Shabana Mahmood has become the first ever Muslim woman in British history to serve as home secretary.

After just over a year as justice secretary, which saw her decide to release some prisoners early to free up jail spaces, she will now be in charge of policing, immigration, and the security services.

The 44-year-old replaced Yvette Cooper, 10 years after she helped run Cooper’s failed Labour leadership campaign, and faces flag-waving anti-immigration protesters and the growing threat of Nigel Farage’s Reform UK.

Raised in Birmingham and Saudi Arabia

Shabana Mahmood was born in Birmingham to parents from the Pakistani-administered region of Azad Kashmir.

Soon after they were born, they moved her and her twin brother to the Saudi Arabian city of Taif, where her father worked as a civil engineer and the family would make regular visits to religious sites in Mecca and Medina.

After seven years, they moved back to Birmingham and her father, still employed as a full-time engineer, bought a corner shop and became chairman of the local Labour Party.

She attended an all-girls grammar school and then Oxford University to study law at Lincoln College, where she was elected Junior Common Room president, with a vote from former Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, who was in the year above her.

After university, she moved to London to train as a lawyer, specialising in professional indemnity for most of her 20s.

‘My faith is the centre point of my life’

At the age of 29 in 2010, she was elected MP for her home constituency of Birmingham Ladywood, a safe Labour seat, with a majority of just over 9%, which grew to 82.7% at its peak in the snap election of 2017.

Along with Rushanara Ali and Yasmin Qureshi, this made her one of Britain’s first female Muslim MPs.

In an interview with The Times, she said: “My faith is the centre point of my life and it drives me to public service, it drives me in the way that I live my life and I see my life.”

She held several shadow cabinet positions under Ed Miliband’s leadership, including shadow prisons and higher education minister, and shadow financial secretary to the treasury.

Read more from Sky News
What a moment for Shabana Mahmood to take the helm
Cabinet reshuffle – who’s in and who’s out?

Often described as ‘blue Labour’, Mahmood returned to the backbenches when Jeremy Corbyn took over as party leader in 2015, telling him as she refused a shadow cabinet position: “I’ll be miserable and I’ll make you miserable as well.”

She had chaired her now-predecessor Yvette Cooper’s failed campaign to beat him to the leadership.

During the Corbyn years, she was elected to the Parliamentary Labour Party’s National Executive Committee and as vice chairman of the party’s National Policy Forum.

When Mr Corbyn was replaced by Sir Keir Starmer, Ms Mahmood became national campaign coordinator and was tasked with preparing Labour for the next general election.

During her two-and-a-half years in that job, she is credited with helping Labour win the Batley and Spen by-election and helping Sir Keir recover from Labour’s defeat in Hartlepool – where the Conservatives won for the first time ever in 2021.

Early prison release scheme and views on Gaza

Soon after becoming justice secretary and lord chancellor, Mahmood commissioned a report into the crumbling prison estate.

Carried out by one of her Conservative predecessors, David Gauke, it revealed they were practically full, and triggered a controversial decision to release more than 1,000 inmates early to ease pressure on the system.

The Ministry of Justice were forced to apologise after it emerged 37 prisoners had been released by mistake.

She has also endorsed tougher immigration laws, announcing in August that foreign criminals will be deported after sentencing, and has been critical of their use of human rights lawyers, calling for reform of the European Convention on Human Rights as a result.

Answering questions on Asian grooming gangs, she previously told former Tory minister Michael Gove in The Spectator that there is “still a moment of reckoning” and an “outstanding question of why so many looked the other way”.

She has also been vocal on Labour’s stance on Gaza, warning the prime minister that “British Muslims are feeling a very strong sense of pain” and that the government would have to rebuild their trust.

When she was last re-elected in 2024, she suffered a 42% drop in her majority, facing off an independent candidate whose campaign centred around Palestinian rights.

Like her parliamentary neighbour, Labour MP Jess Phillips, she said the election campaign had been “sullied by harassment and intimidation”.