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The Pentagon is racing to find the source behind the leaking of a slew of highly classified military documents about the Ukraine war.

Bizarrely, the documents somehow surfaced on an online gaming forum. The US is now conducting damage control to reassure its allies.

The accuracy of the dozens of leaked slides has been questioned.

But they appear to reveal potential vulnerabilities in Ukraine’s defences, as well as the numbers of UK special forces allegedly active in the country.

So what are the key revelations from the documents, and what has the reaction been? Sky News takes a look at the growing scandal.

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US officials ‘simply don’t know’ how leak happened

The release of the documents has sent shockwaves through the US government and further afield, but it’s still unclear where they came from. Even the chief of the Pentagon doesn’t know.

“They were somewhere in the web, and where exactly, and who had access at that point, we don’t know. We simply don’t know,” Defence Secretary Lloyd Austin said on Tuesday.

The documents may first have been published in a chatroom on Discord, a social media platform popular with gamers, the Associated Press reported.

It also appears to be unclear exactly how many records were leaked, but some estimates put the total in the hundreds.

What’s more, it seems that the US doesn’t know if all the documents have surfaced yet or if more is yet to come.

‘Very serious risk to national security’

The trove of slides appear to contain a lot of information about the conflict in Ukraine, including potential weaknesses in its defences and details of support being provided by Kyiv’s allies.

Officials in several countries have denied or rejected allegations from the leaked records.

There have also been discussions about how much of the information contained within the documents is accurate.

However, a top Pentagon spokesperson said the leak presents a “very serious risk to national security”.

Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov told Sky News: “Like everyone else, we don’t know the degree of authenticity of these documents.

“But even if we disengage from them, long before these documents appeared, we had and still have information that many instructors, including the ones from Britain, and fighters are taking part in the military actions.”

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British soldiers wave at Ukrainian troops as they leave UK for war

Are Western special forces active inside Ukraine?

Since the beginning of the war Ukraine’s allies in the West have insisted that they are not directly involved in the conflict and that they are simply providing Kyiv with material aid, intelligence and advice.

There had been whispers that special forces from foreign nations might nevertheless be active in Ukraine, but there was never any evidence to support the theory.

However, a leaked document circulating online and seen by Sky News that appears to be from 1 March 2023 suggests that, at that time, a number of countries had special forces in Ukraine.

These included the UK (50), US (14), France (15), Latvia (17) and Netherlands (1), for a total of 97 special forces troops.

The document reportedly does not state where the allegedly deployed forces were located or what they are doing.

The UK’s Ministry of Defence said there is “a serious level of inaccuracy” in the leaks and warned against taking the claims at “face value”.

Defence and security expert Professor Michael Clarke told Sky News that it should come as no surprise if UK special forces were indeed active in Ukraine.

“The Ukrainians need all the intelligence they can get”, he added.

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Why NATO expansion may lead to ‘axis of evil’

Is Ukraine running out of missiles?

Another apparently leaked document, purportedly dating from February, suggests that Ukraine’s air defences risk running out of missiles within weeks.

The Guardian reported that a record dated 23 February and marked “Secret” discusses in detail how Ukraine’s S-300 air defence systems would be depleted by early May at the current usage rate.

Ben Barry, from the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies, remarked: “Publicising an apparent shortage of anti-aircraft missiles may give comfort to Russia.

“But if it energises Ukraine’s partners to accelerate delivery of missiles and other air defence capabilities, Kyiv will be grateful.”

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Russian assault on Bakhmut ‘now entering endgame’

Egypt and UAE accused of smuggling and secrets

The leaks have also highlighted how closely the US monitors how its friends interact with Russia and China.

One claim that has surfaced is that Egypt – a longtime US ally – planned for around 40,000 rockets to be covertly shipped to Russia earlier in the war.

The Washington Post alleged that President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi ordered the weaponry to be produced and transported.

The Egyptian leader reportedly told officials to keep the production and shipment of the rockets secret “to avoid problems with the West”.

According to another document, US spies apparently caught Russian intelligence officers boasting that they had convinced the oil-rich United Arab Emirates “to work together against US and UK intelligence agencies”.

The UAE rejected the allegations, calling them “categorically false.”

What has the US response been?

As it tries to conduct damage control, the Pentagon has begun an internal review to assess the leak’s impact on national security.

The US was also quickly taking steps to reduce the number of people who have access to briefings, a defence official said.

Pentagon officials are also closely monitoring where the leaked slides are “being posted and amplified,” Chris Meagher, assistant to the secretary of defence for public affairs, said.

Separately, the Justice Department has opened a criminal investigation into how the slides were obtained and leaked.

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Israel receives hostage’s remains – as Turkey issues arrest warrants for 36 officials involved in the war

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Israel receives hostage's remains - as Turkey issues arrest warrants for 36 officials involved in the war

Israeli troops in Gaza have received the remains of another hostage.

They have now been taken to the National Institute for Forensic Medicine to be examined.

If it is confirmed that they belong to a hostage, this would mean there are five bodies left to be returned under the terms of a ceasefire that began on 10 October.

Israel has also released the bodies of 285 Palestinians – but this identification process is harder because DNA labs are not allowed in Gaza.

Last night’s transfer is a sign of progress in the fragile truce, but some of the remains handed over in recent weeks have not belonged to any of the missing hostages.

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October: Heavy machinery enters Gaza to clear rubble

At times, Israel has accused Hamas of violating the agreement – however, US President Donald Trump has previously acknowledged conditions on the ground in Gaza are difficult.

Meanwhile, UN officials have warned the levels of humanitarian aid flowing into the territory fall well short of what Palestinians require.

Deputy spokesperson Farhan Haqq said more than 200,000 metric tons of aid is positioned to move in – but only 37,000 tons has arrived so far.

Earlier on Friday, hundreds of mourners attended the military funeral of an Israeli-American soldier whose body was returned on Sunday.

Omer Neutra was an Israeli-American soldier. Pic: AP
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Omer Neutra was an Israeli-American soldier. Pic: AP

Captain Omer Neutra was 21 when he was killed by Hamas militants who then took his body into Gaza following the October 7th attacks.

Admiral Brad Cooper, who heads up US Central Command, said during the service: “He is the son of two nations.

“He embodied the best of both the United States and Israel. Uniquely, he has firmly cemented his place in history as the hero of two countries.”

His mother Orna addressed her son’s coffin – and said: “We are all left with the vast space between who you were to us and to the world in your life and what you were yet to become. And with the mission to fill that gap with the light and goodness that you are.”

Read more world news:
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IDF troops carry the coffin of hostage Omer Neutra. Pic: AP
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IDF troops carry the coffin of hostage Omer Neutra. Pic: AP

In other developments, Turkish prosecutors have issued arrest warrants for Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and 36 other Israeli officials on charges of carrying out “genocide” in Gaza.

They have been accused of crimes against humanity – but the move is highly symbolic since these officials were unlikely to enter Turkey.

Foreign minister Gideon Saar dismissed the warrants, and said: “Israel firmly rejects, with contempt, the latest PR stunt by the tyrant Erdogan.”

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Putin’s right-hand man made him look weak – it may have cost him his seat at Kremlin’s top table

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Putin's right-hand man made him look weak - it may have cost him his seat at Kremlin's top table

In Soviet times, Western observers would scrutinise video footage of state occasions, like military parades on Red Square, to try to learn more about Kremlin hierarchy.

Who was positioned closest to the leader? What did the body language say? Which officials were in and out of favour?

In some ways, not much has changed.

The footage present-day Kremlinologists are currently pouring over is from Wednesday’s landmark meeting of Russia’s Security Council, in which Vladimir Putin told his top officials to start drafting proposals for a possible nuclear weapons test.

It was an important moment. Not one you’d expect a trusted lieutenant to miss. But Sergei Lavrov, Russia’s veteran foreign minister, was conspicuously absent – the only permanent member of the Council not present.

According to the Russian business daily, Kommersant, his absence was “coordinated”.

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US President Donald Trump meets with Russia's President Vladimir Putin in Alaska. Pic: AP
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US President Donald Trump meets with Russia’s President Vladimir Putin in Alaska. Pic: AP

Sergey Lavrov and Marco Rubio in Alaska. Pic: AP
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Sergey Lavrov and Marco Rubio in Alaska. Pic: AP

That episode alone would have been enough to raise eyebrows.

But coupled with the selection of a more junior official to lead the Russian delegation at the upcoming G20 summit (a role Lavrov has filled in recent years) – well, that’s when questions get asked, namely: Has Moscow’s top diplomat been sidelined?

The question has grown loud enough to force the Kremlin into a denial, but it’s done little to quell speculation that Lavrov has fallen out of favour.

Russian foreign minister Sergei Lavrov. File pic: Reuters
Image:
Russian foreign minister Sergei Lavrov. File pic: Reuters

Rumours of a rift have been mounting since Donald Trump called off a planned summit with Putin in Budapest last month, following a phone call between Lavrov and US secretary of state Marco Rubio.

According to the Financial Times, it was Lavrov’s uncompromising stance that prompted the White House to put the summit on ice.

Conversations I had with diplomatic sources here at the time revealed a belief that Lavrov had either dropped the ball or gone off-script. Whether it was by accident or by design, his diplomacy (or lack of it) torpedoed the summit and seemingly set back a US-Russia rapprochement.

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September: Anyone downing aircraft in Russian airspace will ‘regret it’

That would’ve angered Putin, who is keen to engage with Washington, not only on Ukraine but on other issues, like nuclear arms control.

More importantly, perhaps, it made the Russian president appear weak – unable to control his foreign minister. And Putin is not a man who likes to be undermined.

Football fans will be familiar with Sir Alex Ferguson’s golden rule of management: Never let a player grow bigger than the club. Putin operates in a similar fashion. Loyalty is valued extremely highly.

Lavrov meets with his Iranian counterpart Mohammad Javad Zarif in 2015. Pic: Reuters
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Lavrov meets with his Iranian counterpart Mohammad Javad Zarif in 2015. Pic: Reuters

North Korea's Kim Jong Un and Lavrov meet in Pyongyang in 2023. Pic: AP
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North Korea’s Kim Jong Un and Lavrov meet in Pyongyang in 2023. Pic: AP

Lavrov and Chinese counterpart Wang Yi meet in Indonesia in 2022. Pic: Reuters
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Lavrov and Chinese counterpart Wang Yi meet in Indonesia in 2022. Pic: Reuters

If Lavrov has indeed been sidelined, it would be a very significant moment indeed. The 75-year-old has been the face of Russian diplomacy for more than two decades and effectively Putin’s right-hand man for most of the Kremlin leader’s rule.

Known for his abrasive style and acerbic putdowns, Lavrov has also been a vociferous cheerleader for Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

At the Putin-Trump summit in Alaska, he arrived wearing a jumper emblazoned with the initials “CCCP”, the Russian letters for USSR. The apparent message: Ukraine still belongs to Moscow.

And in the melee that immediately followed the presidents’ press statements at the summit, I remember racing over to Lavrov as he was leaving and yelling a question to him through the line of security guards.

He didn’t even turn. Instead, he just shouted back: “Who are you?”

It was typical of a diplomatic heavyweight, who’s known for not pulling his punches. But has that uncompromising approach finally taken its toll?

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COP’s potential for change limited not by who turned up, but by the elephants not in the room

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COP's potential for change limited not by who turned up, but by the elephants not in the room

The COP climate summit in Belem opened with a diplomatic double-whammy.

The Prince of Wales and Sir Keir Starmer reaffirmed the UK’s commitment to fighting climate change and urged the rest of the world to do so, too.

But as the tropical rain beat down on the tarpaulin roof of this temporary summit venue, it’s hard not to feel the air going out of the process.

The Prince of Wales is passionate about fighting climate change. Pic: Reuters
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The Prince of Wales is passionate about fighting climate change. Pic: Reuters

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COP30: India’s climate refugees

Sir Keir and Prince William’s presence doesn’t make up for the geopolitical weight of the elephants not in the room.

The leaders of China, the US and India – the world’s three largest contributors to climate change – are no-shows.

Donald Trump’s highly-publicised decision to withdraw America from the UN climate talks is a blow.

Before Mr Trump, America – the world’s largest economy, largest oil and gas producer, and major market for renewable energy – had serious deal-making power here.

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Having formally withdrawn, there is no US delegation.

And, as far as I can tell, any US broadcasters either, so for Americans, this meeting may as well not be happening at all.

Pic: Reuters
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Pic: Reuters

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Cop out: Is net zero dead?

Without the US, things will be harder.

But does that mean the process is doomed?

The leaders of China and India may be absent but they’ve sent high-level delegations.

Read more on COP 30:
Is net zero dead?

Why is COP 30 controversial?

China is represented by vice-premier Ding Xuexiang, the country’s most high-ranking politician after President Xi himself.

And, while China and India might not be big on eco-messaging, between them they are busy driving the most rapid shift away from fossil fuels towards wind, solar and nuclear power the world has ever seen.

What’s more, the real work at these summits isn’t done by heads of state, but experienced sherpas, some of whom have trodden the nylon carpeted corridors of COP for 30 years.

The Prince of Wales with Prime Minister Keir Starmer. Pic: PA
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The Prince of Wales with Prime Minister Keir Starmer. Pic: PA

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Prince takes a tumble on Brazil beach

It’s reasonable to ask what they’ve achieved in all that time.

The commitments of the Paris agreement of a decade ago have been missed by a wide margin.

The world is about to blow past 1.5 degrees of warming and almost certainly exceed two degrees as well.

But when the Paris deal was signed, the trajectory was for four degrees of warming.

There are good COPs and bad COPs, but the world is undoubtedly a safer place now than it would have been without them.

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