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Polestar has announced that it will create two large trial virtual power plants in California and Gothenburg, Sweden, to examine how Polestar 3’s vehicle-to-grid capability could be leveraged to help stabilize grids and earn money for EV owners while their vehicle is parked.

We’re at Polestar Day in Santa Monica today, where the company is showcasing its future plans to media, investors and owners. For more news from the day, check out our Polestar Day News Hub.

Vehicle to grid, or V2G, is a concept in EVs that allows a vehicle to not only consume energy from the electrical grid, but also to discharge its batteries back into the grid to provide energy when needed.

This is all well and good on a single vehicle basis, but when you combine several vehicles across a large fleet, it has the potential to help stabilize grids by acting as large scale, immediately-dispatchable distributed energy storage.

These collections of distributed batteries have been referred to as “virtual power plants,” and they allow home batteries to take the place of “peaker” electricity plants, which typically run on fossil gas and are highly expensive and polluting. Tesla has launched several of these in various territories, including one in Puerto Rico that could become the world’s largest, and one that just recently got rolled out in San Diego.

But Tesla’s virtual power plants only combine stationary Powerwalls together, which each have a total energy capacity of 13.5kWh. Meanwhile, electric cars typically have much larger batteries than this, and could thus provide a lot more power to the grid, but Teslas don’t have bidirectional charging (and they’re being kinda noncommittal about it).

Enter, then, the Polestar 3. Polestar’s upcoming Polestar 3 SUV will have all the necessary hardware for V2G on release, along with a massive 111kWh battery, the same capacity as more than 8 Powerwalls. And Polestar is now examining how it can use those vehicles to serve as a virtual power plant.

Today at Polestar Day in Santa Monica, Polestar announced that it will run two pilot virtual power plant programs, one in Gothenburg, Sweden, where the company is headquartered, and one in California.

It is partnering with local grid operators in Gothenburg and with the California Energy Commission to study V2G use in the two areas, and try to create plans that can be used across regions. Both studies are being funded by Vinnova, a Swedish government agency that funds R&D projects.

These projects will link all participating Polestar 3 vehicles into a central system that calculates the total battery capacity available and will discharge it to the grid based on demand, but also taking into account battery longevity on the vehicles.

Not only does a system like this help the grid, but it can also help owners make money. When “demand response” events happen and virtual power plants are called on, it’s often when electricity is the most expensive, and therefore, the most profitable to sell back to the grid.

Vehicle-to-grid has the potential to not only benefit individual customers, but whole communities. The average car is parked 90% of the time. With the bi-directional charging capabilities of Polestar 3 and the Polestar VPP, we can explore business models and community solutions that can unlock the true potential of V2G and enable owners to support the energy transition when they don’t need their car for driving.

Thomas Ingenlath, Polestar CEO

For example, in the most recent heat wave in California, wholesale electricity prices got up to around $2,000/MWh, because grid operators were desperate to buy electricity at any price in order to keep the lights on. If that number doesn’t mean anything to you, the current spot price of electricity while I’m writing this article is $56/MWh. So grid operators were paying almost 40 times as much for electricity during that event as they are on a normal November night.

At $2,000/MWh, you could theoretically make over $200 by discharging an entire Polestar 3 battery into the grid. Compare that to the normal cost of charging up, which is somewhere in the $20-$30 range overnight in California, and you can see how this could be a profitable venture.

Powerwall owners have already seen the effects of this, with owners making up to $500 over the course of the first year of Tesla’s virtual power plant in California.

V2G technologies turn EVs into virtual power plants, making homes and the grid more resilient while putting money into the pockets of drivers. The CEC is excited to have Polestar partner with innovators in California to advance their V2G plans

Commissioner Patty Monahan, California Energy Commission

But with vehicles, there are other considerations. Since vehicles are typically used to get places, rather than used specifically for home energy storage like home batteries are, this means that the needs of the grid and the desire for profit must be balanced with… using the vehicle for its intended purpose.

Further, V2G requires additional hardware off the vehicle, allowing homes to feed energy back into the grid, which is not generally the direction that electricity goes in. This is why it has mostly been trialed in fleets (as Nissan and Fermata have done with the Leaf), and in home battery/solar installations where homeowners are installing grid interconnects anyway.

Because of these two barriers, V2G has been more of a dream than a reality for many years, talked about as a theoretical future technology by the EV faithful but without many tangible applications of it in real life.

So Polestar’s trial will see how practical it is for vehicles to be used for this purpose. Since vehicles are parked most of the time, they can be connected and ready for use by the grid. But Polestar will have to see how owner behavior can contribute to this, and how much juice they’ll be able to pull from each vehicle before owners decide they need that range to pick up the kids from soccer practice.

For this last point, Polestar has the benefit of having control over its vehicle software, such that an app could be designed where users can set their own parameters for when and how much they want their vehicle to be discharged during demand response events. Then the system can automatically call on any plugged-in vehicles through the internet and draw whatever owners want to contribute to the cause.

All of this said – while the Polestar 3 does include hardware for V2G, that doesn’t mean the software is included right out of the gate. Polestar says that a software update to enable bidirectional charging will come later, after this study finds the best solutions for consumer adoption and a business model that works for the system. So you’ll have to stay tuned for the results of the trial before you start using your Polestar to save the grid.

The trial begins in the first half of 2024 in Gothenburg, and will run for two years, and Polestar aims for it to be one of the largest V2G pilots in Europe. As for California’s pilot, a “pre-study” will begin in December, and run until October of next year, to decide on a roadmap of how to implement V2G in California.

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Heybike’s latest ALPHA all-terrain e-bike hits new $1,499 low, Hiboy takes 50% off EVs, AeroGarden Harvest 2.0 at new $35 low, more

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April 9, 2025

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Heybike's latest ALPHA all-terrain e-bike hits new ,499 low, Hiboy takes 50% off EVs, AeroGarden Harvest 2.0 at new low, more

We’ve got new and returning lows in our Green Deals today, starting with Heybike’s early Easter flash savings that are seeing up to $500 in discounts (and bonus free gear) across its e-bike lineup, including the latest ALPHA All-Terrain e-bike hitting a new $1,499 low. Right behind it is Hiboy’s Spring Sale offers that are taking up to 50% off e-scooters and e-bikes alike, like the new S2 SE Electric Scooter returning to its $300 low. Lastly, AeroGarden has a collection of its indoor hydroponic systems getting some big price cuts, led by the 6-pod Harvest 2.0 falling to a new $35 low. Plus, all the other hangover Green Deals are in the links at the bottom of the page, like yesterday’s massive Anker SOLIX Easter Sale lineup, the switched around Lectric April sale offers, and more.

Head below for other New Green Deals we’ve found today and, of course, Electrek’s best EV buying and leasing deals. Also, check out the new Electrek Tesla Shop for the best deals on Tesla accessories.

Heybike early Easter flash sale drops latest ALPHA all-terrain e-bike with 60-mile range to new $1,499 low

Heybike has launched a short-term early Easter flash sale with up to $500 being cut from its e-bike prices alongside some free gear packages. One notable inclusion is the brand’s latest ALPHA All-Terrain e-bike that is dropping to $1,499 shipped. Having just hit the market in February with a $1,699 price tag, we saw it launch for preorder with a $100 discount which continued through the subsequent sales until today. Now you can grab it with a $200 markdown, giving you the means to commute anywhere at a new all-time low price.

The Heybike ALPHA e-bike comes with a 500W Mivice mid-drive motor that is paired with a 680Wh battery, providing up to 60 miles of travel when its five PAS levels are active (supported by a torque sensor) at top speeds of up to 28 MPH (depending on your local laws). It weighs in at just under 72 pounds, with a 400-pound payload, and also comes with a throttle for electric-only riding, though the safety feature included here requires you to first pedal it into motion first.

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Designed as a budget-friendly solution, Heybike’s ALPHA e-bike comes with an array of solid stock features without increasing costs, like the hydraulic front suspension fork, hydraulic disc brakes, and 4-inch puncture-protected fat tires. Along with these, you’ll also find a Shimano Altus 8-speed derailleur, fenders over both tires, an integrated rear cargo rack, an LED headlight with an auto-on functionality, an integrated taillight with braking light functionality, and an LCD for settings and controls (including app-synced controls too).

Heybike’s other early Easter flash sale deals:

  • Mars 2.0 Folding Fat-Tire e-bike: $999 (Reg. $1,499)
    • 28 MPH for up to 45 miles
    • 1,000W motor (32 MPH speed) costs $100 more
    • comes with free front basket and large basket
  • Ranger S Folding Fat-Tire e-bike: $1,099 (Reg. $1,499)
    • 28 MPH for up to 55 miles
    • 1,000W motor (32 MPH speed) costs $200 more
    • comes with free front basket and large basket
  • Cityrun Urban Commuter e-bike: $1,099 (Reg. $1,599)
    • 21 MPH for up to 55 miles
    • comes with free front basket and large basket
  • Hauler Single-Battery Cargo e-bike: $1,399 (Reg. $1,499)
    • 28 MPH for up to 55 miles
    • dual battery setup (85-mile range) costs $300 more
    • comes with large rear basket
  • Tyson Uni-Body e-bike: $1,399 (Reg. $1,699)
    • 28 MPH for up to 55 miles
    • comes with free large basket
  • Horizon Full-Suspension e-bike: $1,499 (Reg. $1,999)
    • 28 MPH for up to 55 miles
    • comes with free front basket and large basket
  • Brawn Off-Road e-bike: $1,499 (Reg. $1,799)
    • 28 MPH for up to 65 miles
    • comes with free large basket
  • Hero Carbon-Fiber All-Terrain e-bike: $2,499 (Reg. $2,599)
    • 35 MPH for up to 60 miles
    • comes with free large basket
Hiboy S2 SE Electric Scooter

Hiboy’s Spring Sale returns latest S2 SE Electric Scooter to $300 low

Hiboy has a banner on its website saying that it will be increasing prices in the near future, which makes it a great time to take advantage of its Spring Sale pricing with up to 50% being taken off its lineup of e-scooters and e-bikes. One of its newest releases, the S2 SE Electric Scooter, is back in stock and down at $299.98 shipped right now. This model hit the market right at the top of 2025 carrying a $550 price tag, with the brand’s late winter and early spring discounts returning it to the same $300 low. That rate is returning here today, giving you an affordable means to zoom through commutes while saving $250 in the process.

Expanding upon the designs of the predecessor models in the S2 series, Hiboy’s S2 SE electric scooter brings the same reliability alongside budget-friendly, upgraded commuting power. It’s been given a Q235 steel frame with a 350W Hall brushless DC motor paired alongside a 36V 7.8Ah battery, providing you with up to 17 miles of travel on a full charge at up to 19 MPH top speeds. It’s motor also peaks up to 430W in order to tackle inclines with up to 15-degree slopes.

The tires have seen a major upgrade, with both coming 17% wider for better grip along the pavement, while the 10-inch solid front tire offers puncture resistance and the 10-inch pneumatic rear tire provides better shock absorption. The fender has also been widened by 26% to prevent water toss-ups, with the entire scooter having a 20% increase in its load-bearing capacity thanks to the steel frame design. Other features include a folding design, LED headlight/taillight, an e-brake/drum brake system that is pretty standard for scooters, and an integrated HD LED display.

More Hiboy S2 series e-scooter discounts:

Other Hiboy e-scooter discounts:

Hiboy e-bike discounts:

Hiboy’s spring bundle deals:

AeroGarden Harvest 2.0 Indoor Hydroponic System

AeroGarden relaunches and drops its Harvest 2.0 indoor hydroponic system to a new $35 low

For anyone who may have been sad to hear that AeroGarden planned to close its doors at the start of 2025 – the company is officially staying alive and relaunching now that spring is here, with Amazon currently offering a number of its hydroponic systems at discounted rates. Among them, you’ll find the popular AeroGarden Harvest 2.0 6-Pod Indoor Hydroponic System in multiple colorways starting from $34.99 shipped. No longer listed at its original $90 rate and more recently keeping between $65 and $70 at Amazon, we saw the brand cut prices back during Black Friday and Christmas, with those discounts going as low as $45 which continued through the first two months of the new year. As unexpected as the announcement that it would be staying open, the price is now getting brought down lower than ever with the 50% markdown off the new going rate, putting $35 back in your pocket.

No need to deal with soil or have outdoor space for gardening here, as this AeroGarden device allows you to grow six vegetables, herbs, or flowers up to 12 inches tall right inside your kitchen thanks to the water bowl design. It has a 15W grow light that can simulate the natural lighting of the sun with automatic on/off features, germinating ”up to 5x faster than in soil” – plus, it will even remind you when to add plant food. You’ll also be receiving a starter kit with essential items, including plant food and grow sponges. If you’d prefer a larger model, you’ll find its 9-pod counterpart down at $90 right now too.

More AeroGarden deals:

  • Sprout: $28 (Reg. $53)
    • 3-plant system
    • comes with pre-seeded pod kit
  • Harvest Elite: $57 (Reg. $80)
    • 6-plant system
    • comes with pre-seeded pod kit
  • Harvest Elite Slim: $130 (Reg. $150)
    • 6-plant system
    • comes with Gourmet Herb Seed Pod Kit
  • Bounty: $211 (Reg. $230)
    • 9-plant system
    • Wi-Fi and Alexa compatibility
    • comes with pre-seeded pod kit

Best New Year EV deals!

Best new Green Deals landing this week

The savings this week are also continuing to a collection of other markdowns. To the same tune as the offers above, these all help you take a more energy-conscious approach to your routine. Winter means you can lock in even better off-season price cuts on electric tools for the lawn while saving on EVs and tons of other gear.

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Tesla’s top financial controller leaves (TSLA)

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3 hours ago

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April 9, 2025

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Tesla's top financial controller leaves (TSLA)

Tesla’s director of accounting controllership, Harsh Rungta, has left the automaker and joined eVTOL aircraft manufacturer Archer Aviation.

Rungta has been at Tesla for more than 6 years.

He came from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), Tesla’s independent registered public accounting firm, and became Tesla’s Director of Automotive Revenue & Energy Business Controller.

According to his responsibilities listed on his LinkedIn profile, he was in charge of all corporate accounting at Tesla:

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• Lead the corporate accounting function including technical accounting for complex areas like revenue, leases, debt financing etc. and SEC reporting e.g. 10K/10Qs and 8-Ks.
• Manage the full financial statements and monthly/quarterly financial close process
• Work closely with C-Suite and cross function teams on various strategic business initiatives including new product/revenue stream roll outs, new market launches, new manufacturing site commercialization
• Manage topline of the Company across all businesses (vehicles, energy storage, solar, subscription, AI, insurance, after sale services)
• Work with supply chain, factory and product leaders, IT organization on optimizing procurement to cost accounting.
• Heavily involved in financial planning, monthly, quarterly forecasting, and plan to actual analysis.
• Closely work with IR and legal on Shareholders Letter for Earnings call.
• Responsible for reports to Audit Committee for quarterly financial results and operational updates.
• Oversight of the financial statements of 80+ partnership structures involving outside investors fund accounting involving equity tax structures with outside investors and statutory filings for insurance business entities
• Spearheaded setting up of processes, systems and controls to operationalize new launches like insurance, captive financing, crypto investments and payment acceptance, software and SAAS products.
• Manage finance transformation team on process optimization.
• Oversee IT system implementations in partnership with IT organization and Internal Audit.
• Oversee SOX compliance program and manage external auditor relationship.

Last year, he was promoted to ‘director, accounting controllership’, which generally oversees and manages all financial and accounting operations of a company.

In 2023, Tesla’s Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Zachary Kirkhorn, left and was replaced by then Chief Accounting Officer, Vaibhav Taneja.

Tesla hasn’t announced a new Chief Accounting Officer since Taneja took over the CFO role, which should make Rungta Tesla’s top accounting controller.

In an update to his LinkedIn profile this week, Rungta confirmed that he left Tesla and he is now ‘SVP Finance & Chief Accounting Officer’ at Archer Aviation.

We recently reported that Tesla also lost one of its top designers to Archer.

Rungta, who was a big part of Tesla’s quarterly financial results, is leaving just two weeks before the automaker is expected to release its Q1 2025 financial results.

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Volkswagen is ‘shifting into the fast lane’ as EV sales climb 59%, double in Europe

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3 hours ago

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April 9, 2025

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Volkswagen is 'shifting into the fast lane' as EV sales climb 59%, double in Europe

Volkswagen-EV-sales-Europe

After its electric car sales surged in the first three months of 2025, Volkswagen’s CEO said the company is “shifting into the fast lane.” In Europe, Volkswagen expanded its lead after EV sales doubled. Despite the success, the auto giant is still struggling in one key market.

Volkswagen EV sales double in Europe in the first quarter

Volkswagen delivered 216,800 all-electric vehicles globally in the first quarter, up 59% from 136,400 last year. The growth bumped up Volkswagen’s global EV market share from 6% to 10%.

Strong growth in Europe and the US helped offset fewer deliveries in China. In Europe, Volkswagen delivered over 150,000 EVs through the first three months of 2025, more than double (+113%) the number it handed over in the year prior.

Volkswagen is the “clear BEV market leader in Europe” with around 26% of the market. In comparison, Tesla’s sales were down in every European market in Q1, except the UK.

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In Germany alone, almost every second EV came from a VW Group brand. With new models like the ID.7 Tourer and Audi Q6 e-tron, Volkswagen’s orders in Western Europe are back up around one million (980,000).

Volkswagen’s top five best-selling EVs globally were the ID.4 and ID.5 (43,700), ID.3 (28,100), Audi A4 e-tron (22,800), Škoda Enyaq (20,200), and ID.7 (19,100).

Volkswagen-EV-sales-Europe
Volkswagen ID.3 (left) and ID.4 (right)

Global BEV deliveries rise but slip in China

In the US, VW Group EV sales were up 51%. The VW ID.4 was one of the top-selling EVs in the first quarter, with 7,663 units sold. Its electric minibus, the ID.Buzz is now rolling out, with 1,901 units sold in Q1.

Volkswagen Group CEO Oliver Blume said, “Now we’re shifting into the fast lane” with new models arriving. The company expects “additional tailwinds” from new model launches in 2025.

Volkswagen-EV-sales-Europe
Volkswagen ID.4 (Source: Volkswagen)

Despite growth in Europe and the US, Volkswagen is still struggling to keep pace with BYD and others in China. Volkswagen blamed an “intense competitive situation in China” after EV deliveries fell 37% to 25,900, down from 41,000 last year.

After surpassing VW as the top-selling car brand in China last year, BYD’s impressive sales run is heating up in 2025.

Volkswagen-EV-sales-Europe
From left to right: Volkswagen ID.4, ID Buzz, ID.7 (Source: Volkswagen US Media Site)

BYD sold 166,109 electric cars last month alone. Through the first three months of 2025, the Chinese EV giant has sold 416,388 all-electric vehicles.

After cutting prices this month on some of its top-selling models, BYD’s cheapest EV, the Seagull, now starts at under $8,000 (56,800 yuan).

Volkswagen-ID.1-EV
Volkswagen ID.EVERY1 world premier (Source: VW)

With ambitious plans to expand overseas this year, can Volkswagen and other global OEMs keep pace? S&P Global Mobility forecasts that BYD’s sales in Europe will double in 2025 to around 186,000. By 2029, that number could reach 400,000 or more.

Volkswagen is banking on its new affordable EV lineup to help it fend off BYD and other EV leaders over the next few years. The first, VW’s ID.2, will launch next year starting at around 25,000 euros ($27,500), followed by an SUV version and an even cheaper ID.1 in 2027.

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