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Hospital toxicologist Ryan Marino has seen up close the violent reactions of children poisoned by liquid nicotine from electronic cigarettes. One young boy who came to his emergency room experienced intense nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, and needed intravenous fluids to treat his dehydration.

This story also ran on NBC News. It can be republished for free.

Kids can also become dizzy, lose consciousness, and suffer dangerous drops in blood pressure. In the most severe case hes seen, doctors put another boy on a ventilator in the intensive care unit because he couldnt breathe, said Marino, of Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.

Thousands of kids a year are exposed to the liquid nicotine in e-cigarettes, also known as vapes. For a toddler, even a few drops can be fatal.

Cases of vaping-related nicotine exposure reported to poison centers hit an all-time high in 2022 despite a 2016 law, the Child Nicotine Poisoning Prevention Act, that requires child-resistant packaging on bottles of vaping liquid. In what doctors call a major oversight, the law doesnt require protective packaging on devices themselves.

Refillable vapes are designed to hold liquid nicotine in a central reservoir, making them dangerous to kids, Marino said. Even vapes that appear more child-resistant because their nicotine is sealed inside a removable cartridge present a risk, because the cartridges can be pried open. And some disposable e-cigarettes, now the top-selling type on the market, allow users to take thousands of puffs and contain as much nicotine as multiple packs of cigarettes.

Many e-cigarettes and liquids seem designed to appeal to kids, with pastel packages, names such as Candy King, and flavors such as bubble gum and blue raspberry. That makes vapes far more tempting and hazardous than traditional cigarettes, which have lower doses of nicotine and a bitter taste that often prompts children to quickly spit them out, said Diane Calello, the executive and medical director of the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System.

Nicotine liquid is an accident waiting to happen, Calello said. It smells good and its highly concentrated. Email Sign-Up

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Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.), who co-sponsored the 2016 legislation, said he would push to expand the childproof packaging requirement to disposable and pod-based e-cigarettes.

Every day that FDA allows flavored e-cigarette products to remain on the market is another day that children can be enticed by these dangerous, and sometimes deadly, products, he said.

Although the FDA declined to comment for this article, on Aug. 2 the agency included a special feature about nicotine poisoning in children in its “CTP Connect” newsletter.

The number of reports to poison control centers about e-cigarettes has more than doubled since 2018, according to an FDA analysis. Poison control centers reported more than 7,000 vaping-related exposures in people of all ages from April 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023.

According to the FDA, 43 of those exposures resulted in hospitalization and an additional 582 in other medical treatment. About half of poison center reports had no information about whether patients needed medical care.

Nearly 90% of exposures involved children under 5. Authors of the report say their numbers likely underestimate the problem, given that poison control centers arent contacted in every case.

A 1-year-old died from vaping-related nicotine poisoning in 2014. The new FDA report also mentions the apparent suicide of an adult via e-cigarette poisoning.

A spokesperson for the vaping industry said companies take safety seriously.

All e-liquid bottles manufactured in the United States conform to U.S. law, said April Meyers, the president of the board of directors and CEO of the Smoke-Free Alternatives Trade Association, which represents the vaping industry. Not only are the caps child-resistant, but the flow of liquid is restricted so that only small amounts can be dispensed.

Yet many vaping products are made outside the U.S., which has recently been flooded with illegal e-cigarettes, mostly from China.

The increasing number of nicotine exposures among kids especially curious toddlers who put virtually everything they can grab into their mouths likely reflects the sheer volume of e-cigarette sales, said Natalie Rine, the director of the Central Ohio Poison Center at Nationwide Childrens Hospital.

E-cigarette unit sales grew 47% from January 2020 to December 2022, rising from 15.5 million every four weeks to 22.7 million, according to a report published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

This isnt something that parents see as a really big risk, Marino said. But with the popularity of e-cigarettes, the risk isnt going away anytime soon.

One effective strategy to reduce e-cigarette sales has been to ban flavored products. California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, and Washington, D.C., have banned all flavored e-cigarettes, while Utah and Maryland have banned some flavors. A study showed overall e-cigarette sales dropped 25% to 31% in states after flavor bans, compared with states that didnt ban them.

Some doctors say the country needs to do more to protect children.

If the numbers are rising, then the law aint working, said Carl Baum, a professor of pediatrics and emergency medicine at Yale School of Medicine.

Pediatrician Gary Smith said the lack of child safety requirements for e-cigarette devices is a major problem. Refillable e-cigarettes are relatively easy for kids to open.

Although most poison control center reports dont include brand information, disposable e-cigarettes including Elfbar, Puff Bar, and Pop Vape were some of the most common products mentioned in the FDA analysis. Elfbar is now known as EB Design.

Expanding the federal law to include devices would be an important step, said Smith, president of the Child Injury Prevention Alliance, an Ohio-based advocacy group that works to prevent injuries in children.

In addition, federal officials should limit the nicotine concentration in vape juices to make them less toxic, as well as ban candy-like flavors and colors on packaging, Smith said.

The public health response should be comprehensive, Smith said.

Kids have been known to pick up a vape and begin puffing, in imitation of their parents, Calello said.

Even if children dont inhale the aerosol, sucking on a vape exposes their skin to nicotine, which can be absorbed into the bloodstream, said Robert Glatter, an assistant professor of emergency medicine at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City. Glatter noted that e-cigarette liquids also contain numerous harmful chemicals, including arsenic and lead, which is toxic at any dose; carcinogens such as acetaldehyde and formaldehyde; and benzene, a volatile organic compound found in auto exhaust.

Fortunately, children who inhale nicotine get a much lower dose than those who ingest it, reducing the risk of serious harm, said Marc Auerbach, a professor of pediatric emergency medicine at Yale School of Medicine.

Only about 2% of exposures in the FDA study were recorded as having a moderate or major effect.

That may be because little kids who get into dangerous liquids from vape juice to household cleaning products or gasoline usually spill most of it, Baum said. They often end up wearing it rather than swallowing it, Baum said.

Although Stephen Thornton has seen a lot of children with nicotine exposure, he said, the human body has ways of protecting itself from toxic substances. Fortunately, when kids do ingest these e-cig nicotine products, they self-decontaminate. They vomit a lot and this keeps the mortality rate very low, but these kids still often end up in emergency departments due to all the nausea and vomiting, said Thornton, an emergency medicine physician and medical director of the Kansas Poison Control Center.

The FDA urges parents and uardians of young children to keep e-cigarettes and vaping liquid out of reach and in its original container.

For emergency assistance, call Poison Help at 800-222-1222 to speak with a poison expert, or visit poisonhelp.org for support and resources.

Liz Szabo: lszabo@kff.org, @LizSzabo Related Topics Health Industry Public Health Children's Health Vaping Contact Us Submit a Story Tip

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Crypto market structure hearing devolves into partisan claims

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Crypto market structure hearing devolves into partisan claims

Crypto market structure hearing devolves into partisan claims

Allegations on the president’s ties to the crypto industry and claims of “Trump derangement syndrome” clouded attempts to reach an agreement on a market structure bill in Congress.

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Environment

‘Everything’s computer’ no more: Trump wants to sell his Tesla from that dumb ad

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Not even three months ago, convicted felon Donald Trump and his largest funder, ketamine-fueled Tesla CEO Elon Musk, appeared together on the White House lawn, improperly using government resources to do a low-budget ad to help Tesla get out of the sales ditch that Musk has dug for it.

Now, amidst an explosive feud between the two narcissists that came to a head yesterday, it’s being reported that Mr. Trump wants to sell the object of that ad: his red Tesla Model S.

Tesla is going through a rough time in sales right now, and it’s largely related to CEO Elon Musk’s political activities.

He gave hundreds of millions of dollars in bribes to anti-EV candidate Donald Trump, becoming his top funder, and Mr. Trump and his republican party have gone on to make many anti-environment and anti-EV moves in the months since they’ve seized power.

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Musk himself spent the last few months working in an advisory position in the White House, which was dubbed the “Department of Government Efficiency,” despite it not being a real government department and having a supposed mission redundant with the already-existing Government Accountability Office.

During his time, he adopted a slash-and-burn ethos of cutting small but effective government programs (and, mostly, lying about how much those programs cost). He also interfered in their normal activities, making government less efficient, not more.

It’s expected that the cuts recommended by Musk’s advisory board could end up costing Americans billions of dollars in the long term.

Musk’s political advocacy has also included support for German neo-Nazisagreeing with a defense of Hitler’s actions in the Holocaust, and many other white supremacist statements.

Unsurprisingly, this has driven protests against the companyembarrassed owners and pushed many customers away – and those protesters aren’t planning on stopping even now that Musk has left his advisory position.

Amidst all this chaos Musk brought to his company through his ill-considered political activities, there was a thought to forestall the sales decline by doing a Tesla ad on the White House lawn, alongside Mr. Trump.

Press was invited, and the two parked a few Teslas in the driveway while Mr. Trump hawked Musk’s products, reading from a script and his notes on unit pricing and the availability of features like full self-driving.

The “ad” had several funny moments (including the most humorous line, “everything’s computer!”), as parodized by The Daily Show in this spot for the “White House Auto Mall”

It was a strange moment for plenty of reasons, not least of which is because Tesla does not do traditional advertising placements, instead preferring to focus on other forms of marketing. It had considered starting to do ads, but Musk fired the nascent ad team last year.

This, too, was not a traditional advertisement, but it did reek of desperation.

It turns out the ad didn’t really work – soon afterwards, we checked Tesla’s inventory numbers and didn’t see a big spike in orders.

White House official says the red Tesla is for sale

And now, it’s being reported that the vehicle which Mr. Trump said he “loved” (er, excuse me, he said he loves “Tesler,” not “Tesla”) is for sale. Several outlets reported today that a White House official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Mr. Trump has decided to sell the car. And a White House official told USA Today that Mr. Trump has no plans to have further contact with Musk.

Mr. Trump hadn’t actually used the car to drive, as presidents are typically disallowed from driving by the Secret Service, but staff could use the vehicle. And it’s supposedly not the first Tesla Mr. Trump has owned – he is rumored to have once owned an original Tesla Roadster, which he also didn’t drive (I’m a Roadster owner, and let’s just say I doubt Mr. Trump would fit in this car).

The news of Mr. Trump’s buyer’s remorse comes not even 24 hours after a very public spat over the republicans’ wasteful budget bill, which saw Mr. Trump threatening to stop paying for SpaceX’s services and Musk accusing Mr. Trump of being on Jeffrey Epstein’s list. Musk had previously said he loved Mr. Trump “as much as a straight man can.”

The spat resulted in a significant drop in TSLA’s stock price, which recovered partially today. But it could lead to a lot more trouble for Tesla, and we at Electrek went through the possible negative effects for Tesla here.

As of now, the car remains parked at the White House.


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Sports

The Tao of Stu: Inside the mind of Oilers goalie Skinner

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The Tao of Stu: Inside the mind of Oilers goalie Skinner

EDMONTON, Alberta — It took a while for Stuart Skinner to confront the anguish of losing Game 7 of the Stanley Cup Final last season.

“Definitely. Internally, there was something buried. That’s kind of an easy way to do it, instead of thinking about it and trying to process it. I stuffed it down,” Skinner recalled. “I normally open up the wound pretty quickly, but it took me a little while into the summer. It bit me in the butt halfway through.”

Now that he has tackled that pain, the experiences that devastated Skinner last season have put him in a position to potentially lift the Stanley Cup this season.

“I feel completely different. I think everybody in our room feels different. Because we’ve already done it,” he said before their Stanley Cup Final rematch against the Florida Panthers. “We’ve already gone through it. And to be honest, we’ve gone through the worst-case scenario: losing Game 7.”

Skinner, 26, is in his fifth NHL season, all of them with the Edmonton Oilers, who drafted him 78th overall in 2017. Before he was an Oilers goalie, he was an Oilers fan: The Edmonton native remembers sitting in the stands chanting “NUUUUUUUGE!” for forward Ryan Nugent-Hopkins, his favorite player growing up — and with whom he now shares a dressing room.

“It’s pretty amazing. He was obviously my favorite player growing up and being able to play with him has been one of the coolest things,” Skinner said.

And so the Game 7 loss to the Panthers last season was crushing on several levels. The Oilers rallied from a 3-0 series deficit to force a seventh game, only to lose 2-1 and with it the chance to raise the Stanley Cup. Captain Connor McDavid broke down crying in the dressing room after the game. Skinner’s tears started before the postseries handshake line.

It wasn’t just squandering a chance at living a childhood dream and winning the Stanley Cup as an Oiler. Skinner believed he had, in a way, let his country down, one that has been waiting to see another Canadian team skate the Cup since Montreal won it in 1993.

“It’s a little bit tougher because it’s a Canadian market. All of Canada’s watching you. All of Canada’s disappointed in you,” he said.

Skinner buried all of this for as long as he could. He told his wife, Chloe, that he was “totally fine,” to which she responded, “I don’t think you are.” Skinner said she was instrumental in helping him “open the wound” and deal with that anguish. He talked to her, friends, teammates and coaches about the devastation he felt.

“I got a lot of people in my corner where I’m able to ‘word vomit’ a bit, let all the emotion out,” he said.

He journaled. A lot. It’s something Skinner has done since he was 18 to “calm the mind down” and be as present as he can.

“I think that’s kind of my main goal through all this. I think last year, with all the emotions, you can sometimes get away from the present moment,” he said. “There are just little tools that can really help you.”

Then, he tore open the wound a few weeks before the 2024-25 season: Skinner finally watched Game 7.

“I’m not too sure why. Maybe for a little motivation. Maybe to get the emotions out of it,” he said.

He watched the two goals he surrendered. He thought about the handshake line, when he congratulated his adversary, Florida goalie Sergei Bobrovsky, despite being an emotional wreck in the moment.

“That’s hard to do, obviously, when you’re in the midst of being crushed and in the midst of crying. So yeah, in a moment like that, you got to be a man about it and be kind to everybody,” Skinner said. “I mean, it’s one of their best days of their lives, so I’m not going to have my own little pity party with them.”

Bobrovsky remembers that interaction, too.

“I tried to support him, obviously. I said that he’s played great. He gave it all. It was a good fight. It was a good battle,” the Panthers goalie said.

Skinner finished rewatching Game 7, and that was it. “Now, it’s in the past,” he said.

This is what Stuart Skinner does. Adversity comes. He processes it, turns its energy into a positive force for personal growth.

“A lifetime of hardships, a lifetime of moments of success. All the things you experience and you think it’s the end of the world. You get a choice to make in that moment: to either get up or to give up,” Skinner said. “I’ve always had the true belief that if you just never, ever give up, that you’ll be able to do it. And I believe that for anybody.”


IT’S NOT EASY being Stuart Skinner in the Stanley Cup playoffs.

“Yeah, he’s had some ups and downs. I think people focus probably more on the downs and the ups,” Oilers GM Stan Bowman said.

Skinner became the starter in 2022-23, giving up at least three goals in six of his 12 appearances as Edmonton bowed out in the second round to the Vegas Golden Knights.

The next season established the roller coaster status bestowed on Skinner’s playoff runs. He was benched in the second round against the Vancouver Canucks after giving up four goals on 15 shots in their Game 3 loss. Calvin Pickard played the next two games of the series, going 1-1. With the Oilers facing elimination, Skinner took the crease back and gave up just one goal in their Game 6 win, and two goals in their Game 7 victory.

Maligned as he was, Skinner did everything the Oilers asked of him for the next two rounds, limiting the Dallas Stars to just one goal in each of the last two games of that series and then giving up two or fewer goals in the last four games of the Stanley Cup Final loss to Florida.

To that end, the 2025 postseason has been vintage Skinner. He lost the first two games in the first round against the Los Angeles Kings, giving up 11 total goals and losing his crease again to Pickard, who went 6-0 until an injury brought Skinner back to the starter’s role in their Game 3 loss to Vegas.

“We’re after the same goal. Obviously, he would like to be in the net. It was his job to support me, and right now, it’s my job to support him,” Pickard said before the Final.

Since Game 4 against the Golden Knights, Skinner has been the best goaltender in the playoffs: 7-1, with a .938 save percentage and a 1.54 goals-against average, his benching as much a distant memory as it was last postseason.

“It’s kind of the story of the Oilers. We get knocked down, we just keep on getting back up, right? You’ve seen that in all the playoffs this year, as individuals and as a team,” Skinner said.

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Stuart Skinner makes an unbelievable diving save

Stuart Skinner makes a beautiful stick save to keep the game tied 2-2 for the Oilers vs. the Golden Knights.

Opposing fans and media have been rather unfeeling toward Skinner’s adversity. Road arenas echo with chants of “SKIN-NER!” even when he’s playing well. Los Angeles fans went as far as to chant “WE WANT SKINNER!” while he sat on the bench after being pulled. On a Stanley Cup contender with all-world talents on the roster, he’s seen as its Achilles heel at worst, and “the guy whose job it is not to lose the series” at best.

Defector’s Ray Ratto recently penned a column titled “Oh God, Stuart Skinner Controls The Oilers’ Destiny,” writing: “As the Oilers’ goaltender he has defined both the glories and horrors of being an Oil fan, because there is never a guarantee of what level of quality he will provide.”

As one would expect, Skinner’s teammates uniformly defend his play when confronted with that criticism. Many note that being a goaltender attracts more scrutiny and denouncement.

“Being a goalie in this league, being a starting goalie in Canada, it’s a pretty serious gig,” Pickard said.

“It’s the toughest position in sports, with the attention that they get. You look up and down the lineup, everyone makes mistakes. When the goalie does, then everyone pays attention,” Bowman said.

“It’s got to be one of the most pressure-packed positions in all of sports,” Oilers center Adam Henrique said. “Obviously, the media is a big aspect of it, too. In this market, there’s so much that goes into it. I think he does a great job of dealing with all that and adjusting and doing what he needs to do to be able to be himself.”

But beyond sympathy for the position he plays and defending his postseason performances, Skinner’s teammates also believe the highs and lows of his playoff runs are inspiring.

“That’s the best thing about hockey: You could be at the top of the world one day and you can be at the bottom of the mountain the next, trying to get back to the top,” defenseman Ty Emberson said.

“I think you just have to give him a lot of credit for his mental fortitude. You get pulled from a game, not be able to win a game and then come back and be the best goalie in the world,” Emberson said. “That’s something I’ve been telling [Skinner] over the last couple of weeks: ‘I think you’re the best goalie in the world.'”


HENRIQUE IS IN his 15th NHL season. Where does Stuart Skinner rank on his weird goalie meter?

“I wouldn’t say that high. He’s not a super weird guy, so I would say he’d be in the middle of ‘crazy, wacky goalie’ to ‘completely normal guy.’ Somewhere in the middle,” Henrique said. “I love that guy. To get to know him and see how he deals with pressure, he does a great job of the mental aspect of everything.”

It might surprise some that a goalie who has produced such chaotic swings during the playoffs is considered a calming influence among his teammates.

“It’s never too hectic with him,” Pickard said. “You’re going to play a lot of games over the course of the season. There’s going to be a lot of ups and downs, and he’s very even keel, and that’s a major attribute.”

Bowman said Skinner has “good demeanor” for a goalie. “I think you have to have that ability to shrug things off, and his ability to deal with that adversity has been impressive,” the GM said.

In Game 1 against the Panthers on Wednesday, adversity hit when Florida took a 3-1 lead in the second period. The Panthers were pushing hard to extend that lead, with a 30-16 shot-attempt advantage at 5-on-5 in the period. Ironically, that’s when Skinner’s mind was in its most serene state.

“Honestly, it quiets everything down because you’re doing so much work. In that moment, I’m actually doing the least amount of thinking,” he said. “Where I find I start thinking a lot is in the third period when I only get two shots and I’m kind of just waiting for it.”

When the Oilers cranked up their team defense in the third period, as they have for the past two rounds of the playoffs, Skinner said he does breathing exercises to get his heart rate up and his adrenaline pumping a bit more while not facing the same kind of barrage.

“You’re kind of almost anxious for [the puck] to come your way,” he said, “and obviously there’s a lot of thoughts of just like, ‘I really hope we score.'”

The Oilers rallied to tie the score and then scored near the end of the first overtime to take a 1-0 series lead, as McDavid found Leon Draisaitl for the game winner, which is something Skinner has seen more than a few times with the Oilers.

“I definitely do have the best seat in the house,” Skinner said after the game. “It’s a special moment. It’s excitement, it’s relief, it’s a lot of emotions coming up, a lot of pride coming up. You’re able to fight for a long, long time the whole game, and then you’re able to win.”

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P.K. Subban: Edmonton’s depth will be key to success

P.K. Subban joins “Get Up” and analyzes how the Edmonton Oilers’ depth on the ice can take them to a 2-0 series lead vs. the Florida Panthers.

McDavid had talked about how the Stanley Cup Final felt different this time. “It’s different in the sense that it feels less big, you know? Last year felt monumental. Very dramatic. This year feels very normal,” he said. “It’s easier to play and function when it’s just another day.”

Skinner feels the same way. “Last year, it’s your first time doing it. That can bring a lot of excitement, obviously a lot of energy,” he said. “I’m really grateful for that experience that I got last year because this year I feel the complete opposite.”

He said he gets rest between games, which was a challenge last season due to a lack of sleep. He said his sense of awe has dissipated year over year, too. Skinner remembered feeling overwhelmed when the Stanley Cup was presented on the ice before the first game last year. On Wednesday, when the Cup made its cameo, Skinner said he felt completely different.

“When I saw the Cup on the ice last year, I was kind of looking at it with googly eyes,” he said. “This year, I saw it already. So now it’s time to get back to work. It felt completely different emotionally.”

Skinner said he has visualized lifting the Stanley Cup and experiencing all of that joy that Game 7 kept from him last season.

“I’ve done all the manifestation tricks,” he said.

He has also imagined things not working out so well.

“You might think I’m a little wild, but I visualize both parts. I visualize being able to win and I visualize losing again,” he said. “You got to prepare for everything. There are so many things that can kind of happen.”

Stuart Skinner should know. He has experienced it all in the Stanley Cup playoffs, save for one thing: winning his last game.

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