The bosses of Britain’s biggest banks have told Rishi Sunak that technology companies must contribute to the cost of an online fraud “pandemic” that is undermining international investor confidence in the UK economy.
Sky News has obtained a letter to the prime minister signed by the chief executives of nine lenders, including Barclays, NatWest and Nationwide, in which they warned that the UK has become “a global hotspot for fraud and scams”.
They said the government’s National Fraud Strategy, unveiled last month, were inadequate to tackle the scale of the crisis, which they believe is costing more than £1bn every year to tackle.
The bank chiefs told the PM that £2,300 was stolen from British consumers every day last year by fraudsters.
And they said that they would consider taking further action “to protect our customers” without wider government intervention, including slowing down payments, which they described as “a useful but blunt instrument that will mean some customers and businesses will find their legitimate transactions held up”.
“Online fraud poses a strategic threat to the prosperity of the UK and impacts the credibility of, and confidence in, the economy and financial sector,” they said in the letter, sent on June 6.
They want tech companies to be responsible for stopping scams at source, to contribute to refunds for victims of fraud originating on their platforms and for a public register showing the scale of tech giants’ failure to prevent scams.
The banks’ collective intervention underlines growing frustration at the fact that big technology companies such as Meta Platforms, the owner of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, are bearing so little of the financial burden generated by fraud.
This week, TSB wrote to the New York-listed company to demand that it polices its social media operations more robustly.
The TSB chief executive, Robin Bulloch, was among the signatories to the joint letter to the PM.
The others were Dame Alison Rose, the NatWest CEO; Debbie Crosbie, Nationwide chief executive; Lloyds Bank Group chief Charlie Nunn; Ian Stuart, boss of HSBC UK; Matt Hammerstein of Barclays UK; Mike Regnier, CEO of Santander UK; Mikael Sorensen of Handelsbanken; and Anne Boden, the outgoing CEO of Starling Bank.
It was also signed by Bob Wigley and David Postings, respectively the chairman and chief executive of UK Finance, the banking lobby group.
In it, they urged Mr Sunak to take further steps to combat “the devastating impact fraud is having on people, businesses, and the UK economy”.
“Online fraud poses a strategic threat to the prosperity of the UK and impacts the credibility of, and confidence in, the economy and financial sector,” they said.
“This should not be seen just as an issue for the UK’s banking sector.
“It is having a material impact on how attractive the wider UK financial sector is perceived by inward investors, which as we know, is critical for the health of the City of London and wider UK economy.”
Billions lost to fraud
The chiefs highlighted a UK Finance report which concluded that £1.2bn was lost to fraud of all kinds last year, and welcomed the appointment of Anthony Browne, the Conservative MP and former British Bankers’ Association chief.
They told Mr Sunak that the overwhelming majority of scams targeting UK consumers “originate with a small number of tech firms, social media firms and telcos”.
“A fraud strategy that fails to mandate action on all actors involved in the fraud journey and collective responsibility for the harm done to consumers, will never be effective.
“We are not confident that voluntary measures to be placed on the technology and telecommunication sectors will deliver the change required to reduce the UK’s attractiveness to fraudsters and prevent harm to customers.”
They complained that banks’ efforts to tackle the issue were being impaired by the Financial Ombudsman Service, which they said had placed a disproportionate burden on their industry.
The bosses also said recent conversations with government officials had not instilled confidence in Whitehall plans to clamp down on fraud.
They called on Mr Sunak to make voluntary measures aimed at the telecoms and tech sectors mandatory, and said they should be forced to educate consumers on the security and data risks of making payments.
Image: Bank chiefs told the PM that £2,300 was stolen from British consumers every day last year by fraudsters
Tech companies should also be obliged to provide more visible warnings to customers, the bank bosses said.
“One area that we believe requires urgent focus is that of the proliferation of purchase scams on META platforms, which is disproportionately higher than its peers,” they said.
“Tech firms, telcos and social media companies should bear responsibility for stopping scams at source and contributing to refunds when their platforms are used to defraud innocent victims.”
The bank chiefs claimed to have spent more than £500m in the last three years “building defences that help us stop more than £2bn a year in attempted fraud”.
Among their other requests to Mr Sunak was that data should be published regularly to name and shame tech companies over the level of fraud originating from their platforms.
“We can all see how these firms harvest user data for advertising revenue purposes: this in turn must offer ways to intervene to protect users from unscrupulous actors,” they said.
The bank chiefs also called on the government to be “more ambitious than the 10pc reduction [in online fraud] it is targeting which would still leave more than two million customers a year suffering harm.
“With collective commitment across the pillars the Strategy could be even more ambitious and aim for a more credible 25pc reduction in fraud.”
Britain’s biggest high street bank is in talks to buy Curve, the digital wallet provider, amid growing regulatory pressure on Apple to open its payment services to rivals.
Sky News has learnt that Lloyds Banking Group is in advanced discussions to acquire Curve for a price believed to be up to £120m.
City sources said this weekend that if the negotiations were successfully concluded, a deal could be announced by the end of September.
Curve was founded by Shachar Bialick, a former Israeli special forces soldier, in 2016.
Three years later, he told an interviewer: “In 10 years time we are going to be IPOed [listed on the public equity markets]… and hopefully worth around $50bn to $60bn.”
One insider said this weekend that Curve was being advised by KBW, part of the investment bank Stifel, on the discussions with Lloyds.
If a mooted price range of £100m-£120m turns out to be accurate, that would represent a lower valuation than the £133m Curve raised in its Series C funding round, which concluded in 2023.
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That round included backing from Britannia, IDC Ventures, Cercano Management – the venture arm of Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen’s estate – and Outward VC.
It was also reported to have raised more than £40m last year, while reducing employee numbers and suspending its US expansion.
In total, the company has raised more than £200m in equity since it was founded.
Curve has been positioned as a rival to Apple Pay in recent years, having initially launched as an app enabling consumers to combine their debit and credit cards in a single wallet.
One source close to the prospective deal said that Lloyds had identified Curve as a strategically attractive bid target as it pushes deeper into payments infrastructure under chief executive Charlie Nunn.
Lloyds is also said to believe that Curve would be a financially rational asset to own because of the fees Apple charges consumers to use its Apple Pay service.
In March, the Financial Conduct Authority and Payment Systems Regulator began working with the Competition and Markets Authority to examine the implications of the growth of digital wallets owned by Apple and Google.
Lloyds owns stakes in a number of fintechs, including the banking-as-a-service platform ThoughtMachine, but has set expanding its tech capabilities as a key strategic objective.
The group employs more than 70,000 people and operates more than 750 branches across Britain.
Curve is chaired by Lord Fink, the former Man Group chief executive who has become a prolific investor in British technology start-ups.
When he was appointed to the role in January, he said: “Working alongside Curve as an investor, I have had a ringside seat to the company’s unassailable and well-earned rise.
“Beginning as a card which combines all your cards into one, to the all-encompassing digital wallet it has evolved into, Curve offers a transformative financial management experience to its users.
“I am proud to have been part of the journey so far, and welcome the chance to support the company through its next, very significant period of growth.”
IDC Ventures, one of the investors in Curve’s Series C funding round, said at the time of its last major fundraising: “Thanks to their unique technology…they have the capability to intercept the transaction and supercharge the customer experience, with its Double Dip Rewards, [and] eliminating nasty hidden fees.
“And they do it seamlessly, without any need for the customer to change the cards they pay with.”
News of the talks between Lloyds and Curve comes days before Rachel Reeves, the chancellor, is expected to outline plans to bolster Britain’s fintech sector by endorsing a concierge service to match start-ups with investors.
Lord Fink declined to comment when contacted by Sky News on Saturday morning, while Curve did not respond to an enquiry sent by email.
Lloyds also declined to comment, while Stifel KBW could not be reached for comment.
The UK economy unexpectedly shrank in May, even after the worst of Donald Trump’s tariffs were paused, official figures showed.
A standard measure of economic growth, gross domestic product (GDP), contracted 0.1% in May, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS).
Rather than a fall being anticipated, growth of 0.1% was forecast by economists polled by Reuters as big falls in production and construction were seen.
It followed a 0.3% contraction in April, when Mr Trump announced his country-specific tariffs and sparked a global trade war.
A 90-day pause on these import taxes, which has been extended, allowed more normality to resume.
This was borne out by other figures released by the ONS on Friday.
Exports to the United States rose £300m but “remained relatively low” following a “substantial decrease” in April, the data said.
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Overall, there was a “large rise in goods imports and a fall in goods exports”.
A ‘disappointing’ but mixed picture
It’s “disappointing” news, Chancellor Rachel Reeves said. She and the government as a whole have repeatedly said growing the economy was their number one priority.
“I am determined to kickstart economic growth and deliver on that promise”, she added.
But the picture was not all bad.
Growth recorded in March was revised upwards, further indicating that companies invested to prepare for tariffs. Rather than GDP of 0.2%, the ONS said on Friday the figure was actually 0.4%.
It showed businesses moved forward activity to be ready for the extra taxes. Businesses were hit with higher employer national insurance contributions in April.
The expansion in March means the economy still grew when the three months are looked at together.
While an interest rate cut in August had already been expected, investors upped their bets of a 0.25 percentage point fall in the Bank of England’s base interest rate.
Such a cut would bring down the rate to 4% and make borrowing cheaper.
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Analysts from economic research firm Pantheon Macro said the data was not as bad as it looked.
“The size of the manufacturing drop looks erratic to us and should partly unwind… There are signs that GDP growth can rebound in June”, said Pantheon’s chief UK economist, Rob Wood.
Why did the economy shrink?
The drops in manufacturing came mostly due to slowed car-making, less oil and gas extraction and the pharmaceutical industry.
The fall was not larger because the services industry – the largest part of the economy – expanded, with law firms and computer programmers having a good month.
It made up for a “very weak” month for retailers, the ONS said.
Monthly Gross Domestic Product (GDP) figures are volatile and, on their own, don’t tell us much.
However, the picture emerging a year since the election of the Labour government is not hugely comforting.
This is a government that promised to turbocharge economic growth, the key to improving livelihoods and the public finances. Instead, the economy is mainly flatlining.
Output shrank in May by 0.1%. That followed a 0.3% drop in April.
However, the subsequent data has shown us that much of that growth was artificial, with businesses racing to get orders out of the door to beat the possible introduction of tariffs. Property transactions were also brought forward to beat stamp duty changes.
In April, we experienced the hangover as orders and industrial output dropped. Services also struggled as demand for legal and conveyancing services dropped after the stamp duty changes.
Many of those distortions have now been smoothed out, but the manufacturing sector still struggled in May.
Signs of recovery
Manufacturing output fell by 1% in May, but more up-to-date data suggests the sector is recovering.
“We expect both cars and pharma output to improve as the UK-US trade deal comes into force and the volatility unwinds,” economists at Pantheon Macroeconomics said.
Meanwhile, the services sector eked out growth of 0.1%.
A 2.7% month-to-month fall in retail sales suppressed growth in the sector, but that should improve with hot weather likely to boost demand at restaurants and pubs.
Struggles ahead
It is unlikely, however, to massively shift the dial for the economy, the kind of shift the Labour government has promised and needs in order to give it some breathing room against its fiscal rules.
The economy remains fragile, and there are risks and traps lurking around the corner.
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Concerns that the chancellor, Rachel Reeves, is considering tax hikes could weigh on consumer confidence, at a time when businesses are already scaling back hiring because of national insurance tax hikes.
Inflation is also expected to climb in the second half of the year, further weighing on consumers and businesses.