Once the thriving capital of West Darfur, al Geneina is now nearly deserted.
Humanitarian volunteers told Sky News around 70% of the city’s half-a-million residents have fled since the start of the war in Sudan and that the bodies littering the streets are now buried at multiple mass grave sites after a huge clean-up operation.
The coordinates of potential mass grave sites on the outskirts of al Geneina shared by C4ADS, a Washington DC-based global security non-profit, have been verified by Sky News through various eyewitness accounts.
A satellite image from May shows regular mountainous terrain just north of the main artery connecting al Geneina to eastern Chad.
Image: This satellite image taken on 18 May highlights the three locations of suspected mass graves
On 6 July, the same three areas are now visibly water-filled due to seasonal rainfall.
Image: Another satellite image taken seven weeks later shows the same three locations filled with water
An eyewitness independently located this site for Sky News using landmarks on the map and says he watched as decomposing bodies were dumped into a body of water at the end of June.
“It was the start of the rainy season and they had disconnected the network so we had to go to the edges of the city to try and make calls,” he said.
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The pitch of his voice climbed with urgency as he described the scene.
“After the police station and over the mountain – around 250 metres from a cattle slaughterhouse – I saw a group of scared residents throwing nine bodies into a large pond.”
One volunteer independently verified the location of this grave site and says he was present as 50 bodies were dumped there.
The next day, he was involved in the transportation of another 45 bodies.
“Our group was not happy with how the dead were being treated so we opted out of the burial. We helped with transporting the corpses but did not join for the dumping,” he says.
He identified the victims as being from the African Massalit and Burgo tribes and says that volunteers could not film or even make a call around the site.
“One guy we know was suspected of leaking information and was beaten until his leg broke.”
From the Burgo tribe himself, his own family has suffered from the extreme ethnic violence that ravaged al Geneina.
He says 14 of his brothers and sisters have been killed in al Geneina since the start of the war in April – many of them remained unburied for weeks after their deaths.
One of his sisters, a teenager, was shot in the head and killed in their home – a horrific incident corroborated by a humanitarian worker also in the city at the time.
“I buried my sister 54 days after she was killed. My mother was wounded at the same time and could not leave the house for a long time. She still hasn’t received any medical assistance,” said the volunteer, who is being kept anonymous for his safety.
He and his family are some of the remaining non-Arab residents in al Geneina.
His elderly father and wounded mother make leaving difficult and relocation funds are low after their savings were looted from their home amid the chaos.
The little income he gets from transporting bodies has helped him facilitate the burial of his family members.
‘Assassination attempts’ on volunteers trying to help
A humanitarian worker who has a long history of advocacy work in al Geneina believes that the city has been ethnically cleansed.
“The janjaweed militias practised forced displacement by burning homes and shelters for the displaced in a brutal and racist manner – killing civilians – which is considered a crime of genocide,” he said.
He added the campaign to tidy up the city’s emptied streets is led by Arab tribesmen and is an attempt to clean up the image of the Rapid Support Forces and their aligned militias who have been caught filling up mass graves.
“The Rapid Support Forces, along with Arab militias, participated by providing digging mechanisms such as bulldozers and trucks – in addition to designating burial areas. Sometimes they even participated with volunteers,” the source says.
Another mass grave site is reported on the northern outskirts of the city, along Tendelti road – a border town which was razed to the ground in May.
And even in this moment of relative calm in al Geneina, those told to bury the evidence of violence are facing violence themselves.
“There have been some assassination attempts in al Geneina these days of some of the volunteers who participated in the preparation and burial of bodies in the mass graves,” he says.
“The latest of which is the attempted assassination of the manager of the Sudanese Red Crescent in West Darfur, who was shot with live bullets and is now under medical care in Chad.”
Israel has carried out a strike on Beirut for the first time since it agreed a ceasefire deal with Hezbollah in November.
The Israeli military says the strike targeted a Hezbollah drone storage facility in Dahiyeh, in the city’s southern suburbs, which it called a key Hezbollah stronghold and where support for the militant group is strong.
Israel’s army used a post on X in Arabic to urgently warn people to evacuate parts of a Beirut suburb on Friday as it vowed to retaliate against strikes that it said were launched from Lebanon into northern Israel.
Image: Smoke in areas bombed by Israeli forces in the south Lebanon town of Khiam. Pic: AP
Image: People try to find safety after an Israeli airstrike in Hadath, in Beirut Pic: AP
Hezbollah denied firing the rockets at northern Israel, and accused Israel of seeking a pretext to continue attacking Lebanon.
Lebanon’s government ordered all schools and universities in Beirut’s southern suburb of Hadath to close for the day.
Shooting could be heard in some parts of the southern suburbs, warning people to leave their homes, and many residents were seen fleeing the area in cars and on foot.
Associated Press reporters in Beirut said they heard a large boom and saw smoke rising from where Israel’s military had said it would strike, a residential and commercial area containing at least two schools.
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Though it’s the first Israeli strike on Beirut since November’s ceasefire with the Hezbollah militant group, Israel has struck targets in southern Lebanon almost daily since then.
Israel’s defence minister, Israel Katz, said on Friday that if there was no peace in Israel’s northern communities, there would be no peace in Beirut either.
Hezbollah began launching rockets, drones, and missiles into Israel the day after Hamas’s 7 October 2023 attack on southern Israel.
In September, Israel carried out waves of airstrikes and killed most of Hezbollah’s senior leaders as the bubbling conflict became an all-out war.
Image: An Israeli drone flies over southern Beirut suburb of Dahiyeh. Pic: AP
More than 4,000 people in Lebanon died, while around 60,000 Israelis were displaced.
Under the ceasefire that halted the fighting, Israeli forces were supposed to withdraw from all Lebanese territory by late January.
The deadline was extended to 18 February, but Israeli troops have remained in five locations in Lebanon across from communities in northern Israel.
Meanwhile, Israel has carried out dozens of airstrikes on southern and eastern Lebanon, saying it attacked Hezbollah, while continuing drone attacks that have killed several members of the militant group.
Israeli strikes in the southern Lebanese village of Kfar Tibnit on Friday killed three people and injured 18, including children and women, Lebanon’s health ministry said.
Limited strikes to send a message without ending ceasefire
It’s unclear who fired two missiles at northern Israel earlier – Hezbollah insists it wasn’t them, and the IDF hasn’t directly blamed the group. That suggests it could be someone else, perhaps factions of Hamas – but Israel is holding Hezbollah accountable for any actions along the border.
Both Israel and Lebanon blame the other for violating the ceasefire, and Lebanon’s president has called on the US and France to intervene, as both are sponsors of the deal, which was agreed in November.
Israel is right to call the firing of missiles across the border a breach, but despite the truce, it has been hitting targets in Lebanon regularly, and that could also be deemed a violation.
Friday’s bombing of Beirut was limited and targeted, and a warning was sent beforehand for civilians to evacuate the area.
That suggests Israel is trying to escalate the message it sends but, at the same time, avoiding actions that might result in the ceasefire collapsing.
The new government in Lebanon and the armed forces are still struggling to get overall security control of southern Lebanon, but it is in Israel’s interests to give them a chance to do so.
Hezbollah has been severely weakened militarily by Israel’s invasion last year, but only the Lebanese government can reduce their political influence within the country.
With the fighting resumed in Gaza and almost daily Houthi missile attacks on Israel now, Washington is unlikely to encourage a return to conflict in Lebanon too.
Six people died in Israeli airstrikes on several locations in Lebanon last week.
The UN special co-ordinator for Lebanon, Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, said the escalation was deeply concerning, calling it a “critical period for Lebanon and the wider region”.
According to an Israeli official who was not authorised to speak to the media, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was meeting top security officials to discuss an impending strike on the capital.
The escalation came as Israel ended its ceasefire with Hamas by launching a surprise wave of strikes that killed hundreds of people in Gaza.
Earlier this month, Israel halted deliveries of food, fuel, medicine, and humanitarian aid to Gaza’s roughly two million Palestinians.
Israel has vowed to escalate the war until Hamas returns 59 hostages it still holds – 24 of them believed to be alive. Israel is demanding that the group give up power, disarm, and send its leaders into exile.
Hamas has said it will release the remaining captives only in exchange for Palestinian prisoners, a lasting ceasefire, and an Israeli withdrawal from Gaza.
The number of children killed in Gaza, according to the local health ministry, recently rose above 15,000.
Fatality figures in Gaza are disputed by Israel, but even allowing for miscalculation or exaggeration, it is a staggering loss of life.
Many children have been orphaned, losing not just both parents but also siblings, grandparents and other close relatives too.
Against this tragedy, the children of Gaza can’t dream of growing up.
War has robbed them of that.
‘I just want to forget’
Image: The children of Gaza have spent a year and a half under Israeli bombardment
“I’m here hanging out with my friends because I just want to forget the war,” Osama says, surrounded by other young boys, probably no older than 10.
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“I look at my destroyed home there and think about the memories I had there with my mum and dad, in their room. And now it’s gone.
“We used to have fun every day, sit in the kitchen, play together at home, and now it’s all gone.
“I want to forget everything. I want to have fun.”
Israel continues to bombard Gaza
On Thursday, Egypt sent a delegation to Qatar in an attempt to push for a renewed ceasefire.
Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu met with senior security officials on Thursday night to discuss developments.
For now, Israel is continuing to attack Gaza daily and is refusing to lift a blockade on aid entering the Strip.
The United Nations has reported that cases of malnutrition among children in northern Gaza have almost doubled as a result.
Hundreds of children have also been killed since the resumption of attacks almost two weeks ago.
She danced until the war came home
Five-year-old Jenin liked to dance, like so many five-year-old girls around the world liked to dance.
She danced in the tent where her family was sheltering from the war nearby and she danced until the day that the war came home.
Image: Five-year-old Jenin liked to dance
It was early in the morning when the missile struck – the family was getting ready for Suhoor, the Ramadan breakfast.
Twenty-five of Jenin’s relatives were killed, including her father and all of her brothers and sisters.
Her mother was already dead, killed in a previous strike.
Jenin now lies in a hospital bed, still unaware she has lost her family.
Image: Jenin is now mostly unconscious and in desperate need of surgery she cannot get in Gaza
She is mostly unconscious – her skull fractured, she has bleeding on her brain and is in desperate need of surgery she cannot get in Gaza.
“She’s truly lost all sense of safety. She’s terrified by anyone who comes near her,” Jenin’s aunt told Sky News.
“Jenin has lost the ability to speak. The shock was so severe that she can no longer communicate verbally.”
She went on: “Instead, she points and gestures, but words elude her. Most of the time, she is angry and throws things around; her emotional state is drained.
“Sometimes she responds, but other times she doesn’t. When she looks at us, there’s a visible frustration in her eyes -frustration from not being able to see her mum.”
Image: The aftermath of the strike that killed 25 members of Jenin’s family
Another family that didn’t survive the night
In Gaza City, our team filmed another family that didn’t survive the night.
Rescuers searched for survivors but pulled out the bodies of four people.
Twelve-year-old Sameer was the only one to escape the strike. He sobbed in silent prayer next to the wrapped corpses of his parents and siblings. Another orphan in Gaza.
Image: Sameer was the only one to escape the strike that killed his entire family
Image: Sameer at his family’s funeral
“One of my favourite memories with my family was a day at the beach,” he told us.
“We swam and played and had such a good time. I remember my brother walking back and spilling juice on himself. We laughed and told him off!”
His family was buried together, side-by-side in a shallow grave. Sameer, the one who lived, watched on, silent and lost.
“I wasn’t scared before, because I had my family around me. Right now, I am scared to lose more people. My mum and dad and everyone were martyred. I’m worried about losing more people. So now whenever I hear the planes above, I think they’re going to bomb me in my home.”
Image: Sameer returned to the ruins of his home and found his school books
There is no word for someone who has lost so much.
But in Gaza, there are so many children who have lost everything.
At one factory in East Germany, they’re pumping out a car part every second, cutting and pressing millions of pieces destined for the country’s mega motor industry.
The HENNgineered plant sits on the edge of Zwickau, a city where the car is king. And when it comes to vehicles, America is Germany’s most important trading partner.
In 2024, automotive exports to the US reached a total value of €36.8bn (£30.7bn), according to the German Automobile Association.
So, Donald Trump’s decision to introduce 25% tariffs on all passenger cars and light commercial vehicles imported into the US is a big problem for manufacturers and suppliers alike.
Image: Trump’s tariffs could prove a big problem for car manufacturers and suppliers like HENNgineered in Zwickau
Image: This factory makes a car part every second, cutting and pressing millions of pieces
Image: There are fears about future jobs after Donald Trump announced latest tariffs on car imports
“Such tariffs would be very hard. It could make companies decide to move to the US to produce there, which might also mean jobs are lost here in Germany,” explains site manager Matthias Wissel.
Volkswagen is now the main local employer, providing around 10,000 jobs.
But car building is in people’s blood, with the first vehicle made here around 120 years ago.
The city museum proudly displays cars through the ages.
One room hosts shiny silver racing cars, another brightly coloured Trabants.
Image: The August Horch Museum in Zwickau showcases the city’s long history of car making
The city developed cars from the German empire right through to the current modern republic, explains Thomas Stebich, head of August Horch Museum.
While the immaculate car displays celebrate the city’s pioneering past, tariffs are making many feel uncertain about the future.
“If nobody in the US buys a German car or less people buy German cars, it will have an impact, of course, because we need to build high numbers of cars here [for jobs],” Stebich says.
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If you want to understand how key the auto industry is to German identity, think mining to the UK in its heyday.
Around 700,000 people are employed in the industry, which generates more than 540 billion euros in sales a year.
But tariffs are not the first storm German car manufacturers have had to weather.
High energy and labour costs, competition from China and weaker domestic demand due to the ailing economy mean the German car industry has been cutting jobs.
Audi recently announced it will cut 7,500 administration jobs by 2029.
They’re not the only ones, but Trump’s tariffs news comes as a fresh blow to workers.
A representative on the VW works council in Zwickau cancelled our interview due to crisis talks.
All the workers we met seemed pessimistic and deeply worried for the plant and the city’s future.
Their concern is shared by Aliriza Oernek, who owns four restaurants in Zwickau.
He says in recent years they’ve seen many of their young people leave the area to seek jobs elsewhere. He fears fresh pain from tariffs will hurt the whole community.
“Volkswagen is the biggest employer in Zwickau, the main source of money for people who live here. If they were to disappear, then people won’t stay in the town anymore,” he says.
Image: Aliriza Oernek, owns four restaurants in Zwickau, and worries that tariffs will hurt businesses like his
Like its counterparts, Volkswagen is closely watching developments around tariffs and assessing how they could impact the supply chain and production.
All eyes are currently on the European Union to see how it will retaliate.
In a statement, a spokesperson for VW Group said they “share the assessment of most experts that US tariffs and any counter-tariffs will have negative consequences for growth and prosperity in the US and other economic areas… and continue to advocate for constructive talks”.
So, while car makers brace for impact, Germany’s vowed it will “not take this lying down”, calling for a “firm response” from the EU as it tries to protect its automakers from this new American attack.