Newborn babies and toddlers are among the victims of the most severe online sexual abuse, with the amount of the most extreme material doubling in the last two years, a new report has found.
In 2022, the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) took action to remove or block 51,369 web pages containing Category A child sexual abuse material.
The amount of extreme content has doubled since 2020 when the IWF uncovered 20,050 pages of Category A abuse. In 2022 the total number of URLs containing this extreme abuse was higher than the organisation had ever seen before.
Category A is the most severe kind of imagery and includes the worst kinds of sexual abuse.
The younger the child involved, the more extreme the abuse was likely to be, the report found. Of the images found of children aged up to two years old, 81% were of Category A abuse.
This compared to 50% of material relating to children aged three to six, 20% of those aged seven to 10 and 17% of those aged 11 to 13.
Susie Hargreaves OBE, IWF chief executive officer, told Sky News their analysts are seeing more and more children being abused – and they are getting younger.
“I continue to be shocked, after 12 years, that the worst level of abuse was on new-borns to 2-year-olds. And that is the most vulnerable children who have absolutely no chance of defending themselves, being preyed upon and abused by adults,” she said.
“People need to realise this is very serious nasty stuff.”
Proportionally, Category A material now accounts for 20% of all the content the IWF sees – up from 18% in 2021, and 17% in 2020. The organisation both takes reports from the public and proactively searches for content.
‘Many don’t know they’re being filmed’
Many of these children, the IWF said, don’t even realise they are being filmed and they said the amount of self-generated content has grown, showing children who have been coerced into acts by a remote abuser.
Writing in the report, Ms Hargreaves said: “We’ve always been careful not to describe in detail what we see as we don’t want to upset people, but we’re starting to believe that we have to start being more upfront and honest about the extent of the abuse we find, as the public needs to realise that we are talking about 7-year-olds, naked… under the direction and coercion of nasty, manipulative individuals.”
She told Sky News that while the organisation doesn’t make a judgement on wider pornography, referring to the images as “child porn” is wrong.
She said: “It’s not helpful for people to call it… ‘child porn’ because it minimises the impact of the abuse on these children.”
Far from a victimless crime, she urged people to remember there are real children at the heart of this.
She said she once met a “very brave survivor” who was rescued at the age of 12 and was now 20 years old.
“She had someone come up to her in a shopping centre and say, ‘I’ve seen your pictures online’,” she said. “She said to me, ‘I feel physically scared every day’.
“So let’s call it what it is, this is the abuse of children who are the most vulnerable, who we should be protecting.”
Image: Susie Hargreaves. Pic: Internet Watch Foundation
Hiding ‘in plain sight’
In 2022, the organisation assessed a web page every 90 seconds – every two minutes, that web page showed a child being sexually abused.
Criminals are commercialising the sexual abuse and exploitation of children – but it is no longer confined to the dark web.
Rosa*, an internet content analyst at the IWF, said: “It is disturbing how matter-of-fact these sites are. Child sexual abuse is treated like a commodity on these sites.”
She added: “People are now only one click away from Category A material. That is a public safety issue. This extreme material is no longer in the creepy corners of the internet. It’s in plain sight.”
But these sites are typically not hosted by mainstream hosting companies, instead mainly being found on servers in little-known companies based in Europe or Asia.
Less than 1% is held on UK servers, in part because legislation means sites can be removed within minutes, making them less viable for criminals looking to profit from the online abuse of children.
But it is still British children being abused, and with criminals forced to host it outside the UK it makes it harder to get it taken down.
“These are children in bedrooms, and often [analysts] will hear the parents and domestic noises in the background so parents may think that they’re safe,” says Ms Hargreaves.
Image: Pic: Internet Watch Foundation
A message to those viewing online abuse
Ian Critchley, the NPCC lead for child protection and abuse investigations, said: “The rise in the most severe offending being found is deeply disturbing – not only are all internet users far more likely to be exposed to this harmful material, but it demonstrates once again how criminals have no regard for the life-long harm it causes these children.
“If you are viewing such material, be in no doubt – this is not a victimless crime. These are real children.”
He added: “If you read this, and are concerned about your own thoughts and behaviour, you can stop. The consequences of offending can last a lifetime. Seek help, now.”
Security Minister Tom Tugendhat said: “Child sexual abuse is an abhorrent crime. It is paramount that the perpetrators of this abuse are identified and brought to justice. The Internet Watch Foundation’s work is vital in tackling child sexual abuse material online, and cracking down on offenders who seek to profit from young people’s pain.”
He added: “Most importantly, companies need to ensure that features such as end-to-end encryption have the necessary safety features built in so that they do not blind themselves to abuse occurring on their platforms.”
The father of the Manchester synagogue attacker has called for unity, as the community marked one week on from the assault which claimed the lives of two men.
People gathered outside the Heaton Park Hebrew Congregation in Crumpsall at 9.30am, the time of the attack last Thursday, to pray and mourn the victims.
Image: Pic: PA
Image: Pic: PA
Jihad al Shamie was shot dead by police after launching his car and knife attack as worshippers gathered on Yom Kippur, the holiest day in the Jewish calendar.
In a statement posted on Facebook, al Shamie’s father Faraj wrote: “The recent tragic act of terror has brought deep pain – to our family and to the families of the victims. Our hearts and prayers are with them.
“No one should ever experience such suffering again. We must all stand together – united, vigilant and compassionate – to prevent such acts and protect the peace of our communities.”
Adrian Daulby, 53, is believed to have been shot dead by police while attempting to prevent al Shamie from entering the synagogue.
Mervyn Cravitz, 66, also died while trying to keep the attacker from entering the building. Three other people remain in hospital.
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Manchester synagogue terrorist: what we know now
Rabbi Daniel Walker told the congregation that “evil will not prevail” and called for “deep resolve” from the community.
There was applause from the crowd for Greater Manchester Police, with a large presence of officers at the event, for their response on the day of the attack.
Raphi Bloom, a board member of the Jewish Representative Council, said there was a feeling of anger in the community as “we were screaming this would happen and no one listened”.
He told Sky News: “Our feelings are still of mourning, of fear and of isolation. We feel very alone. We’re very, very angry that this was allowed to happen and fearful that it will happen again.
The Princess of Wales has said smartphones and computer screens create “an epidemic of disconnection” within families.
Kate’s words – in an essay co-written with a Harvard professor – come ahead of a visit to Oxford to highlight her work on early years education and support.
In the piece, she says that “while new technology has many benefits, we must also acknowledge that it plays a complex and often troubling role in this epidemic of disconnection”.
“While digital devices promise to keep us connected, they frequently do the opposite,” writes the princess.
“Our smartphones, tablets, and computers have become sources of constant distraction, fragmenting our focus and preventing us from giving others the undivided attention that relationships require.”
Emphasising how she believes technology can interfere in family life, she adds: “We sit together in the same room while our minds are scattered across dozens of apps, notifications, and feeds.
“We’re physically present but mentally absent, unable to fully engage with the people right in front of us.
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“This technological interference strikes at something fundamental: our undivided attention is the most precious gift we can give another person. Yet, increasingly, it’s the most difficult gift to offer.”
The Prince and Princess of Wales have previously spoken about the potentially harmful effects of social media.
Image: Kate says technology is increasingly interfering in family life
In a recent interview, Prince William revealed that their three children, George, Charlotte and Louis, currently don’t have mobile phones, and that they try to have dinner together.
Kate’s essay, titled The Power of Human Connection in a Distracted World, was released by her Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood and written in collaboration with Professor Robert Waldinger.
Kate first met the Harvard academic in 2022 and he’s worked closely with the Royal Foundation ever since.
“We live increasingly lonelier lives, which research shows is toxic to human health, and it’s our young people (aged 16 to 24) that report being the loneliest of all, the very generation that should be forming the relationships that will sustain them throughout life,” write the princess and the professor.
Later today, the princess will visit Home‑Start Oxford to meet volunteers and families, and talk about how they are using resources and films produced by the Centre for Early Childhood to help parents and children.
A murderer who threw “prison napalm” over a man before stabbing him in the heart has been jailed for at least 20 years.
Gavin Gallagher, 33, claimed he was acting in self-defence when he launched the boiling water and sugar mix over Stephen Gray, 23, before knifing him.
However, he was convicted of murder and accused of staging the crime scene in an attempt to cover his tracks.
In his sentencing statement, Judge Lord Mulholland told Gallagher: “I was not surprised that the jury rejected self-defence and provocation.
“It seemed to me that your defence of self-defence was staged, and your lies unravelled.”
Image: Stephen Gray. Pic: Police Scotland
The fatal attack occurred at a block of flats in Glasgow’s Southcroft Street on 3 November 2023.
Lord Mulholland said Mr Gray was bare chested when Gallagher threw the boiling water and sugar mix over him.
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The concoction is often referred to as “prison napalm” due to being used by inmates during assaults.
The judge said the vast majority of burns were to Mr Gray’s back.
Lord Mulholland said: “He was bare chested, and the burns caused by what you did must have been very painful. You can see that from the photographs of his injuries.”
Gallagher then stabbed Mr Gray twice with a large kitchen knife.
The judge said: “One of these blows penetrated his heart and caused massive bleeding which led to his death. This injury was unsurvivable.
“You then did what you could to set up a defence of self-defence in an attempt to cover your tracks.
“You placed a knife alongside his dying body and said to a neighbour that it was the deceased’s knife.
“You told anyone who would listen that you killed him in self-defence.”
Gallagher was convicted of murder at the High Court in Glasgow last month.
He returned to the dock for sentencing on Wednesday, when he was handed a life sentence with at least 20 years in jail.
Detective Superintendent Hannah Edward said: “Our thoughts remain with the family and friends of Stephen and while we know nothing can change what has happened, I hope this brings them some degree of closure as they try to move forward.
“This was a shocking attack and Gallagher will now face the consequences of his despicable actions.”