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“None of the ceasefires have been respected in total,” Volker Perthes, the United Nations special representative for Sudan, has told Sky News.

As Sudan’s political centre collapses under the chaos of urban warfare, Mr Perthes is regrouping with his team in the new peacetime capital of Port Sudan.

In an exclusive TV interview, Sky News sat down with Mr Perthes to discuss the points of contention in a crisis that has rapidly swallowed the country – killing hundreds of people and displacing millions of people in the first two weeks.

As the man at the helm of the United Nations Integrated Transition Assistance Mission in Sudan (UNITAMS), Mr Perthes is often perceived to be the main mediator between the Sudanese parties vying for power since former military dictator Omar al Bashir was ousted in 2019.

After sustained pro-democracy protests, army chief Abdel-Fattah al Burhan and paramilitary Rapid Support Forces leader Mohamed “Hemedti” Dagalo partnered to remove their former ally al Bashir.

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UN envoy to Sudan’s full interview

In January 2021, Mr Perthes was assigned by the UN to assist with the transition to democratic elections. In October 2021 a military coup staged by the generals brought this transition to a deadly pause.

During this period, both men and the civilian political opposition they have wrestled with for command of the country, have had a seat at his negotiation table.

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“In the last two weeks, there was no table to negotiate,” said Mr Perthes. “When we still were speaking about a political process, they were all in the room – signatory, civilian, military, non-signatories in different forms. Now, we have been speaking individually to them.”

In the first few days of fighting, presidents from Djibouti, South Sudan and Juba offered to fly to Khartoum and lead mediation efforts.

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In a recent interview with Sky News, army chief al Burhan said that the climate of clashes was not suitable for their arrival.

Now, there are discussions of peace talks being held in a neighbouring country like Saudi Arabia, UAE or South Sudan.

“The idea is to actually bring them physically together to agree face-to-face on some of the modalities of a ceasefire – which is more than just a declaration of ‘we’re going to stop the fighting’,” Mr Perthes said.

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Many more people are fleeing from Sudan - even as international aid arrives
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The UN has come under fire for its slow crisis response

‘How could you let this happen?’

In the past two weeks, Mr Perthes’ mission has been a target of anger and frustration. Those who believe he overestimated the generals ask “how could you let this happen?”, and those who believe he underestimated the generals ask “how could you not see this coming?”

“We saw enormous tensions between the leadership and the RSF leadership, and we struggled particularly in the last two weeks before 15 April – before the outbreak of hostilities – to de-escalate,” Mr Perthes said.

“But of course, we did not see it coming Saturday morning.”

Many more people are fleeing from Sudan - even as international aid arrives
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International rescue missions have allowed hundreds to flee Sudan

Like the forensic timeline of a brutal crime scene, Mr Perthes detailed the 24 hours before that shocking morning.

“We knew there was a risk of an outbreak of hostilities. We warned against it on Friday afternoon. We thought we, others and civilian actors from the Sudan had reached some progress because the two leaders had agreed on forming a military committee which was supposed to meet Saturday morning,” he said.

“So we went to bed and said well, maybe we have de-escalated it a little bit – and then we were woken up by the fighting.”

‘Stock of humanitarian aid was looted’

Early on Sunday, the first signs of international relief arrived at Port Sudan in the form of eight tonnes of humanitarian cargo sent by the International Committee of the Red Cross.

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Heavy shooting in Sudan

A two-week lag time that I asked him to explain.

“Much of the humanitarian aid which we had in stock was looted,” he said.

“All the warehouses, WFP [World Food Programme], UNHCR [UN Refugee Agency] and others in Darfur were looted. Vehicles from the humanitarian agencies were looted. The offices of my own mission as well as offices, agencies in most of the towns of Darfur were looted. Food trucks were looted.

“WFP lost like 4,000 metric tons of humanitarian goods. So if all this is looted – you cannot distribute it.”

Many more people are fleeing from Sudan - even as international aid arrives
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International efforts, with support of a UK war vessel, are under way

Also at the port, are white containers stamped with the UN logo and rows of UN-branded armoured vehicles.

UN staff and personnel involved in the mission have also faced extreme dangers, Mr Perthes said.

“Staff members were held at gunpoint. Staff members were thrown out of their houses by armed fighters who took positions, and houses were broken into. We had at least one case of attempted sexual assault… on a female staff member. Many of the houses and apartments were hit by stray shells and bullets.”

In the first week of fighting, three WFP staff members were killed in north Darfur and as a result the WFP suspended all operations in the country.

“We are trying to get humanitarian supplies in,” Mr Perthes said.

“What we need to resume humanitarian activities is a ceasefire – a ceasefire that holds – and then we can start again.”

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Zelenskyy accuses US envoy Witkoff of ‘spreading Russian narratives’ – as he says minerals deal getting closer

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Zelenskyy accuses US envoy Witkoff of 'spreading Russian narratives' - as he says minerals deal getting closer

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has accused US envoy Steve Witkoff of “spreading Russian narratives” about the Ukraine war – as he said a much-anticipated minerals deal was moving closer.

His comments came as Mr Witkoff was in Paris for talks with Ukrainian and European officials.

The diplomat met Vladimir Putin last week and later told Fox News he had held “compelling” discussions with the Russian leader.

“This peace deal is about these so-called five territories, but there’s so much more to it,” he said.

He appeared to be referencing occupied Crimea and the four regions annexed in sham referendums in 2022: Kherson, Luhansk, Donetsk and Zaporizhzhia.

The votes were widely condemned and dismissed by the West – and Russia still does not fully control these regions – but Mr Witkoff has been accused of parroting Moscow’s line.

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Pic:Sputnik/AP
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Mr Witkoff met the Russian president in St Petersburg on Friday. Pic: Sputnik/AP

Mr Zelenskyy, speaking at a news conference, also said a “memorandum of intent” on a minerals deal with the US could be signed online on Thursday.

However, speaking at the White House later – where he was hosting the Italian prime minister, US President Donald Trump said it was likely to be next week.

The deal was expected to be done weeks ago but was derailed by the Ukrainian leader’s falling out at the White House.

President Trump wants to share in profits from Ukraine’s natural resources in what he says is repayment for military aid. It’s hoped America having a stake in the country could also help maintain any truce.

In his media conference, Mr Zelenskyy also claimed he had evidence of China helping Russia with artillery.

“We believe that Chinese representatives are engaged in the production of some weapons on the territory of Russia,” the Ukrainian leader said.

He did not specify whether he meant artillery systems or shells.

It comes after Ukraine said recently that it had captured two Chinese citizens fighting in the east of the country.

US efforts to broker a ceasefire have so far failed to provide a breakthrough, with critics accusing Russia of stalling and not really wanting peace.

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‘I don’t hold Zelenskyy responsible’

President Trump was asked on Thursday how long Mr Putin had to respond to his ceasefire proposal before facing either tariffs or more sanctions.

“We’re going to be hearing from them this week, very shortly, actually,” he told reporters.

He also said that while he does not hold President Zelenskyy responsible for the war, he is “not a big fan”.

“I’m not happy with him, and I’m not happy with anybody involved,” he said.

“I’m not blaming him, but what I am saying is that I wouldn’t say he’s done the greatest job. Okay? I’m not a big fan.”

Three killed in drone attack

US envoy Mr Witkoff was joined in Paris earlier by US secretary of state Marco Rubio.

The men held talks with French, British and German representatives – the so-called “coalition of the willing” who could provide security guarantees in the event of a ceasefire.

Ukraine’s presidential chief of staff, foreign minister and defence minister were also there and a follow-up is scheduled for next week in London.

French President diplomatic advisor Emmanuel Bonne meets with Ukrainian Head of Presidential Office Andriy Yermak, US Special Envoy Steve Witkoff, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, UK National Security Adviser Jonathan Powell and Germany national security advisor Jens Plotner at the Elysee presidential palace in Paris on April 17, 2025. LUDOVIC MARIN/Pool via REUTERS
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Talks took place at the Elysee Palace in Paris. Pic: Reuters

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Will talks bring Ukraine ceasefire?

While a total ceasefire has proved elusive, a 30-day moratorium on striking energy infrastructure targets was previously agreed.

However, both sides have accused each other of breaking the agreement.

Russian government spokeswoman Maria Zakharova claimed on Thursday that Ukraine had breached it 80 times.

Burned cars are seen next to an apartment building damaged during a Russian drone strike, amid Russia's attack on Ukraine, in Dnipro, Ukraine, in this handout picture released April 17, 2025. Press service of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine/Handout via REUTERS    THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. DO NOT OBSCURE LOGO. BEST QUALITY AVALIABLE.
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Three were killed and dozens hurt in drone strikes on Dnipro. Pic: Reuters

A firefighter extinguishes a burning car at the site of a Russian drone strike, amid Russia's attack on Ukraine, in Dnipro, Ukraine, in this handout picture released April 17, 2025. Press service of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine/Handout via REUTERS    THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. DO NOT OBSCURE LOGO. BEST QUALITY AVALIABLE.
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Pic: Reuters

President Zelenskyy, meanwhile, said Russian energy attacks had decreased but that it was attacking civilian infrastructures instead.

Three people, including a child, were killed overnight in a drone attack on Ukraine’s southeastern city of Dnipro, according to officials, with 30 wounded.

Local authorities said widespread damage was caused to civilian infrastructure, including an educational institution, residential buildings, a gym and a dormitory.

It comes after at least 35 people died in a Russian missile strike on Sumy at the weekend.

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White House rages at ‘appalling’ attempt to return wrongly deported man from El Salvador

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White House rages at 'appalling' attempt to return wrongly deported man from El Salvador

The White House has hit out at an “appalling” attempt by a Democratic senator to return a father wrongly deported to El Salvador.

Chris Van Hollen arrived in El Salvador on Wednesday to speak to the country’s leaders about Kilmar Abrego Garcia, who was removed from the US by the Trump administration in March despite an immigration court order preventing his deportation.

Washington acknowledged Mr Garcia was deported due to an “administrative error”.

The US Supreme Court has called on the administration to facilitate his return, upholding a court order by Judge Paula Xinis, but Trump officials have claimed Mr Garcia has ties to the MS-13 gang.

Mr Garcia’s lawyers have argued there is no evidence of this.

Speaking about Mr Van Hollen’s trip to El Salvador, White House spokesperson Karoline Leavitt said the Democrats “still refuse to accept the will of the American people”.

She alleged Mr Garcia was an “illegal alien MS-13 terrorist” and claimed his wife petitioned for court protection against him after alleged incidents of domestic violence.

White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt.
Pic: AP/Jose Luis Magana
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White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt.
Pic: AP/Jose Luis Magana

After outlining the allegations against Mr Garcia, she went on: “All of that is not enough to stop the Democrat Party from their lies.

“The number one issue they are focused on right now is bringing back this illegal alien terrorist to America.

“It’s appalling and sad that Senator Van Hollen and the Democrats are plotting his trip to El Salvador today, are incapable of having any shred of common sense or empathy for their own constituents and our citizens.”

After making a statement, Ms Leavitt introduced Patty Morin, who described graphic details of her daughter’s murder by an immigrant from El Salvador.

Rachel Morin was raped and murdered by Victor Martinez-Hernandez along a popular hiking trail northeast of Baltimore.

Afterwards, Ms Leavitt left without taking any questions from reporters.

Kilmar Abrego Garcia. Pic: CASA / AP
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Kilmar Abrego Garcia. Pic: CASA/AP

Senator travels to El Salvador

Mr Van Hollen met with the El Salvador vice president during his trip to the Central American country.

But he did not meet with President Nayib Bukele, who publicly met with Donald Trump in the Oval Office this week, nor did he meet Mr Garcia himself.

US senator Chris Van Hollen speaking to the media in El Salvador. 
Pic: Reuters/Jose Cabezas
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US senator Chris Van Hollen has been in El Salvador.
Pic: Reuters/Jose Cabezas

In a post on X, he said he would continue to fight for Mr Garcia’s return.

During Mr Bukele’s trip to the White House earlier this week, he said he would not return Mr Garcia, likening it to smuggling “a terrorist into the United States”.

Along with Mr Garcia, the Trump administration has deported hundreds of people, mostly Venezuelans, who it claims are gang members without presenting evidence and without a trial.

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‘I’m talking about violent people’

Judge’s contempt warning

It comes hours after a US federal judge warned that he could hold the Trump administration in criminal contempt for violating his orders to turn around planes carrying deportees to El Salvador.

The comments are an escalation in a row which began last month when US district judge James E Boasberg issued an order temporarily blocking the deportations.

However, lawyers told him there were already two planes with immigrants in the air – one headed for El Salvador, the other for Honduras.

Mr Boasberg verbally ordered the planes to be turned around, but the directive was not included in his written order. The Trump administration then denied refusing to comply.

Charges could be brought forward by the Justice Department, NBC News, Sky’s US partner network, reported.

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However, that could create an uncomfortable situation for the department, which is headed by the attorney general – a position appointed by the president.

If the executive-led Justice Department refused to prosecute the matter, Judge Boasberg said he would appoint another attorney to prosecute the contempt.

The judge wrote: “The Constitution does not tolerate wilful disobedience of judicial orders – especially by officials of a coordinate branch who have sworn an oath to uphold it.”

He gave the government a 23 April deadline.

White House director of communications Steven Cheung said the administration would seek “immediate appellate relief” – a review of a decision within a lower court before the case has been resolved.

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Israeli troops will remain in ‘security zones’ in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria indefinitely, minister says

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Israeli troops will remain in 'security zones' in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria indefinitely, minister says

Israel’s troops will remain in “security zones” in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria indefinitely, according to the country’s defence minister.

Israeli forces have taken over more than half of the Gaza Strip in recent weeks in a renewed campaign to pressure the territory’s rulers Hamas to free hostages after a ceasefire ended last month.

Israel has also refused to withdraw from some areas in Lebanon following a truce with Hezbollah last year, and it seized a buffer zone in southern Syria after President Assad’s regime was overthrown last December.

Israeli defence minister Israel Katz said his forces “will remain in the security zones as a buffer between the enemy and [Israeli] communities in any temporary or permanent situation in Gaza – as in Lebanon and Syria”.

He said that “unlike in the past” the military was “not evacuating areas that have been cleared and seized”.

His comments could further complicate talks with Hamas over a ceasefire and the release of hostages.

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Gazans struggle to find bodies under rubble

On Wednesday, health officials said Israeli strikes in Gaza killed 22 people, including a girl who was less than a year old.

Fifty-nine hostages are still inside Gaza, 24 of whom are believed to be alive, after dozens of others were previously released in ceasefire agreements or other deals.

Israeli defence minister Israel Katz. Pic: AP
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Israeli defence minister Israel Katz. Pic: AP

Meanwhile, Lebanese President Joseph Aoun said Israel’s continued presence in some areas in Lebanon was “hindering” the Lebanese army’s full deployment as required by the ceasefire negotiated with Israel.

The war left over 4,000 people dead, many of them civilians.

Two Israeli drone strikes in southern Lebanon on Wednesday killed two people, the health ministry said. The United Nations said Israeli strikes in Lebanon have killed more than 70 civilians since the ceasefire took effect in November.

Read more:
Lack of rescue equipment leaves Gazans dying under rubble
A timeline of events since the 7 October attacks

Israel has said it must keep control of some areas to prevent a repeat of the Hamas attack that triggered the latest conflict in Gaza.

The war began when militants attacked southern Israel on 7 October 2023, killing 1,200 people, mostly civilians, and kidnapping about 250.

Israel’s retaliatory offensive has killed more than 51,000 people, according to Gaza’s health ministry.

The figure includes more than 1,600 people killed since a ceasefire ended and Israel resumed its offensive last month to pressure Hamas to accept changes to the agreement.

The health ministry does not distinguish between civilians and combatants in its total count but said that more than half of the fatalities are women and children.

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