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Southeast Asia’s digital economies are set to reach $218 billion in total value of transactions this year, jumping 11% from a year ago despite global macroeconomic headwinds, a new report by Google, Temasek and Bain & Company revealed.

“Southeast Asia has weathered global macroeconomic headwinds with more resilience, compared to other regions around the world … Consumer confidence is starting to rebound in second half 2023 after falling to lower levels in first half 2023,” said the report titled e-Conomy SEA 2023.

The yearly report analyzed the five main sectors of Southeast Asia’s digital economy – e-commerce, travel, food and transport, online media and digital financial services.

The report also revealed revenue in Southeast Asia’s digital economy is expected to hit $100 billion this year, growing 1.7 times as fast as the region’s total transaction value.

This is because firms are shifting focus from “growth at all costs” to profitability, in a bid to build “healthy” businesses.

“Southeast Asia’s digital economy is really in the midst of an unprecedented pivot towards profitability. There’s now a laser-like focus on high quality revenue and monetization, which, quite frankly, is incredibly healthy,” Fock Wai Hoong, head of Southeast Asia at Temasek, said on CNBC’s “Street Signs Asia” on Wednesday.

Good news is that companies are realizing that growth at all costs isn't the best way: Temasek

The report covered six major economies: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. It did not address the populations of Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, East Timor and Papua New Guinea.

“Keeping the focus on the digital participation gap and resolutely removing barriers to enable more Southeast Asians to become active users of digital products and services will help the region unlock further growth in the digital decade,” Sapna Chadha, vice president at Google Southeast Asia, said in the report.

Sectors driving growth

Online businesses are moving from acquiring users at high costs, to deepening engagement with existing customers in a bid to steer focus to profitability, the report noted.

“Companies and entrepreneurs now realize that the best way to grow is not grow at all costs, and stretch this early stage mentality across a scale, but quite frankly, to transition as quickly as possible through early stage, growth stage and towards more financial sustainability,” Fock told CNBC’s JP Ong.

The report noted e-commerce platforms are focusing more on engaging high-value users, growing transaction sizes as well as looking to revenue streams such as advertising and delivery services to drive long-term growth. The sector’s gross transaction value is estimated to hit $186 billion in 2025, up from $139 billion in 2023.

Southeast Asia has borne economic headwinds 'in a very good way,' Google regional VP says

As underbanked consumers and small businesses participate in the digital economy, consumer demand has driven digital lending – which the report said comprised the majority of the $30 billion worth of revenue in digital financial services. Singapore is expected to be the biggest digital lending market in the region through 2030.

Thanks to a post-Covid recovery, online travel and transport sectors are on track to hit pre-pandemic levels by 2024, according to the report. Despite a return to in-person dining and cutting of promotions, food delivery revenue – which falls under the transport sector – hit $800 million in 2023, jumping 60% from a year ago.

Thailand is seeing “significant momentum” where online travel is the main growth driver in 2023, growing 85% year-on-year.

Dry powder still on the rise

Macro headwinds such as inflation and high cost of capital have caused the deployment of private funding to plunge to its lowest level in six years, the report noted.

Despite investors being pickier, “dry powder” increased to $15.7 billion at the end of 2022, up from $12.4 billion in 2021. The report noted the term refers to “the amount of capital that has been committed minus the amount that has been called for investment.”

“This shows that there is fuel available to propel Southeast Asia’s digital economy to the next stage of growth,” the report said.

To attract funding in this current economic climate, digital companies need to show investors that they have clear and viable paths to profitability.

Digital financial services remains the top sector where investors are deploying capital in, due to its high monetization potential.

The report also noted that nascent sectors in the region such as health tech, education tech and automotive are seeing “a growing portion of deal activity,” in a signal that “investors are diversifying portfolios.”

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These underperforming groups may deliver AI-electric appeal. Here’s why.

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These underperforming groups may deliver AI-electric appeal. Here's why.

Reshoring and infrastructure products could be the next ETF play after AI, say ETF experts

Industrial and infrastructure stocks may soon share the spotlight with the artificial intelligence trade.

According to ETF Action’s Mike Atkins, there’s a bullish setup taking shape due to both policy and consumer trends. His prediction comes during a volatile month for Big Tech and AI stocks.

“You’re seeing kind of the old-school infrastructure, industrial products that have not done as well over the years,” the firm’s founding partner told CNBC’s “ETF Edge” this week. “But there’s a big drive… kind of away from globalization into this reshoring concept, and I think that has legs.”

Global X CEO Ryan O’Connor is also optimistic because the groups support the AI boom. His firm runs the Global X U.S. Infrastructure Development ETF (PAVE), which tracks companies involved in construction and industrial projects.

“Infrastructure is something that’s near and dear to our heart based off of PAVE, which is our largest ETF in the market,” said O’Connor in the same interview. “We think some of these reshoring efforts that you can get through some of these infrastructure places are an interesting one.”

The Global X’s infrastructure exchange-traded fund is up 16% so far this year, while the VanEck Semiconductor ETF (SMH), which includes AI bellwethers Nvidia, Taiwan Semiconductor and Broadcom, is up 42%, as of Friday’s close.

Both ETFs are lower so far this month — but Global X’s infrastructure ETF is performing better. Its top holdings, according to the firm’s website, are Howmet Aerospace, Quanta Services and Parker Hannifin.

Supporting the AI boom

He also sees electrification as a positive driver.

“All of the things that are going to be required for us to continue to support this AI boom, the electrification of the U.S. economy, is certainly one of them,” he said, noting the firm’s U.S. Electrification ETF (ZAP) gives investors exposure to them. The ETF is up almost 24% so far this year.

The Global X U.S. Electrification ETF is also performing a few percentage points better than the VanEck Semiconductor ETF for the month.

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How tariffs and AI are giving secondhand platforms like ThredUp a boost

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How tariffs and AI are giving secondhand platforms like ThredUp a boost

At ThredUp‘s 600,000-square-foot warehouse in Suwanee, Georgia, roughly 40,000 pieces of used clothing are processed each day. The company’s logistics network — four facilities across the U.S. — now rivals that of some fast-fashion giants.

“This is the largest garment-on-hanger system in the world,” said Justin Pina, ThredUp’s senior director of operations. “We can hold more than 3.5 million items here.”

Secondhand shopping is booming. The global secondhand apparel market is expected to reach $367 billion by 2029, growing almost three times faster than the overall apparel market, according to GlobalData.

President Donald Trump’s tariffs were billed as a way to bring manufacturing back home. But the measures hit one of America’s most import-dependent industries: fashion.

About 97 percent of clothing sold in the U.S. is imported, mostly from China, Vietnam, Bangladesh and India, according to the American Apparel and Footwear Association.

For years, Gen Z shoppers have been driving the rise of secondhand fashion, but now more Americans are catching on.

“When tariffs raise those costs, resale platforms suddenly look like the smart buy. This isn’t just a fad,” said Jasmine Enberg, co-CEO of Scalable. “Tariffs are accelerating trends that were already reshaping the way Americans shop.”

For James Reinhart, ThredUp’s CEO, the company is already seeing it play out.

“The business is free-cash-flow positive and growing double digits,” said Reinhart. “We feel really good about the economics, gross margins near 80% and operations built entirely within the U.S.”

ThredUp reported that revenue grew 34% year over year in the third quarter. The company also said it acquired more new customers in the quarter than at any other time in its history, with new buyer growth up 54% from the same period last year.

“If tariffs add 20% to 30% to retail prices, that’s a huge advantage for resale,” said Dylan Carden, research analyst at William Blair & Company. “Pre-owned items aren’t subject to those duties, so demand naturally shifts.”

Inside the ThredUp warehouse, where CNBC got a behind-the-scenes look. automation hums alongside human workers. AI systems photograph, categorize, and price thousands of garments per hour. For Reinhart, the technology is key to scaling resale like retail.

“AI has really accelerated adoption,” said Reinhart. “It’s helping us improve discovery, styling, and personalization for buyers.”

That tech wave extends beyond ThredUp. Fashion-tech startups Phia, co-founded by Phoebe Gates and Sophia Kianni, is using AI to scan thousands of listings across retail and resale in seconds.

“The fact that we’ve driven millions in transaction volume shows how big this need is,” Gates said. “People want smarter, cheaper ways to shop.”

ThredUp is betting that domestic infrastructure, automation, and AI will keep it ahead of the curve, and that tariffs meant to revive U.S. manufacturing could end up powering a new kind of American fashion economy.

“The future of fashion will be more sustainable than it is today,” said Reinhart. “And secondhand will be at the center of it.”

Watch the video to learn more.

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AI anxiety on the rise: Startup founders react to bubble fears

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AI anxiety on the rise: Startup founders react to bubble fears

Markets were on edge this week as a steady stream of negative headlines around the artificial intelligence trade stoked fears of a bubble.

Famed short-seller Michael Burry cast doubt on the sustainability of AI earnings. Concerns around the levels of debt funding AI infrastructure buildouts grew louder. And once high-flyers like CoreWeave tanked on disappointing guidance.

CNBC’s Deirdre Bosa asked those at the epicenter of the boom for their take, sitting down with the founders of two of the buzziest AI startups.

Amjad Masad, founder and CEO of AI coding startup Replit, admits there’s been a cooldown.

“Early on in the year, there was the vibe coding hype market, where everyone’s heard about vibe coding. Everyone wanted to go try it. The tools were not as good as they are today. So I think that burnt a lot of people,” Masad said. “So there’s a bit of a vibe coding, I would say, hype slow down, and a lot of companies that were making money are not making as much money.”

Masad added that a lot companies were publishing their annualized recurring revenue figures every week, and “now they’re not.”

Navrina Singh, founder and CEO of startup Credo AI, which helps enterprises with AI oversight and risk management, is seeing more excitement than fear.

“I don’t think we are in a bubble,” she said. “I really believe this is the new reality of the world that we are living in. As we know, AI is going to be and already is our biggest growth driver for businesses. So it just makes sense that there has to be more investment, not only on the capability side, governance side, but energy and infrastructure side as well.”

Watch this video to learn more. 

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