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Tech titans Mark Zuckerberg and Elon Musk are in a fierce business rivalry that has spilt over into a playground spat, with the two men offering to fight each other in a cage.

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Meta has officially debuted its Twitter-like messaging app Threads, which the company is pitching as Instagram’s “text-based conversation app.”

Mark Zuckerberg, Meta’s CEO and co-founder, announced the debut of Threads on Wednesday, marking the official release of the social networking giant’s new text-focused messaging app. Threads represents Meta’s attempt to capture the wave of users who have left Twitter amid the often unpredictable ownership of Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk.

The Threads app is now available to download for free on the Apple App Store and Google Play online store in over 100 countries, Meta said in a blog post. Threads shares Twitter’s visual aesthetic as a text-based social messaging app in which users can post short messages that others can like, share, and comment upon, according to screenshots of Threads that are available on Apple’s App Store.

People will be able to follow the same Threads accounts that they follow on Instagram and reply to other public posts in a way akin to how people use Twitter.

The official release comes after Instagram released on Monday a pre-order for Threads on the Apple App Store, which said that at the time that the app was expected to debut on July 6. Many Instagram users were also recently able to obtain invitations to access Threads from within their Instagram accounts.

Although Threads is linked to Instagram, with users able to use their existing Instagram usernames, the messaging service is a separate app that people will need to download.

“Threads is where communities come together to discuss everything from the topics you care about today to what’ll be trending tomorrow,” Instagram said in a description of Threads on the Apple App Store. “Whatever it is you’re interested in, you can follow and connect directly with your favorite creators and others who love the same things — or build a loyal following of your own to share your ideas, opinions and creativity with the world.”

Meta said in the blog post that people’s individual feeds on the new messaging app will include “threads” that were posted by other users that they follow, in addition to recommended content shared from creators who users may not know.

People will be able to publish Threads posts that are up to 500 characters long, and while the app is geared toward text, people will also be able so share links, photos and videos that can be as long as 5 minutes. Instagram users will also be able to share their Threads posts via the app’s story feature in addition to “any other platform you choose,” the blog post said.

Meta said that it developed Threads “with tools to enable positive, productive conversations,” and people will be able to manage who is mentioning or is replying to them within the app.

“Like on Instagram, you can add hidden words to filter out replies to your threads that contain specific words,” the blog post said. “You can unfollow, block, restrict or report a profile on Threads by tapping the three-dot menu, and any accounts you’ve blocked on Instagram will automatically be blocked on Threads.”

Racing into the gap as Twitter implodes

The release of Threads comes as Twitter has suffered a wave of mishaps under the ownership of Tesla CEO Elon Musk, leaving the popular social messaging app vulnerable to competing apps.

Most recently, Musk said that Twitter users will only be able to see a certain number of Tweets per day in an attempt to deal with “extreme levels of data scraping” and “system manipulation” on the messaging service.

Numerous Twitter users publicly complained about Musk imposing a temporary so-called “rate limit” on Twitter, saying that the Tweet limits make the app a less engaging experience.

BlueSky, a rival social messaging app that is backed by Twitter co-founder Jack Dorsey, said that it recorded “record-high traffic” after Musk announced the Twitter rate limit, and it temporarily paused sign-ups to deal with the influx of new users, who must currently be invited to use the app.

Like BlueSky, Threads will use decentralized technology that theoretically lets users control and manage their data across other apps that incorporate the same underlying software.

Whereas BlueSky is built on the decentralized networking technology dubbed the AT Protocol, Threads will eventually incorporate another decentralized technology called ActivityPub, Instagram head Adam Mosseri said in a Threads post on Wednesday that was briefly available to the public. The ActivityPub software also powers another Twitter-like messaging app called Mastadon, which has also experienced an influx of new users seeking an alternative to Twitter.

Mosseri said that his team wasn’t able to include support for ActivityPub in time for Threads’ official release because of “a number of complications that come along with a decentralized network.” But he reiterated that support is coming.

“If you’re wondering why this matters, here’s a reason: you may one day end up leaving Threads, or, hopefully not, end up de-platformed,” Mosseri said. “If that ever happens, you should be able to take your audience with you to another server. Being open can enable that.”

Meta added in its blog post that ActivityPub will enable people without Threads accounts to view Threads and interact with Threads users who have public profiles via other social apps that incorporate the same decentralized technology.

“If you have a public profile on Threads, this means your posts would be accessible from other apps, allowing you to reach new people with no added effort,” Meta said in the blog post. “If you have a private profile, you’d be able to approve users on Threads who want to follow you and interact with your content, similar to your experience on Instagram.”

Meta said that Threads is the company’s first app “envisioned to be compatible with an open social networking protocol,” which it believes could usher “in a new era of diverse and interconnected networks.”

In 2019, Meta, then known as Facebook, debuted a messaging app for Instagram users that was also called Threads. Unlike the current iteration of Threads that caters to text-based messages, the previous Threads app was instead centered around people sending short video and photo messages to their friends like they were using Snapchat.

Meta eventually shuttered Threads in 2021, and redirected people to use Instagram to see all their previous Threads messages.

Musk moves in on Murdoch: Is he the new king of conversative media?

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MongoDB plummets 20% as weak outlook overshadows strong quarterly results

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MongoDB plummets 20% as weak outlook overshadows strong quarterly results

Dev Ittycheria, CEO of MongoDB

Adam Jeffery | CNBC

MongoDB shares cratered more than 20% after the database software maker shared weak guidance that signaled a slowdown in growth.

For the fiscal 2026 year, the company said it expects adjusted earnings to range between $2.44 to $2.62 per share and revenue of $2.24 billion to $2.28. Analysts were expecting EPS of $3.34 and $2.32 billion in revenue.

The weak guidance stems from slower growth in the company’s Atlas cloud-based database service. The revenue projection would imply 12.7% growth, the slowest for the company going back to its 2017 stock market debut.

Finance chief Srdjan Tanjga said during an earnings call that the company is seeing slower-than-expected growth in new applications harnessing its Atlas cloud-based database service. However, MongoDB is beefing up hiring and going after deals with larger companies.

Read more CNBC tech news

For the fiscal first quarter, MongoDB forecasted 63 cents to 67 cents in adjusted earnings per share on $524 million to $529 million in revenue. Analysts polled by LSEG had expected EPS of 62 cents and revenue of $526.8 million.

Citing MongoDB’s weak outlook and slowdown in growth, Wells Fargo analyst Andrew Nowinski downgraded shares to equal weight and lowered his price target.

“With a smaller pool of multi-year deals, we believe it will be difficult to significantly outperform expectations in FY26 and therefore expect shares to remain range-bound,” he wrote.

Read more of Nowinski’s analysis here.

MongoDB’s outlook offset stronger-than-expected fourth-quarter earnings. The company reported earnings of $1.28 per share, excluding items, on $548 million in revenue. Analysts polled by LSEG had anticipated EPS of 66 cents and $520 million in sales. Revenues rose 20% from a year ago.

MongoDB gained 1,900 customers in the quarter, reflecting a total of 54,500.

— CNBC’s Jordan Novet contributed reporting.

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Alibaba shares soar after Chinese tech giant unveils new DeepSeek rival

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Alibaba shares soar after Chinese tech giant unveils new DeepSeek rival

The Alibaba office building is seen in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China, on Aug 28, 2024.

CFOTO | Future Publishing | Getty Images

Alibaba shares surged on Wednesday after the Chinese behemoth revealed a new reasoning model it claims can rival DeepSeek’s global blockbuster R1.

Hong Kong-listed shares of Alibaba ended the Thursday session up 8.39% — hitting a new 52-week high — with the company’s New York-trading stock rising around 2.5% in premarket deals. Alibaba shares have gained nearly 71% in Hong Kong in the year to date.

The Chinese giant on Thursday unveiled QwQ-32B, its latest AI reasoning model, which it said “rivals cutting-edge reasoning model, e.g., DeepSeek-R1.”

Alibaba’s QwQ-32B operates with 32 billion parameters compared to DeepSeek’s 671 billion parameters with 37 billion parameters actively engaged during inference — the process of running live data through a trained AI model in order to generate a prediction or tackle a task.

Parameters are variables that large language models (LLMs) — AI systems that can understand and generate human language — pick up during training and use in prediction and decision-making. A lower volume of parameters typically signals higher efficiency amid increasing demand for optimized AI that consumes fewer resources.

Alibaba said its new model achieved “impressive results” and the company can “continuously improve the performance especially in math and coding.”

Both established and emerging AI players around the world are racing to produce more efficient and higher-performance models since the unexpected launch of DeepSeek’s revolutionary R1 earlier this year.

Chinese firms have been doubling down on the technology with Alibaba investing in AI after debuting its first model in 2023. The strength of the company’s cloud Intelligence unit was a key contributor to Alibaba’s sharp profit hike in the December quarter.

“Looking ahead, revenue growth at Cloud Intelligence Group driven by AI will continue to accelerate,” Alibaba CEO Eddie Wu said at the time.

Optimism surrounding AI developments could lead to large gains for Alibaba stock and set the company’s earnings “on a more upwardly-pointing trajectory,” Bernstein analysts said.

“The pace of innovation is incredibly fast right now. It’s really good for the world to see this happening,” Futurum Group CEO Dan Newman told CNBC’s “Squawk Box Europe” on Thursday. “When DeepSeek came out, it made everyone sort of question, was OpenAi the final answer? Would the incumbents, the Microsofts, the Googles, or the Amazons that have all made massive investments win?”

He stressed that the large language models were increasingly “becoming commoditized” as developers look to drive down costs and improve access to users.

“As we see this more efficiency, this cost coming down, we’re also going to see use going off. The training era, which is what Nvidia really built its initial AI boom off, was a big moment,” Newman said. “But the inference, the consumption of AI, is really the future and this is going to exponentially increase that volume.”

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It’s ‘never been easier’ to become an online scammer as cybercrime markets flourish, security experts warn

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It's 'never been easier' to become an online scammer as cybercrime markets flourish, security experts warn

“Looking back to the 1990s and early 2000s, you needed to have a reasonable level of technical competence to pull off these types of crimes,” Nicholas Court, assistant director of Interpol’s Financial Crime and Anti-Corruption Centre, told CNBC.

Imaginima | E+ | Getty Images

An expanding network of cybercrime marketplaces is making it easier than ever to become a professional fraudster, posing unprecedented cybersecurity threats worldwide, experts warn.

Cybercriminals are often portrayed in popular media as rogue and highly skilled individuals, wielding coding and hacking abilities from a dimly lit room. But such stereotypes are becoming outdated. 

“Looking back to the 1990s and early 2000s, you needed to have a reasonable level of technical competence to pull off these types of crimes,” Nicholas Court, assistant director of Interpol’s Financial Crime and Anti-Corruption Centre, tells CNBC. 

Today, the barriers to entry have come down “quite significantly,” Court said. For example, obtaining personal data, such as email addresses, and sending them spam messages en masse — one of the oldest online scams in the book — has never been easier.

Cybersecurity experts say the change is due to advances in scam technology and the growth of organized online markets where cybercrime expertise and resources are bought and sold. 

A growing cybercrime economy 

“The last decade or so has seen an evolution of rogue cybercriminals into organized groups and networks all of which are part of a thriving underground economy,” said Tony Burnside, vice president and head of Asia-Pacific at Netskope, a cloud security company.

Driving that trend has been the emergence of global underground markets that offer “cybercrime-as-a-service” or “CaaS,” through which vendors charge customers for different types of malicious tools and cybercrime services, he added.

Examples of CaaS include ransomware and hacking tools, botnets for rent, stolen data, and anything else that may aid cybercriminals in their illicit activities.

“The availability of these services certainly helps in enabling more cybercriminals, allowing them to scale up and sophisticate their crime while reducing the technical expertise required,” Burnside said. 

CaaS is often hosted on markets in the “darknet” — a part of the internet that uses encryption technology to protect the anonymity of users.

Examples include Abacus Market, Torzon Market and Styx, though the top markets often change as authorities shut them down and new ones emerge. 

Burnside adds that the criminal gangs operating CaaS services and markets have begun to operate like “legitimate organizations in their structure and processes.”

Meanwhile, vendors on these illicit exchanges tend to accept payments only in cryptocurrency in attempts to remain anonymous, obscure proceeds and evade detection. 

Silk Road, an infamous dark web marketplace that was shut down by law enforcement in 2013, is recognized by many as one of the earliest large-scale applications of cryptocurrency.

Darknet emerges from shadows 

Though the use of cryptocurrencies in the cybercrime market can help obscure the identities of participants, it can also make their activities more traceable on the blockchain, according to Chainalysis, a blockchain research firm that traces illicit crypto transactions. 

According to Chainalysis data, while darknet markets remain a major factor in the global cybercrime ecosystem, more activity is moving to the public internet and secure messaging services like Telegram. 

The largest of those marketplaces identified by Chainalysis is Huione Guarantee — a platform affiliated with Cambodian conglomerate Huione Group — which the firm says acts as a “one-stop shop for nearly every form of cybercrime.”

The Chinese-language platform operates as a peer-to-peer marketplace where vendors offer services Chainalysis says are linked to illicit activity like money laundering and crypto-based scams.

Vendors pay to advertise on the Huione website, often directing interested parties into private Telegram groups. If a sale is made, Huione appears to act as an escrow and dispute intermediary to “guarantee” the exchange.

Chainalysis data shows that vendors on Huione Guarantee have processed a staggering $70 billion in crypto transactions since 2021. Meanwhile, Elliptic, another blockchain analytics firm, estimates that Huione Group entities have received at least $89 billion in crypto assets, making it “the largest ever illicit online marketplace.

The platform advertises and directs potential buyers to vendor groups on Telegram that offer everything from scam technology and money laundering to escort services and illicit goods. 

Judging from the scale and volume of the transactions on Huione Guarantee, it is likely leveraged by numerous organized criminal groups, according to Andrew Fierman, head of national security intelligence at Chainlaysis.

However, he adds that the many services don’t cost much money, providing a low barrier to entry and access point into cybercrime for “anyone with internet connection.” 

According to Chainalysis, individuals looking to facilitate “romance” or investment scams may be able to purchase the necessary tools and services on Huione for just a couple of hundred dollars. Costs can reach thousands of dollars, depending on the level of complexity they are looking to execute.

Investing or romance scams involve a fraudster building a relationship with a victim via social media or dating apps, intending to con them out of money through a sham investment opportunity.

A scammer attempting to pull off this type of scam might shop Huione Guarantee for a portfolio of potential victims’ data, such as phone numbers; old social media accounts that appear to be from real people; and AI-powered facial and voice manipulation software, which can be used by a scammer to digitally disguise themselves. 

Other vendors on the site offer services related to the creation of fake investment and gambling platforms. Fiermen says scammers often deceive victims into depositing money on such platforms.

In a disclaimer on its website, the platform says it does not participate in or understand its customers’ specific businesses and is responsible only for guaranteeing payments between buyers and sellers, according to a CNBC translation of the Chinese-language statement.

According to Fierman, Huione Guarantee’s activity appears to be concentrated in Cambodia and China, but there’s evidence that other platforms are emerging. 

‘Child’s play’

As CaaS and cybercrime markets continue to grow, the technology that is offered and leveraged by criminal vendors has also advanced, allowing more sophisticated scams on scale — with less effort, experts say. 

AI-generated deepfake videos and voice cloning are increasingly looking more real, with previously infeasible attacks now realistic thanks to generative AI advancements, according to Kim-Hock Leow, Asia CEO of cybersecurity company Wizlynx Group. 

Last year, Hong Kong police reported that a finance worker at a multinational firm had been tricked into paying out $25 million to fraudsters using deepfake technology to pose as the company’s chief financial officer in a video conference call.

“This would have been completely impossible to pull off just a few years ago, even for criminals with technical skills, and now it is a viable attack even for those without,” added NetSkope’s Burnside.

Meanwhile, cybersecurity experts told CNBC that AI tools can be used to enhance phishing and social engineering scams, helping to write more personalized and human-like messages. 

“It has become child’s play to create really convincing fake emails, audio notes, images or videos designed to scam and trick victims,” said Burnside, noting that dark variants of legitimate generative AI tools continue to find their way into dark markets. 

Prevention efforts

Because of the global and anonymous nature of CaaS vendors and cybercrime marketplaces, they are very difficult to police, cybersecurity experts told CNBC, noting that markets that are shut down often resurface under different names or are replaced.

For that reason, Interpol’s Nicholas Court says cybercrime isn’t the type of activity “you can arrest your way out of.” 

“The volume of criminality is going up so fast that it is actually harder for law enforcement to catch the same proportion of cybercriminals,” he said, adding that this calls for a significant focus on prevention and public awareness campaigns to warn about the rapid sophistication of scams and AI tools.

“Almost everybody receives scam messages these days. While it used to be enough to tell people not to send money to someone that refuses to video call, that’s not enough anymore.” 

On the enterprise level, Wizlynx Group’s Leow says that as cybercriminals become more tech- and AI-savvy, so must companies’ cybersecurity protocols.

For example, AI tools can be used to help automate security systems on the enterprise level, lowering the threshold for detection and accelerating response times, he added.

Meanwhile, new tools are emerging, such as “dark web monitoring,” which can track cybercrime markets and underground forums for leaked or stolen data, including credentials, financial data, and intellectual property.

It’s “never been easier” to commit cybercrime, so it’s crucial to prioritize cybersecurity by investing in technological solutions and enhancing employee awareness, Leow said. 

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