Years of austerity left the UK hugely unprepared for the coronavirus pandemic, according to a report.
The TUC said funding cuts left health and social care “dangerously understaffed” and reduced its capacity to respond to the COVID-19 crisis.
Multiple years of pay caps and pay freezes undermined safe staffing levels in health and social care, which impeded recruitment and increased staff turnover, the report said.
Public services capacity was damaged by “steep cuts” to almost every part of the public sector, it added.
When the pandemic began in 2020, spending per capita was lower than in 2010 in social care, transport, housing, childcare, schools, higher education, police, fire services, and environmental protection, according to the TUC, the federation of trade unions.
It claimed this limited the ability of public services to contribute effectively to civil contingencies and to continue essential activities effectively, such as children’s education.
The report added that during the pandemic, when workplace risks multiplied, workplace inspections and enforcement notices fell to an all-time low.
Funding for the Health and Safety Executive was 43% lower in 2021/22 than in 2009/10 in real terms, with staff numbers cut, it claimed.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
0:45
COVID no longer global health emergency
‘Austerity cost the nation dearly’
TUC general secretary Paul Nowak said: “To learn lessons and save future lives, we must take an unflinching look at the choices made by our leaders in the years before the pandemic.
“In the NHS and social care, funding cuts put staff levels in the danger zone.
“Cuts to social security pushed many more people below the poverty line, leaving them more vulnerable to infection, and cuts to health and safety left workers exposed to rogue employers who cut corners and put their lives at risk.
“Austerity cost the nation dearly. It left us hugely unprepared for the pandemic, and it left far too many workers unprotected. The consequences were painful and tragic.
“The inquiry is our chance to learn the lessons – and to understand why we have to rebuild our public services so that they are strong enough to protect us in a future crisis.”
The report was published ahead of a joint press conference with the COVID-19 Bereaved Families for Justice group on Monday about the lessons they believe must be learned through the UK COVID-19 inquiry.
David Cameron and George Osborne, prime minister and chancellor during the austerity years, have been called to provide evidence to the inquiry.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy has called on Ukraine’s partners to make sure Russia doesn’t “deceive” them over a ceasefire.
After breakthrough talks between Ukrainian and US officials in Saudi Arabia, Kyiv said it was ready to accept a proposed 30-day ceasefire with Russia.
But his nightly address on Wednesday evening, a day after the Jeddah summit, President Zelenskyy said, “we must move toward peace” – but issued a warning to allies.
“The key factor is our partners’ ability to ensure Russia’s readiness not to deceive but to genuinely end the war,” the Ukrainian leader said. “Because right now, Russian strikes have not stopped.”
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
The focus has now switched to Vladimir Putin’s response to the proposed ceasefire. President Trump said the US had received “some positive messages” adding: “We have people going to Russia right now”.
However, he warned Moscow: “In a financial sense, yeah we could do things very bad for Russia, would be devastating for Russia.”
More on Russia
Related Topics:
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
2:03
Will Russia go for ceasefire deal?
European defence ministers, meeting in Paris, said now was the time for Moscow to show it was serious about ending the war.
UK Defence Secretary John Healey was among those attending, and had a direct message for Russia’s president: “I say to president Putin, over to you, you want to talk, prove it.”
Mr Healey called on Russia to accept the ceasefire and end the war, adding, “the pressure is now on Putin”.
For his part, President Putin has been playing to his domestic audience with a visit to Kursk, where Russian troops finally seem to be gaining the upper hand against Ukrainian forces who seized territory in the Russian region last year.
Image: The Russian line is approaching Sumy from Kursk Oblast
Dressed in camouflage, the Russian president called for his forces to defeat the enemy and completely liberate Kursk, in remarks reported by the Interfax news agency.
He also said enemy troops captured in the region will be treated as terrorists, as Russia’s chief of the general staff told Mr Putin that Ukrainian forces in the region are surrounded.
Hostages have been killed after separatist militants hijacked a train carrying hundreds of passengers in Pakistan, authorities have said.
The Pakistan military (ISPR) said 21 hostages were killed, as well as four security force soldiers, on the train that was carrying more than 400 people.
Earlier on Wednesday, the Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) claimed responsibility for the attack and said they had killed 50 people.
A Pakistani government spokesman described the attack as “an act of terrorism,” and passengers who had been freed described how gunfire was “coming from everywhere”.
ISPR director general Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry added in a statement: “Today we freed a large number of people, including women and children. The final operation was carried out with great care.”
Image: A soldier stands guard next to a rescue train after the hijack by separatist militants. Pic: Reuters
The train was hijacked on Tuesday as it entered a tunnel in Bolan, a district in the southwestern province of Balochistan.
The Jaffar Express was packed with 440 people, including women and children, Mr Chaudhry told local broadcaster Dunya TV.
He added that “militants were in touch with their handlers and masterminds in Afghanistan via satellite phones” during the incident.
Image: Passengers rescued by security forces from the hijacked train. Pic: AP
The train was on a 1,000-mile journey from Quetta to the city of Peshawar.
Militants blew up the railway tracks before firing at the train, killing the driver and trapping it inside a tunnel at Mashkaf.
Security forces exchanged gunfire with the militants who were wearing vests loaded with explosives.
Image: The train was hijacked as it entered a tunnel in Bolan, Pakistan
‘God saved us’
Noor Muhammad, who was travelling with his wife, said: “First, they hit the engine with an RPG (rocket-propelled grenade).
“After that, gunfire started and explosions were heard, RPGs were used. God saved us.
“They made us get off (the train) and told us to get down or they would shoot. We got down and then they said ‘leave’.”
Image: Officials said a large number of the hostages had been rescued. Pic: AP
Bashir Yousaf, who was with his family, said: “Everyone was crying and passengers were shouting, everyone was lying on the floor trying to save their lives.
“The sound of gunfire was coming from everywhere, then they (insurgents) told us to get down.
“After getting off we were told not to look back. I just kept walking without looking back to save my family’s lives.”
Image: A soldier keeps watch near to the scene of the hijacked train. Pic: AP
Mr Chaudhry added to Dunya TV that security forces “first took out some of the militants and then began clearing compartment by compartment killing the militants”.
He said the total number of militants was 33, and added that no passenger was hurt or killed during rescue operations.
However, he added that before “the final clearance,” 21 people were killed by the militants. Four Frontier Corps soldiers were also killed.
“Perpetrators will be hunted down and will be brought to justice,” he said. “This incident of the Jaffar Express changes the rules of the game.”
Image: Soldiers and police have been deployed at sites close to the hijacking. Pic AP
Earlier in the day, Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif condemned the attack and said security officials were “repelling” the militants, while interior minister Mohsin Naqvi called the attackers “enemies” of the country.
The BLA – designated a terrorist organisation by the UK – had demanded the release of Baloch political prisoners, activists, and missing persons within 48 hours.
It had threatened to start executing the hostages if the government did not fulfil its demands.
The group often targets infrastructure and security forces in Balochistan but has also struck in other areas, including the southern port city Karachi and the strategic port of Gwadar on the Arabian Sea.
Hostages have been killed after separatist militants hijacked a train carrying hundreds of passengers in Pakistan, authorities have said.
The Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) claimed responsibility for the attack and said they had killed 50 people on the train that was carrying more than 400.
Government officials have not confirmed how many hostages have been killed. Sarfraz Bugti, the chief minister in Balochistan province, said “we people have also been martyred, but we will share details later”.
More than 50 militants have been killed and the insurgent attack has now ended after a day-long stand-off, according to officials.
Image: A soldier stands guard next to a rescue train after the hijack by separatist militants. Pic: Reuters
Security officials told the Associated Press news agency that more than 300 hostages had been rescued.
Pakistan’s junior interior minister Talal Chaudhry said 70 to 80 attackers had hijacked the train.
A Pakistani government spokesman described the attack as “an act of terrorism”.
Passengers who have been freed described how gunfire was “coming from everywhere”.
Image: Passengers rescued by security forces from the hijacked train. Pic: AP
The train was hijacked on Tuesday as it entered a tunnel in Bolan, a district in the southwestern province of Balochistan.
The Jaffar Express was packed with 425 people, including women and children.
The train was on a 1,000-mile journey from Quetta to the city of Peshawar.
Militants blew up the railway tracks before firing at the train, killing the driver and trapping it inside a tunnel at Mashkaf.
Security forces exchanged gunfire with the militants who were wearing vests loaded with explosives.
Image: The train was hijacked as it entered a tunnel in Bolan, Pakistan
Image: Officials said a large number of the hostages had been rescued. Pic: AP
Noor Muhammad, who was travelling with his wife, said: “First, they hit the engine with an RPG (rocket-propelled grenade).
“After that, gunfire started and explosions were heard, RPGs were used. God saved us. They made us get off (the train) and told us to get down or they would shoot. We got down and then they said ‘leave’.”
Bashir Yousaf, who was with his family, said: “Everyone was crying and passengers were shouting, everyone was lying on the floor trying to save their lives.
“The sound of gunfire was coming from everywhere, then they (insurgents) told us to get down.
“After getting off we were told not to look back. I just kept walking without looking back to save my family’s lives.”
Image: A soldier keeps watch near to the scene of the hijacked train. Pic: AP
Image: Soldiers and police have been deployed at sites close to the hijacking. Pic AP
Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif condemned the attack and said security officials were “repelling” the militants, while interior minister Mohsin Naqvi called the attackers “enemies” of Pakistan.
The BLA had demanded the release of Baloch political prisoners, activists, and missing persons within 48 hours.
It had threatened to start executing the hostages if the government did not fulfil its demands.