“Project Nessie” — Report: Amazon made $1B with secret algorithm for spiking prices Internet-wide Report reveals details about Amazon’s secret algorithm redacted in FTC complaint.
Ashley Belanger – Oct 4, 2023 8:50 pm UTC EnlargeBloomberg / Contributor | Bloomberg reader comments 74 with
Last week, the Federal Trade Commission sued Amazon, alleging that the online retailer was illegally maintaining a monopoly. Much of the FTC’s complaint against Amazon was redacted, but The Wall Street Journal yesterday revealed key details obscured in the complaint regarding a secret algorithm. The FTC alleged that Amazon once used the algorithm to raise prices across the most popular online shopping destinations.
People familiar with the FTC’s allegations in the complaint told the Journal that it all started when Amazon developed an algorithm code-named “Project Nessie.” It allegedly works by manipulating rivals’ weaker pricing algorithms and locking competitors into higher prices. The controversial algorithm was allegedly used for years and helped Amazon to “improve its profits on items across shopping categories” and “led competitors to raise their prices and charge customers more,” the WSJ reported.
The FTC’s complaint said:
Amazon uses its extensive surveillance network to block price competition by detecting and deterring discounting, artificially inflating prices on and off Amazon, and depriving rivals of the ability to gain scale by offering lower prices.
The FTC complaint redacted this information, but sources told the WSJ that Amazon made “more than $1 billion in revenue” by using Project Nessie, while competitors learned that “price cuts do not result in greater market share or scale, only lower margins,” the FTC’s complaint said.
“As a result, Amazon has successfully taught its rivals that lower prices are unlikely to result in increased salesthe opposite of what should happen in a well-functioning market,” the FTC alleged.
Amazon stopped using the algorithm in 2019for no clear reason, sources told the WSJ.
FTC spokesman Douglas Farrar told the WSJ that the agency wants more public access to redacted information in the complaint and continues to “call on Amazon to move swiftly to remove the redactions and allow the American public to see the full scope of what we allege are their illegal monopolistic practices. Advertisement
Amazon’s spokesperson Tim Doyle told Ars that the FTCs allegations grossly mischaracterize this tool.”
“‘Project Nessie’ was a project with a simple purposeto try to stop our price matching from resulting in unusual outcomes where prices became so low that they were unsustainable,” Doyle said. “The project ran for a few years on a subset of products, but didnt work as intended, so we scrapped it several years ago.
In a blog responding to the FTC’s lawsuit, David ZapolskyAmazon’s senior vice president of global public policy and general counselwrote that the FTC fundamentally misunderstands how retail markets work. Zapolsky said that “matching low prices offered by other retailers” has not “somehow” led “to higher prices.”
“Thats not how competition works,” Zapolsky wrote. “The FTC has it backwards and if they were successful in this lawsuit, the result would be anticompetitive and anti-consumer because wed have to stop many of the things we do to offer and highlight low pricesa perverse result that would be directly opposed to the goals of antitrust law.
According to the FTC’s complaint, “Amazon recognizes the importance of maintaining the perception that it has lower prices than competitors,” but that Amazon designed Project Nessie specifically “to deter other online stores from offering lower prices than those of Amazon.”
In a press release, the FTC confirmed that it intends to prove that Amazon is “stifling competition on price,” among other alleged consumer harms.
“Amazons far-reaching schemes impact hundreds of billions of dollars in retail sales every year, touch hundreds of thousands of products sold by businesses big and small, and affect over a hundred million shoppers,” the FTC’s press release said.
“Seldom in the history of US antitrust law has one case had the potential to do so much good for so many people,” John Newman, the deputy director of the FTCs Bureau of Competition, said. Page: 1 2 Next → reader comments 74 with Ashley Belanger Ashley is a senior policy reporter for Ars Technica, dedicated to tracking social impacts of emerging policies and new technologies. She is a Chicago-based journalist with 20 years of experience. Advertisement Channel Ars Technica ← Previous story Next story → Related Stories Today on Ars
Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) “failed to finalise” a cyber insurance deal before it was struck by hackers last month, forcing a halt to production and threatening the future of its supply chain, according to an industry journal.
The Insurer, citing three insurance sector sources, said Britain’s biggest carmaker was still in negotiations over cover before the cyber attack at the end of August.
It opens the prospect that the company faces footing the bill for the hacking by itself.
Losses will easily run into many hundreds of millions of pounds, with its global factory shutdown set to last for a month at least.
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4:27
JLR shutdown extended
Marks and Spencer, which was targeted back in April, said it expected that the estimated £300m bill it was facing from the disruption would be largely offset by the cyber insurance cover it had taken out.
As frantic efforts continue at JLR to recover its systems, the government is exploring ways to support JLR’s supply chain and the 200,000 jobs within it.
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One idea under consideration, according to ITV News, was taxpayer money being used to purchase parts.
These components could then be sold back to JLR as its manufacturing operations got back up to speed, resulting in no direct losses for the public purse.
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Inside factory affected by Jaguar Land Rover shutdown
The “just-in-time” nature of automotive production means that many suppliers had little choice but to shut down immediately after JLR announced its manufacturing freeze.
Industry sources estimate that around 25% of suppliers have already taken steps to pause production and lay off workers, many of them by “banking hours” they will have to work in future.
Union demands for a COVID-style furlough scheme have not been taken up by ministers, who have said that support to date has come only from JLR.
Industry minister Chris McDonald said on a visit to a West Midlands manufacturer on Tuesday he was “supremely confident” that JLR would get through the cyber attack.
He added: “What I really want this to be is a wake-up call to British industry. I’m affronted by this attack on British industry. This is a serious attack on a flagship of British industry.”
Jaguar Land Rover said it declined to comment on commercial matters.
The government has also been approached for comment.
Sir Keir Starmer is to announce a “Pride in Place” programme with funding for over 330 disadvantaged communities as part of a fightback against Reform UK.
The money will come alongside new powers for local groups to seize boarded-up shops, save derelict pubs and block gambling and vape stores on high streets, the government said.
The plan aims to address the sense of isolation in deprived communities, which Labour insiders believe is feeding the rise of Reform UK.
A Labour source described the programme as “absolutely essential” and “transformative”.
They told Sky News: “Reform is trying to divide communities, Labour wants to empower them, and we are giving them the tools and resources to turn them around.”
The full list of places that will receive the cash boost, and how much they will get, will be confirmed by the prime minister on Thursday.
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The money is part of the communities funding plan announced by Chancellor Rachel Reeves in her June spending review, which promised new investment for 350 deprived areas across the UK “to improve parks, youth facilities, swimming pools and libraries”.
Image: Labour insiders hope plan can fight off threat of Reform UK
The government said at the time these areas included the 75 places previously named in the Plan for Neighbourhoods, each of which will get £20m of funding over the next 10 years.
The Spending Review named another 20 “pilot neighbourhoods” in England to receive the same amount of funding, mainly in the north or the Midlands, as well as five other pilots across the rest of the UK.
Sir Keir is expected to announce the rest on Thursday.
Speaking ahead of that announcement, the new housing secretary, Steve Reed, said the money will allow local people to “decide how best to restore pride in their neighbourhoods, not us in Westminster”.
He added: “That’s what real patriotism looks like: building up our communities and choosing renewal over division.”
How will the funding work?
The funding will be allocated to neighbourhood boards made up of community leaders and stakeholders, who will work closely with local councils, it is understood.
They will be granted Community Right to Buy and Compulsory Purchase Powers, allowing them to buy assets like grassroots football clubs, seize derelict buildings and save local pubs, the government said.
Councils will also be given powers to block betting shops, vape stores and fake barbers.
The programme draws similarities with Tony Blair’s New Deal for Communities (NDC), a 10-year regeneration drive that targeted 39 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in England from 2001.
Image: A simillar regeneration plan under Toby Blair was largely seen as successful
An independent evaluation found NDC partnerships delivered improvements across several indicators, including crime, education and health. The biggest change was how people felt about their neighbourhoods as places to live.
Each area had around £50m of investment under the former Labour prime minister’s programme, but these were geographically bigger than the ones the government is now targeting, it is understood.
The “Pride in Place” Programme has been informed by the work of the Independent Commission on Neighbourhoods (ICON), launched in September last year to review the state of England’s neighbourhoods.
ICON identified 613 “mission critical” neighbourhoods – those they said needed the most urgent attention to make progress on Sir Keir’s “missions” for government.
The bulk of these were in post-industrial areas in northern England, though high need was also identified in the West Midlands and coastal towns such as Blackpool and Clacton – the latter being the seat of Reform UK leader Nigel Farage.
Many of the sites to be announced are expected to contain a mission-critical neighbourhood within them.
Baroness Hilary Armstrong, a former Labour minister and chair of ICON, said: “If residents start to see positive, tangible changes in their neighbourhoods, this should start to restore the public’s faith in the power of government to do good.”
It comes at a critical time for Sir Keir, who has faced questions over whether he can survive after spending most of his first year in office languishing behind Reform UK in the polls.
Labour MPs have been lobbying for the funding for some time, expressing concern that Number 10’s mission to grow the economy with big infrastructure investments will not directly benefit people in areas that look and feel “left behind”.
Luke Akehurst, the Labour MP for North Durham, told Sky News: “This is what Labour governments are all about – properly funding the areas of the county that most need help.”