzbekistans claim that 18 children died after taking India-made cough syrup Mr Deepak Jotwani, assistant vice-president and sector head of corporate ratings at ICRA, an India-based credit rating agency, assessed that dependence will go down only over a four- to five-year period.

He noted that for some drugs like the entire requirement of certain fermentation-based APIs like penicillin and erythromycin are being sourced from China.

And then there are some APIs that are made only in China like Penicillin Gand 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, the key raw materials required for manufacturing cephalosporins, used for making certain antibiotics.

For real impact on reducing imports from China, industryexperts said the requirement was to get middle-level pharma firms to increase manufacturing and push innovation.

A majority of firms that have applied for incentives under the PLI scheme are major companies like Sun Pharmaceutical Industries and Dr. Reddys Laboratories.

The volume drivers from the middle-tier players are still not very well engaged, said Mr Naveen Kulkarni, chief executive of biotransformation company Quantumzyme, on the PLI scheme.

One of the primary reasons could be that the high-value products requiring fermentation capabilities are received sceptically by mid-level players, who are not willing to move out of their comfort zone, he said.

He noted that the governments incentive scheme, which runs for six years, could also be a deterrent and perceived as risky by the mid-level players, who are enjoying a better bottom line with extremely low risk. More On This Topic Critical tuberculosis drug set to be cheaper after India removes J&Js patent protection India awaits WHO information on any cough syrup link to Gambia deaths Import dependence is expected to remain high in the interim because domestic demand is expected to increase, even as India is set to overtake China as the nation with the worlds largest population at 1.4 billion people

It will, however, take time for these local manufacturing capacities to develop large-scale outputs. In the meantime, rising domestic demand for drug intermediates is likely to preserve the import dependence on China, said Dr Amitendu Palit, a senior research fellow and research lead (trade and economics) at the Institute of South Asian Studies in Singapore.

Firms that have started increasing capacity include biopharmaceutical company Biocon.

Our immunosuppressant facility in Visakhapatnam and peptides facility in Bengaluru… are expected to go live in FY24, with more projects in the pipeline, said Mr Siddharth Mittal, managing director and chief executive of Biocon.

Without going into details, a spokesman for pharmaceutical firm Glenmark, said: As a beneficiary, we have enhanced our development efforts on complex products as well as towards increasing our manufacturing capacity under the (PLI) scheme.

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Tech executive and his family die after sightseeing helicopter crashes in New York

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Tech executive and his family die after sightseeing helicopter crashes in New York

A family of five Spanish tourists, including three children, have been killed in a helicopter crash in New York City.

A New York City Hall spokesman identified two of those killed as Agustin Escobar, a Siemens executive, and Merce Camprubi Montal – believed to be his wife, NBC News reported.

The pilot was also killed as the aircraft crashed into the Hudson River at around 3.17pm on Thursday.

New York Police commissioner Jessica Tisch said divers had recovered all those on board from the helicopter, which was upside down in the water.

“Four victims were pronounced dead on scene and two more were removed to local area hospitals, where sadly both succumbed to their injuries,” she said.

The helicopter ended up submerged and upside down. Pic: Reuters
Image:
The helicopter was submerged upside down in the Hudson. Pic: Reuters

A crane lifted out the wreck of the helicopter on Thursday evening. Pic: AP
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A crane lifted out the wreckage on Thursday evening. Pic: AP

The Spanish president Pedro Sanchez called the news “devastating”.

“An unimaginable tragedy. I share the grief of the victims’ loved ones at this heartbreaking time,” he wrote on X.

Rotor blade ‘flew off’

The aircraft was on a tourist flight of Manhattan, run by the New York Helicopters company.

Witnesses described seeing the main rotor blade flying off moments before it dropped out the sky.

Agustin Escobar and Merce Camprubi Montal.
Pic: Facebook
Image:
Agustin Escobar and Merce Camprubi Montal.
Pic: Facebook

Lesly Camacho, a worker at a restaurant along the river in Hoboken, said she saw the helicopter spinning uncontrollably before it slammed into the water.

“There was a bunch of smoke coming out. It was spinning pretty fast, and it landed in the water really hard,” she said.

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Witness saw ‘parts flying off’ helicopter

Another witness said “the chopper blade flew off”.

“I don’t know what happened to the tail, but it just straight up dropped,” Avi Rakesh told Sky’s US partner, NBC News.

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Video on social media showed parts of the Bell 206 helicopter tumbling through the air and landing in the river.

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New York mayor confirms six dead

First responders walk along Pier 40, Thursday, April 10, 2025, in New York, across from where a helicopter went down in the Hudson River in Jersey City, N.J. (AP Photo/Jennifer Peltz)
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The crash happened near Pier 40. Pic: AP

New York Mayor Eric Adams confirmed the six deaths and said authorities believed the tourists were from Spain.

He said the flight had taken off from a downtown heliport at around 3pm.

Debris floats in the water at the scene where the helicopter crashed into the Hudson River.
Pic: AP
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Pic: Cover Images/AP

The crash happened close to Pier 40 and the Holland tunnel, which links lower Manhattan’s Tribeca neighbourhood with Jersey City to its west.

Tracking service Flight Radar 24 published what it said was the helicopter’s route, with the aircraft appearing to be in the sky for 15 minutes before the crash.

The Federal Aviation Administration and the National Transportation Safety Board have started an investigation.

Agustin Escobar.
Pic:Europa Press/AP
Image:
Agustin Escobar.
Pic: Europa Press/AP

Thursday’s incident comes less than three month after 67 people died when an army helicopter and American Airlines jet collided over the Potomac River in Washington DC.

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Ksenia Karelina: Ballerina arrives home in US after ‘nightmare’ of Russian penal colony

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Ksenia Karelina: Ballerina arrives home in US after 'nightmare' of Russian penal colony

A former ballerina who spent more than a year in a Russian jail for donating £40 to a charity supporting Ukraine has returned home to the US after being freed in a prisoner exchange.

Ksenia Karelina landed at Joint Base Andrews in Maryland at around 11pm, local time, on Thursday.

A smiling Ms Karelina was greeted on the runway by her fiance, the professional boxer Chris van Heerden, and given flowers by Morgan Ortagus, President Donald Trump’s deputy special envoy to the Middle East.

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Ksenia Karelina arrives Thursday, April 10, 2025, at Joint Base Andrews, Md. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
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Ksenia Karelina arrives at Joint Base Andrews. Pic: AP

Van Heerden said in a statement he was “overjoyed to hear that the love of my life, Ksenia Karelina, is on her way home from wrongful detention in Russia.

“She has endured a nightmare for 15 months and I cannot wait to hold her. Our dog, Boots, is also eagerly awaiting her return.”

He thanked Mr Trump and his envoys, as well as prominent public figures who had championed her case, including Dana White, a friend of Mr Trump and CEO of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC).

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Ms Karelina, 34, a US-Russian citizen also identified as Ksenia Khavana, was accused of treason when she was arrested in Yekaterinburg, in southwestern Russia, while visiting family in February last year.

Investigators searched her mobile phone and found she made a $51.80 (£40) donation to Razom, a charity that provides aid to Ukraine, on the first day of Russia’s invasion in 2022.

She admitted the charge at a closed trial in the city in August last year and was later jailed for 12 years, to be served in a penal colony.

At a cabinet meeting on Thursday, Mr Trump, who wants to normalise relations with Moscow, said the Kremlin “released the young ballerina and she is now out, and that was good. So we appreciate that”.

Ksenia Karelina is hugged by her boyfriend Chris van Heerden.
Pic: Reuters
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Ksenia Karelina is hugged by her boyfriend, Chris van Heerden. Pic: Reuters

He said the release followed conversations with Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Russian security services accused her of “proactively” collecting money for a Ukrainian organisation that was supplying gear to Kyiv’s forces.

The First Department, a Russian rights group, said the charges stemmed from a $51.80 donation to a US charity aiding Ukraine.

Washington, which had called her case “absolutely ludicrous”, released Arthur Petrov, who it was holding on charges of smuggling sensitive microelectronics to Russia, in the prisoner swap in Abu Dhabi.

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Karelina was among a growing number of Americans arrested in Russia in recent years as tensions between Moscow and Washington spiked over the war in Ukraine.

Her release is the latest in a series of high-profile prisoner exchanges Russia and the US carried out in the last three years – and the second since Mr Trump took office.

White House national security adviser Mike Waltz said members of the Trump administration “continue to work around the clock to ensure Americans detained abroad are returned home to their families”.

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‘Gringo hunter’ shot dead by US fugitive in Mexico

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'Gringo hunter' shot dead by US fugitive in Mexico

An elite Mexican police officer from its so-called “Gringo Hunters” unit has been shot dead by a fugitive they were trying to arrest.

The dedicated team of elite officers follows and detains US criminals and suspects who are hiding in Mexico.

It had been trying to pin down a man in the northern Mexican border city of Tijuana, authorities said, when the man opened fire.

The head of the regional unit in Baja California state, 33-year-old Abigail Esparza Reyes, was hit in the shoot out.

Reyes, who had led the regional team for eight years and carried out more than 400 operations on US fugitives in Mexico, died from the injury.

Members of security forces work near a crime scene where a U.S. citizen shot and killed Abigail Esparza Reyes.
Pic: Reuters
Image:
Pic: Reuters

Members of security forces work near a crime scene where a U.S. citizen shot and killed Abigail Esparza Reyes.
Pic: Reuters
Image:
Pic: Reuters

According to local media reports, the target of the Gringo Hunters was Cesar Hernandez, a convicted murderer who escaped from a California courthouse in December.

Upon arriving for a court appearance, Hernandez managed to jump out of the van and run away, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation confirmed at the time.

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He was serving an 80-year life sentence but could have become eligible for parole.

Following the shoot out in Mexico on Wednesday, Hernandez again managed to getaway, this time in disguise as a worker, local media reported.

Members of security forces work near a crime scene where a U.S. citizen shot and killed Abigail Esparza Reyes.
Pic: Reuters
Image:
Pic: Reuters

For decades, suspects on the run in the US have crossed the border into Mexico.

In 2002 the Latin American country set up in cooperation with US law enforcement a dedicated squad to track down fugitives who cross the border.

The highly trained team has gained prominence in recent years and will be the subject of a new crime drama TV series expected on Netflix later this year.

Baja California state governor Marina del Pilar paid tribute to the killed police officer on social media.

“Abigail’s life will be honoured, and her death will not go unpunished,” she said.

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