WASHINGTON – Social media can profoundly harm the mental health of young people, particularly adolescent girls, the United States Surgeon-General warned in an advisory on Tuesday, as he called for safeguards against tech companies for children who are at critical stages of brain development.
US Surgeon-General Vivek Murthy said that while social media offers some benefits, there are ample indicators that social media could also harm childrens well-being.
We are in the middle of a national youth mental health crisis, and I am concerned that social media is an important driver of that crisis one that we must urgently address, Dr Murthy said.
Social media use may cause and perpetuate body image issues, affect eating behaviours and sleep quality, and lead to social comparison and low self-esteem, especially among adolescent girls, the advisory said, citing responses from a survey conducted among adolescents.
Adolescents who spend more than three hours per day on social media face double the risk of experiencing poor mental health outcomes, such as symptoms of depression and anxiety, according to the advisory.
Most adolescents say social media helps them feel more accepted, more supported during tough times, more connected to their friends, and more creative, the advisory noted.
It said policymakers should strengthen safety standards in ways that enhance those benefits for kids of all ages, while noting that inappropriate and harmful content continues to be easily and widely accessible to children.
Tech companies should adhere to age limits to control access to social media platforms, and be transparent about data regarding the impact of their products on children, the advisory urged.
Algorithms and platform design should seek to maximise the potential benefits of social media instead of features designed to make users spend more time on them, it added.
The first principle of healthcare is to do no harm thats the same standard we need to start holding social media platforms to, said chief executive of the American Psychiatric Association Saul Levin. Remote video URL The report includes suggestions for what parents, tech companies, as well as children and adolescents can do to avoid dangerous pitfalls and make the social media experience more positive.
They include creation of a family media plan, encouraging in-person friendships, talking to children about how they spend their time online, and encouraging them to seek help should they need it.
It also includes a reminder of the US new 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline if you or someone you know is experiencing a mental health crisis. REUTERS More On This Topic Amid TikTok scrutiny, how effective are parental curbs on social media? Smartphones and social media are destroying childrens mental health Helplines Mental well-being Institute of Mental Healths Mental Health Helpline: 6389-2222 (24 hours) Samaritans of Singapore: 1800-221-4444 (24 hours) /1-767 (24 hours) Singapore Association for Mental Health: 1800-283-7019 Silver Ribbon Singapore: 6386-1928 Tinkle Friend: 1800-274-4788 Community Health Assessment Team 6493-6500/1 Counselling TOUCHline (Counselling): 1800-377-2252 TOUCH Care Line (for seniors, caregivers): 6804-6555 Care Corner Counselling Centre: 6353-1180 Online resources mindline.sg stayprepared.sg/mymentalhealth eC2.sg www.tinklefriend.sg www.chat.mentalhealth.sg carey.carecorner.org.sg (for those aged 13 to 25) limitless.sg/talk (for those aged 12 to 25)
Venezuela has accused Donald Trump of a “colonial threat” after he said the airspace “above and surrounding” the country should be considered closed “in its entirety”.
Mr Trumpmade the declaration amid growing tensions with President Maduro – and as the US continues attacking boats it claims are carrying drugs from Venezuela.
He wrote on Truth Social: “To all Airlines, Pilots, Drug Dealers, and Human Traffickers, please consider THE AIRSPACE ABOVE AND SURROUNDING VENEZUELA TO BE CLOSED IN ITS ENTIRETY.”
Image: Air traffic above Venezuela on Saturday afternoon. Pic: FlightRadar24
Venezuela’s foreign affairs office called it a “colonial threat” and “illegal, and unjustified aggression”.
It accused the president of threatening “the sovereignty of the national airspace… and the full sovereignty of the Venezuelan state”.
President Trump’s words were part of a “permanent policy of aggression against our country” that breached international law and the UN Charter, it added.
The Pentagon and the White House have so far not given any additional detail on the president’s statement.
Mr Trump’s post comes after the American aviation regulator last week warned of a “potentially hazardous situation” over Venezuela due to a “worsening security situation”.
Image: Nicolas Maduro is widely considered a dictator by the West. Pic: Reuters
The South American nation revoked operating rights for six major airlines that went on to suspend flights to the country.
Mr Trump warned a few days ago that land operations against suspected Venezuelan drug traffickers would begin “very soon”.
Such a move would be a major escalation in Operation Southern Spear – the US naval deployment in the Caribbean Sea and eastern Pacific that’s so far attacked at least 21 vessels.
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Three killed as US strikes another alleged drug boat
Venezuela has said the attacks, which have killed more than 80 people, amount to murder.
The US has released videos of boats being targeted, but hasn’t provided evidence – such as photos of their cargo – to support the smuggling claims.
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1:41
Venezuela claims Trump creating ‘fables’ to justify ‘war’
The Pentagon has sought to justify the strikes by labelling the drug gangs as “foreign terrorist organisations” – putting them on par with the likes of al Qaeda.
It claims the boats targeted are carrying drugs bound for the US, although Sky’s chief correspondent says the final destination is likely to be Europe and West Africa.
President Maduro has denied Mr Trump’s claims he is involved in the drugs trade himself and said his counterpart wants to oust him so he can install a more sympathetic government.
Venezuelan officials have also claimed Mr Trump’s true motivation is access to the country’s plentiful oil reserves.
Mr Maduro is widely considered a dictator who’s cheated elections and has been president since 2013.
Venezuela has accused Donald Trump of a “colonial threat” after he said the airspace “above and surrounding” the country should be considered closed “in its entirety”.
Mr Trumpmade the declaration amid growing tensions with President Maduro – and as the US continues attacking boats it claims are carrying drugs from Venezuela.
He wrote on Truth Social: “To all Airlines, Pilots, Drug Dealers, and Human Traffickers, please consider THE AIRSPACE ABOVE AND SURROUNDING VENEZUELA TO BE CLOSED IN ITS ENTIRETY.”
Image: Air traffic above Venezuela on Saturday afternoon. Pic: FlightRadar24
Venezuela’s foreign affairs office called it a “colonial threat” and “illegal, and unjustified aggression”.
It accused the president of threatening “the sovereignty of the national airspace… and the full sovereignty of the Venezuelan state”.
President Trump’s words were part of a “permanent policy of aggression against our country” that breached international law and the UN Charter, it added.
The Pentagon and the White House have so far not given any additional detail on the president’s statement.
Mr Trump’s post comes after the American aviation regulator last week warned of a “potentially hazardous situation” over Venezuela due to a “worsening security situation”.
Image: Nicolas Maduro is widely considered a dictator by the West. Pic: Reuters
The South American nation revoked operating rights for six major airlines that went on to suspend flights to the country.
Mr Trump warned a few days ago that land operations against suspected Venezuelan drug traffickers would begin “very soon”.
Such a move would be a major escalation in Operation Southern Spear – the US naval deployment in the Caribbean Sea and eastern Pacific that’s so far attacked at least 21 vessels.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
0:59
Three killed as US strikes another alleged drug boat
Venezuela has said the attacks, which have killed more than 80 people, amount to murder.
The US has released videos of boats being targeted, but hasn’t provided evidence – such as photos of their cargo – to support the smuggling claims.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
1:41
Venezuela claims Trump creating ‘fables’ to justify ‘war’
The Pentagon has sought to justify the strikes by labelling the drug gangs as “foreign terrorist organisations” – putting them on par with the likes of al Qaeda.
It claims the boats targeted are carrying drugs bound for the US, although Sky’s chief correspondent says the final destination is likely to be Europe and West Africa.
President Maduro has denied Mr Trump’s claims he is involved in the drugs trade himself and said his counterpart wants to oust him so he can install a more sympathetic government.
Venezuelan officials have also claimed Mr Trump’s true motivation is access to the country’s plentiful oil reserves.
Mr Maduro is widely considered a dictator who’s cheated elections and has been president since 2013.
A disgraced surgeon accused of harming patients is unlikely to ever return from Libya to face justice, a lawyer familiar with the country’s legal system has told Sky News.
Former NHS Tayside neurosurgeon Sam Eljamel is originally from Libya and is believed to be operating there now.
Suspended from his work at a hospital in Dundee in 2013, Eljamel is accused by dozens of former patients of carrying out life-changing “botched” brain and spinal operations. The claims include removing the wrong body parts.
Image: Sam Eljamel. Pic: DC Thomson & Co Ltd
A public inquiry is under way and Police Scotland is examining up to 200 patient cases as part of an ongoing criminal investigation.
‘Paralysed by my surgeon’
Annemarie Pymm, a former tax worker, lives in Perth with her husband Dougie. She is paralysed and can barely speak after undergoing two brain operations by Eljamel to remove cancer and requires 24/7 care.
Sitting next to his wife, Mr Pymm told Sky News: “She can’t walk. She can’t talk. She can’t do anything for herself.”
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Image: Annemarie Pymm with her husband Dougie
The Pymms are part of a growing group of families who are demanding answers and accountability.
“Professor Eljamel… Do you know what he has done to my wife and 200 other people? He mutilated them,” Dougie said.
Eljamel was head of neurosurgery at NHS Tayside from 1995 to 2013. He was lauded as one of Europe’s leading brain surgeons and boasted a CV that was pages long.
When allegations of malpractice first emerged, NHS bosses allowed the surgeon to operate on a further 111 patients unsupervised despite being under clinical supervision.
Health chiefs have since admitted patients were put at unnecessary risk.
Image: Protesters outside the Scottish Parliament asking for a public inquiry into the care given to patients by Eljamel. Pic: PA
His final NHS patient: ‘I sued and won’
One of those patients was Jules Rose, who is now the lead campaigner in this scandal.
Medical notes reveal Ms Rose, who lives in Kinross, had a tear gland removed instead of a brain tumour during Eljamel’s last ever surgery on Scottish soil.
She was unaware he was under investigation at the time and has since won a successful lawsuit against the NHS.
Image: Jules Rose
She said: “Where were the checks and balances in all of this? Where were the systemic processes that Eljamel should have been going through?”
The former marathon runner describes Eljamel as a “butcher” who has destroyed her life.
Sky News contacted the hospital in Misrata, Libya, where Eljamel is thought to be employed. An employee confirmed he works there almost every day but declined our request to speak directly to him.
Image: A campaigner outside the Scottish Parliament in February. Pic: PA
Will Eljamel ever be extradited to UK?
A formal extradition treaty exists between the UK and Libya, allowing Libyan nationals to be sent back to Britain in certain criminal circumstances.
Professor Peter Watson is a senior lawyer who represented British families in the decades-long diplomatic and legal battle with Libya over the Lockerbie bombing, the UK’s worst-ever terror attack.
All passengers and crew on board Pan Am flight 103 were killed when the plane exploded over the Scottish town in 1988.
The subsequent investigation, involving Mr Watson, centred on discussions with authorities in Libya after various Libyan nationals were accused of the terror attack.
Sky News visited him to ask him, with his knowledge of how the system operates there, his views on the prospect of Eljamel being brought back to Scotland to face any formal charges, if any were brought forward.
Image: Professor Peter Watson speaks to Sky’s Connor Gillies
Mr Watson told Sky News: “I think the challenge is probably too big. The steps that Crown Office and the police would be required to take would require the cooperation and agreement of the Libyan authorities. It is difficult to see how that would happen.”
He concluded: “Libya is a country in turmoil. Various factions are fighting to take control of various parts. You’d have to persuade the Libyan authorities that it was in the interests of their citizens and of Libya for this process to take place.”
Image: A protester’s sign outside the Scottish Parliament in 2023. Pic: PA
Public inquiry gets under way
In 2021, a Scottish court ordered Dr Eljamel to pay a former patient £2.8m in compensation after a judge ruled the surgeon was entirely to blame for leaving a woman with serious disabilities.
A judge-led independent public inquiry examining what went wrong is now under way in Edinburgh.
It is examining, among other areas, failures including a lack of effective systems to pick up on recurrent mistakes by surgeons during Eljamel’s tenure in Scotland.
Earlier this week, it emerged that 40 hard copy theatre logbooks containing information on surgeries carried out by Eljamel between 1995 and 2013 had been destroyed.
They were wrecked in July this year despite a formal “Do Not Destroy” order being in place for the inquiry.
NHS Tayside has apologised and said it will fully comply with the investigations and inquiries.