Microsoft agrees to buy electricity generated from Sam Altman-backed fusion company Helion in 2028
A view of the end of Helion’s seventh generation prototype, the Polaris.
Photo courtesy Helion
Microsoft said Wednesday it has signed a power purchase agreement with nuclear fusion startup Helion Energy to buy electricity from it in 2028.
The deal is a notable vote of confidence for fusion, which is the way the sun makes power and holds promise of being able to generate nearly unlimited clean power, if it can be harnessed and commercialized on earth. For decades, fusion been lauded as the holy grail of clean energy — tantalizing because it’s limitless and clean, but always just out of reach.
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As responding to climate change has become an increasingly urgent goal for companies and countries around the globe, investors have poured $5 billion into private fusion companies looking to turn that holy grail into electrons flowing through wires.
Microsoft’s agreement to buy electricity from Helion is the first time a fusion company has inked a deal to sell electricity, according to Andrew Holland, the CEO of the Fusion Industry Association.
“This is the first time that I know of that a company has a power purchase agreement signed,” Holland told CNBC. “No one has delivered electricity, and Helion’s goal of 2028 is aggressive, but they have a strong plan for how to get there.”
Helion was founded in 2013 and currently has about 150 employees, with headquarters in Everett, Wash. One of the early and most significant investors in Helion, Sam Altman, is also a founder of OpenAI, the artificial intelligence organization that developed the chat platform ChatGPT, in which Microsoft has invested many billions of dollars. Altman believes the two deals are equally important and correlated components of the future he sees for humanity.
“My vision of the future and why I love these two companies is that if we can drive the cost intelligence and the cost of energy way, way down, the quality of life for all of us will increase incredibly,” Altman told CNBC. “If we can make AI systems more and more powerful for less and less money — same thing we are trying to do with energy at Helion — I view these two projects as spiritually very aligned.”
Samuel H. Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, speaks to media after meeting Japan’s Prime Minister Fumio Kishida at the Prime Minister’s office in Tokyo on April 10, 2023.
The Yomiuri Shimbun | AP
If demand for and use of artificial intelligence continues to increase, then that will increase demand for energy, too.
The potential of fusion is “unbelievably huge,” Altman told CNBC. “If we can get this to work — if we can really deliver on the dream of abundant, cheap, safe, clean energy that will transform society. It’s why I’ve been so passionate about this project for so long.”
In 2021, Altman told CNBC he put $375 million into Helion. As of Tuesday, this is still his largest investment ever, Altman told CNBC. In total, Helion has raised raised $577 million.
Why Helion is announcing a 2028 goal now
As part of the power purchase agreement, Helion is expected to have its fusion generation device online by 2028 and to reach its target power generation of 50 megawatts or more within an agreed-upon one-year ramp up period. When the fusion device is fully up to speed producing 50 megawatts of energy, it will be able to power the equivalent of approximately 40,000 homes in Washington state.
While Helion’s deal with Microsoft is to get 50 megawatts online, the company eventually aims to produce a gigawatt of electricity, which is one billion watts, or 20 million times the 50 megawatts it is selling to Microsoft.
Microsoft will pay for the megawatt hours of electricity as Helion delivers them to the grid.
“This is a real PPA, so there’s financial penalties if Helion can’t deliver power. So we’ve really put our skin in the game on this too — that we believe we can deliver this power and are committed to it with our own financial incentives,” David Kirtley, CEO at Helion, told CNBC.
Helion’s co-founders. From left to right: Chris Pihl (CTO), David Kirtley (CEO), George Votroubek (Director of Research).
Photo courtesy Helion
Altman advocated for the two companies to work together, he told CNBC, but the deal is the result of work Helion has done independently. “It was not my doing,” he said.
Microsoft and Helion have been working together for years, Kirtley told CNBC. “The first visit we had from the Microsoft team was probably three of our prototypes ago, so many years ago. And then we’ve been working very closely with their data center technology team here in Redmond,” Kirtley said.
After all, Microsoft needs power and has aggressive climate goals. Microsoft has a goal to have 100% of its electricity consumption, 100% of the time, matched by zero-carbon energy purchases by 2030. Carbon-free energy includes hydro, nuclear and renewables for Microsoft, a Microsoft spokesperson told CNBC.
“We are optimistic that fusion energy can be an important technology to help the world transition to clean energy,” Brad Smith, president at Microsoft, said in a written statement. “Helion’s announcement supports our own long term clean energy goals and will advance the market to establish a new, efficient method for bringing more clean energy to the grid, faster.”
An electrical engineer preparing for a test at Helion.
Photo courtesy Helion
For Helion to be able to deliver electricity generated by fusion to customers requires years of advance planning on the transmission and regulatory fronts.
In that way, announcing a contract now to sell electricity in 2028 gives Helion time to plan and to pick a location in Washington State to put this new fusion device.
“One reason we’re doing the announcement today is that so we can be working with the communities involved, we can be working with regulators, and the power utility on citing this right now,” Kirtley told CNBC. “Even five years is a short amount of time to be hooked up to the grid. And we want to make sure that we can do that.”
Indeed, the transmission system in the United States, meaning the series of wires that carry electricity from where it is generated to where it is used, is largely tapped out. Getting new power generation connected to the grid can take years. Helion is working with Constellation to secure its transmission needs.
‘We’re not here to build systems in a lab’
The best-known pathway to commercializing fusion is with a donut-shaped device called a tokamak. The international fusion project under construction in Southern France called ITER is building a tokamak, and Commonwealth Fusion Systems, a fusion start-up spun out of MIT which has raised more than $2 billion in funding, is using tokamak technology. For comparison, CFS plans to have its first power plant on the grid and selling electricity in the early 2030s.
Helion is not building a tokamak. It is building a long narrow device called a Field Reversed Configuration.
An infographic showing how Helion’s fusion technology works.
Infographic from Helion
Broadly speaking, Helion’s approach involves shooting plasma (the fourth state of matter after solid, liquid and gas) from both ends of the device at a velocity greater than one million miles per hour. The two streams smash into each other, creating a superhot dense plasma, where fusion occurs.
Helion is currently building its seventh-generation fusion machine, named Polaris, which it aims to produce electricity with by next year, Kirtley told CNBC.
“We’re not here to build systems in a lab. We’re here to sell electricity. This is always been the dream,” Altman told CNBC.
So far, Helion has been able to generate energy with its fusion prototypes, but it has not yet built a device that creates more electricity than it uses to run the fusion device. So the firm has a lot of work ahead.
To that, Altman says: “There were a lot of people that were doubting A.I. six months ago, too.”
“Either the technology here is going to work or not. There’s a lot of huge challenges still to figure out — how are we going to get the cost super-low, how are we going to manufacture at scale — but on the ability to actually do the physics, we feel very confident,” Altman told CNBC. “And I think it’s fine for people to doubt it. But also the way that you eventually reduced that doubt is to show to show people it actually works in the commercial setting, like delivering on this deal.”
Helion has been making progress on some key hurdles.
For example, the company has started making its own capacitors, which are sort of like super-efficient batteries and one of Helion’s very significant capital costs.
It has also started to make the very rare fuel it uses, helium three, which is a very rare type of helium with one extra neutron. It used used to get helium-three from the U.S. government strategic reserves.
Next up, Helion has to demonstrate that its devices can work reliably for long periods of time, and Kirtley has a team working on durability of the components used in the device.
If Helion can be successful, it’s going to be a landmark for the entire fusion industry.
“This really signals that a fusion era is coming. And we’re all very excited about it,” Kirtley told CNBC.
A Tesla manager who was recently fired for warning that CEO Elon Musk was ruining the company, Matthew LaBrot, has given an interview to give more details about the situation and how he doesn’t see Tesla coming out of it.
Last month, we reported on how LaBrot, a 5-year veteran manager at Tesla, led an effort to represent Tesla employees who believe CEO Elon Musk has become an obstacle to the company’s success through an open letter.
He called for Musk to resign:
The damage done to Elon’s personal brand is now irreversible and as the public face of Tesla, that damage has become our burden. We are now at a crossroads: continue with Elon as CEO and face further decline as customers abandon the brand, or move forward without him and allow our products and mission to succeed or fail on their own.
Unsurprisingly, he was quickly let go.
LaBrot has never given an interview with Hard Reset in which he went into a lot more detail about the situation.
First off, after being attacked by Musk fans, LaBrot established that he was a successful employee at Tesla.
He joined the automaker in 2019 as an assistant manager and quickly advanced through the ranks, becoming a general manager and subsequently transitioning to corporate roles in sales and training.
He said:
I think I added a ton of value, especially the last position. Every sales and delivery employee was being trained through my words. And I think that that shows the trust that Tesla had in me. It is kind of crazy to be on the outside now, no longer being a part of that.
LaBrot owns a Cybertruck and a Model Y. You can’t call him a Tesla hater.
He is a true believer in the mission to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles, and his job revolved around that:
You know, this wasn’t a new thing for me. Over my entire time at Tesla, I considered myself an activist for electric vehicles, and clean energy. For almost six years, I’ve been focused on overcoming misinformation about EVs and helping grow that mission. It has become easier in recent years, but in my first couple of years at the company, every sales conversation we would have involved trying to change people’s opinions. Once we hit a tipping point where the person who’s running this company is now pushing customers away from the mission, then the priority shifted. That priority was to be an activist to try to save the company.
The former Tesla manager explained that he used to admire Musk and that he even joined Twitter when he bought it, but he quickly got disillusioned by it.
From there, he reported starting to see growing difficulties trying to convince Tesla customers to upgrade and return to the brand, which he partly linked to what Musk was saying on the social media platform and his public support for people Tesla has been fighting in its mission to accelerate EV adoption.
When asked how Musk has been allowed to continue running Tesla amid all the various controversies, he said that he thought the board would act after Trump’s inauguration, but he saw them instead doubling down, allowing him to lead all-hands meetings by himself without other leadership.
He became the clear sole leader at Tesla.
LaBrott also highlighted how Tesla claimed that the decline in sales in Q1 was solely due to the Model Y changeover, as we have been extensively reporting over the last few months, the problem is much bigger:
Without speaking to anything that hasn’t been published — the Q1 numbers obviously came out and showed a decline. You’ll hear what they’re saying about while we were ramping up production, that’s why we didn’t sell very many cars. People were waiting for new Model Y. Fine. But now you can just use your eyes and drive by any location and see how many new Model Ys are available, in inventory. You can go to the Tesla website, and get almost any configuration of a new Model Y available same day. That is not how Tesla works. The company needs a backlog in orders to hit the delivery numbers that they have.
The former manager was pretty clear that he doesn’t see this trend getting reversed for anything other than Musk leaving and even also selling his stake in Tesla:
I don’t think that there’s anything he can do to change the people’s opinion that have decided they’re not going to support Tesla outside of him leaving. And even a lot of people that I’ve spoken to don’t even think that’s enough at this point. They want him to sell all his shares and things like that, which I don’t expect. I think for Tesla, as far as vehicle sales go, it’s game over.
He highlighted that he understands that Musk has been claiming he doesn’t care about EV sales anymore because he believes it’s all about autonomous driving and robots, which LaBrot actually likes as a long term goal, but he thinks the current EV sale trend will result in Tesla becoming unprofitable before it can get there.
LaBrot had a message to current Tesla employees:
For employees still there, collect your paycheck if you want, ride this thing down to the grave, that makes sense to me financially. But I think it’s just important for people to acknowledge that this is not going to get better with that guy in charge.
Though he sympathizes with people over the current job market and believes that companies are taking advantage of this situation, which discourages people from speaking out against situations like the one at Tesla.
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Like manual transmission shifting, the ability back a tow hitch under a trailer coupler seems to be a skill that younger generations have given up on – but that doesn’t mean they don’t want to haul their bikes, boats, or RVs out into the wilderness. Now, a new patent reveals GM’s plans to make hooking a trailer to your vehicle even easier, with a drone.
The watchdogs over at GM Authority have uncovered a new filing with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) published 27MAY2025, under patent number US 12,312,107 B2.
The new GM patent describes a smart trailering system that uses a semi-autonomous electric drone to help inexperienced drivers manage their combined towing rigs with a combination of vehicle telematics and a comprehensive array of cameras, radar, and LiDAR sensors that are constantly tracking the truck, the trailer, and the road conditions ahead.
More than that, however, the drone system reportedly runs a series of safety checks that new trailerers and RVers may not know how – or even that they should be doing. These include checks to ensure that the trailer is properly attached to the hitch, checking the trailer’s load balance for handling and safety, and confirming that brake lights and turn signals are functioning properly.
Guardian angel drone
Once on the road, the drone can follow along, providing a live video feed to eliminate blind spots while changing lanes. GM says the system could also alert the driver if something is wrong, like if the trailer is swaying too much or if cargo has come loose or shifted unexpectedly.
Finally, the drone can fly directly above the vehicle and trailer rig, giving drivers the sort of overhead “360” view they might already be familiar with in their GM vehicles – but expanded to include the trailer as well. In concept, it’ll look something like this (below).
GM drone overhead view
There’s a lot more to this, with boat launching assist, hitch guidance, and other safety angles, but you get the idea. This isn’t quite the self-hitching, self-parking, Segway-like Airstream concept shown at CES 2022, but it’s definitely a step in the right direction – especially if, like me, you believe that the best way to teach someone to appreciate nature is to get them out in it.
Let us know what you think of all this drone assisted high-tech driver support tech GM is working on in the comments.
SOURCES: USPTO, via GM Authority; featured image via ChatGPT.
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