Rishi Sunak thought the government should “just let people die” rather than see the country go into another lockdown, Dominic Cummings is said to have claimed.
A diary entry from the government’s former chief scientific adviser, Sir Patrick Vallance, said Mr Cummings made the remark during a heated meeting over whether to impose stricter pandemic measures back in October 2020.
In the extract, shown to the official COVID inquiry on Monday, Sir Patrick said the then-prime minister, Boris Johnson, had argued against any lockdown, saying he was for “letting it all rip” and that those who would die from contracting the virus had “had a good innings”.
Sir Patrick then detailed a row between Mr Johnson and his chief adviser, with Mr Cummings calling for the PM to act, “arguing we need to save lives”.
The chief scientist described Mr Johnson as “getting very frustrated” and “throwing papers down” in the meeting, before saying: “Looks like we are in a really tough spot, a complete shambles. I really don’t want to do another national lockdown”.
But according to the entry, the prime minister was told “to go down this route of letting go, ‘you need to tell people – you need to tell them you are going to allow people to die”.
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Image: Boris Johnson was “frustrated” in meetings and didn’t want to introduce a lockdown in October 2020, says Sir Patrick Vallance
The meeting ended with an agreement to “beef up” the tier system being implemented across the country at the time and to “consider a national lockdown”.
Sir Patrick also wrote: “DC [Dominic Cummings] says ‘Rishi thinks just let people die and that’s OK.”
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The scientific adviser concluded it “all feels like a complete lack of leadership” – words he stood by at Monday’s COVID inquiry hearing.
Asked about the extract by the inquiry’s legal team, Sir Patrick added: “It must have felt like a complete lack of leadership and reading it, it feels like quite a shambolic day.”
‘Risk’ of Eat Out To Help Out
Earlier in the hearing, Sir Patrick also revealed the government’s scientific and medical advisers were not told about Mr Sunak’s “Eat Out To Help Out” scheme until it was announced by the then chancellor, saying their advice about the increased risk of transmission would have been “very clear”.
Written evidence from Mr Sunak to the inquiry said: “I don’t recall any concerns about [the scheme] being expressed during ministerial discussions, including those attended by [Sir Patrick].”
Sir Patrick Vallance today detailed the tug of war in government in the run-up to the first and second lockdowns – and in the course of it, made some serious allegations which Rishi Sunak will have to answer when he appears before the inquiry.
Its seriousness is not just that it comes from the chief scientist – who has no political axe to grind – but that much of this evidence is not in hindsight, but from contemporaneous notes in his diary.
The Treasury’s Eat Out to Help Out Scheme has been much picked over in this inquiry and Sir Patrick confirms the department did not seek any scientific advice before launching it and that it would have increased transmission risk.
That brings us up to the most damaging allegation against Mr Sunak
But asked about the inconsistency with his own statement, Sir Patrick said: “Around that time lots of measures were being released and you will see repeated references in various minutes and notes and emails and indeed, I am sure, in my private notes, to our concern that people were piling on more and more things and this would come to drive R above one and I think that was discussed at cabinet as well.
“So I think it would have been very obvious to anyone that this was likely to cause, well, inevitably would cause an increase in transmission risk and I think that would have been known by ministers.”
He added: “I would be very surprised if any minister didn’t understand that these openings carried risk.”
A Number 10 spokesperson said they would not be commenting on specific evidence while the inquiry was ongoing.
But they said Mr Sunak believed it was “important that we learn the lessons of COVID, and that where lessons are to be learned, we do that in the spirit of transparency and candour”, adding: The government has submitted more than 55,000 documents in support of their work and continues to fully participate with the inquiry.”
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Rishi Sunak unveiled Eat Out To Help Out in July 2020 – but Sir Patrick Vallance says scientific and medical advisers weren’t told about it beforehand
The division did not appear to be limited to that one scheme, however, with Sir Patrick’s diaries showing how he thought scientific advisers were kept out of strategy meetings by both Number 10 and the Cabinet Office.
The adviser told the inquiry there were “periods when it was clear that the unwelcome advice we were giving was, as expected, not loved and that meant we had to work doubly hard that the science evidence and advice was being properly heard”.
He added: “There were times, because we were giving unpalatable evidence and advice, people would prefer not to hear it.”
Sir Patrick also said “pressure” was sometimes put on advisers to change advice, pointing to a WhatsApp exchange with the then health secretary Matt Hancock.
“[Mr Hancock] asked me to change something and I said no, we are not going to change our advice, because that is where the evidence bit comes in,” said the adviser. “You have got to at least see that even if you disagree with it and don’t want to do it.”
He added: “I am absolutely sure, because politicians are politicians, that there were attempts to manage us and make sure we were not always given the access we might need
“But I think overall we managed to get through all that… and make sure the advice and evidence was heard.”
Image: Matt Hancock was health secretary during the pandemic
Asked for his opinion on Mr Hancock after working with him throughout the pandemic, Sir Patrick said: “He had a habit of saying things which he didn’t have a basis for.
“He would say them too enthusiastically, too early without the evidence to back them up and then have to backtrack from hem days later.
“I don’t know to what extent that was over-enthusiasm versus deliberate. I think a lot of it was over-enthusiasm, but he definitely said things that surprised me because I knew that the evidence base wasn’t there.”
A spokesman for Mr Hancock said: “Mr Hancock has supported the inquiry throughout and will respond to all questions when he gives his evidence.”
Johnson ‘bamboozled’
Mr Johnson’s understanding of the science was also brought into question by Sir Patrick, who said the prime minister was left “clearly bamboozled” during a meeting between the pair about schools in May 2020.
Ten days later, Sir Patrick wrote that Mr Johnson “sways between optimism and pessimism” and he was “still confused on different types of tests (he holds it in his head for a session and then it goes).”
Another extract from June 2020 said: “Watching [the] PM get his head around stats is awful. He finds relative and absolute risk almost impossible to understand.”
And a further entry from same month said it was “a real struggle to get [Mr Johnson] to understand” graphs.
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‘Science was not Boris Johnson’s forte’
Sir Patrick again stood by his entry when questioned by the inquiry’s legal team, pointing to how Mr Johnson dropped science as a subject aged 15, adding: “He did struggle with some of the concepts and we did need to repeat them often.”
But while the senior scientist said it was “hard work sometimes to try and make sure that he had understood what a particular graph or piece of data was saying”, Mr Johnson did not have a “unique inability to grasp some of these concepts”, adding that it was “not unusual amongst leaders in Western democracies”.
A survivor of the Southport knife attack is calling for the use of blunt-tipped knives in home kitchens, in a campaign she says is “for the girls”.
In one of her first television interviews since the July 2024 attack, Leanne Lucas, 36, tells Sky News it was the “tip of the knife” that caused injuries that led to her “nearly dying”.
“I never, ever thought I’d be talking about things like this,” Ms Lucas tells Sky’s Katerina Vittozzi, “but since what happened in July, I really can’t sit still and not say how I feel”.
Ms Lucas was leading a group of children in a Taylor Swift-themed dance workshop when they came under attack by Axel Rudakubana, then aged 17.
“What happened before the incident was just pure joy,” Ms Lucas remembers.
“We were just having so much fun. And for that to be ruined and everyone’s life that was involved, to be shattered, is just not acceptable,” she says.
Bebe King, six, Elsie Dot Stancombe, seven, and Alice da Silva Aguiar, nine, were killed in the attack. Ten others, including Ms Lucas, were injured.
The attacker used a kitchen knife with a 20cm blade, purchased via the online retailer, Amazon.
“I don’t want this pain and this trauma that any of us have felt, I don’t want that to happen to another family,” Ms Lucas says.
Her new campaign, launched today, is called Let’s Be Blunt and aims to “raise social awareness” of safer-tipped knives.
Image: Let’s Be Blunt aims to alert people to the dangers of sharp-tipped kitchen knives
“A safer option is to go for curved or blunt-tip knives… that reduces that risk of the kitchen knife being used ever as a weapon,” she says.
It’s an issue about which Ms Lucas feels “passionate”.
“[I] will not let evil win. I need to know that I’m doing this for the girls, for myself and for future generations,” she says.
“We don’t need to wait for government or the police to tell us what to do,” Ms Lucas adds, as she calls on the public to “do an inventory” of their kitchen knives.
Since the attack, Ms Lucas says she feels “like I’ve just had my eyes opened” to how “domestic tools can be weaponised”.
“I personally feel that knife crime has got out of control,” she adds.
According to the latest data from the Office for National Statistics, kitchen knives are the most common type of weapon used in knife homicides.
Image: An example of some of the rounded-edge or safe-tipped kitchen knives now on sale
“You normally hear of the zombie knives, machetes, things like that,” Ms Lucas says.
“They sound dangerous but really, when you look at the figures, the highest figure is the domestic kitchen knife, which we have all got in our kitchen, which we use daily.”
Ms Lucas says “since the attack in the summer,” she has never “cooked with a pointed kitchen knife again” and that using a blunt-tipped knife makes her feel “safer”.
“Obviously, people can hurt people in many ways,” she says. “It’s about reducing that opportunity to cause life-damaging, life-threatening injuries that can take people’s lives.”
Reflecting on the personal nature of the campaign, Ms Lucas tells Sky News it was a “privilege” to be a survivor, but that she does not “want to be defined by what happened to us”.
“My work was for the girls,” she says. “My work was for the community… and just creating memories that will last a lifetime… and I don’t want this to be part of our memories.”
Ms Lucas says she hopes Let’s Be Blunt will “inspire” other Southport survivors.
“If I can show them that there’s hope and that real change came from what happened to us… If I can do that, then that’s what I’ll do.”
Marks and Spencer (M&S) has warned investors it is facing a £300m hit to trading profits as a result of last month’s ransomware attack.
The company said it was aiming to reduce the figure significantly through management of some costs, including the prospect of insurance payouts, but added disruption to its operations could last into July.
The continuing fallout from last month’s cyberattack is hanging over the retailer’s outlook as its online channels remain down for payments.
Website sales are expected to resume, at least partially, in a couple of weeks’ time.
M&S said it could not comment on whether it had paid a ransom to the hackers.
Chief executive Stuart Machin, who blamed “human error” for the attack, told an analysts’ call the company was “on the road to recovery” and “getting back to business”.
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It is widely believed the group fell victim to the same hackers, known as Scattered Spider, who were linked to similar attacks on the Co-op and Harrods towards the end of April.
Both M&S and the Co-op have admitted personal customer data was snatched, but say the thefts were limited to names and contact details, with payment details safe.
The Co-op said last week it was aiming to improve grocery availability in its stores but progress is believed to have been limited so far, with some empty shelves still being reported.
M&S has seen more than one billion pounds lost from its stock market value since it declared the incident on 22 April.
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Who is behind M&S cyberattack?
The company said of its predicament: “Over the last few weeks, we have been managing a highly sophisticated cyber incident. As a team, we have worked around the clock with suppliers and partners to contain the incident and stabilise operations, taking proactive measures to minimise the disruption for customers.
“We are seeking to make the most of the opportunity to accelerate the pace of improvement of our technology transformation and have found new and innovative ways of working.
“We are focused on recovery, restoring our systems, operations and customer proposition over the rest of the first half, with the aim of exiting this period a much stronger business.
“Since the incident, Food sales have been impacted by reduced availability, although this is already improving. We have also incurred additional waste and logistics costs, due to the need to operate manual processes, impacting profit in the first quarter.
“In Fashion, Home & Beauty, online sales and trading profit have been heavily impacted by the necessary decision to pause online shopping, however stores have remained resilient.
“We expect online disruption to continue throughout June and into July as we restart, then ramp up operations. This will also mean increased stock management costs in the second quarter.”
The statement added the anticipated hit to operating profits this year will be around £300m for 2025/26, which will be reduced through management of costs, insurance and other trading actions. It is expected that costs directly relating to the incident will be presented separately as an adjusting item.
Mr Machin thanked customers for being “unwavering in their support” for the chain.
“This incident is a bump in the road, and we will come out of this in better shape, and continue our plan to reshape M&S for customers, colleagues and shareholders,” he said.
M&S gave the update while revealing financial results for the year to 29 March.
They showed trading profits at a 15-year high. M&S reported a 22.2% rise to £875.5m, with sales up across each of its product divisions.
Shareholders were rewarded with a 20% increase in the final dividend.
However, that failed to placate investors as the share price fell by almost 3.5% at the market open on Wednesday.
Dan Coatsworth, investment analyst at AJ Bell, said of the update: “Marks & Spencer has lost a significant number of sales after temporarily halting online orders. Disruption to supplies meant gaps on the shelves and more lost sales in-store. It has also incurred extra waste and logistics costs, all having a negative impact on profit.
“The fact online operations might not be back to full power until later in the summer means the company still cannot achieve full earnings potential for some time to come. Marks & Spencer will be able to lower the total hit to profit once it claims on insurance, among other factors, but the cyber-attack has still knocked the business for six.
“There’s still a big unknown regarding any potential fines on Marks & Spencer from the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO), which enforces data protection regulation.
“There are plenty of examples of companies that have been fined by the ICO for not taking appropriate steps to prevent data breaches. The maximum fine by the ICO is £17.5m or 4% of global annual turnover, whichever is higher. Marks & Spencer has just reported £13.8bn revenue, so 4% of that figure is £552m.
“That’s in a worst-case scenario, and any fine would account for many different factors. We’re unlikely to find out in the near term if there will be a fine as there will be investigations galore into exactly what’s happened and into the retailer’s overall data protection capabilities.”
The foreign secretary has denounced Israel’s actions in Gaza as “intolerable” but stopped short of saying it had committed genocide.
MPs could be heard shouting “genocide” in the Commons chamber as David Lammy announced the government was suspending its trade negotiations with Israel and summoning Tzipi Hotovely, Israel’s ambassador to the UK, to the Foreign Office.
The UK has also sanctioned a number of individuals and groups in the West Bank which it says have been linked with acts of violence against Palestinians – including Daniella Weiss, a leading settler activist who was the subject of Louis Theroux’s recent documentary The Settlers.
Israel immediately criticised the UK government actions as “regrettable” and said the free trade agreement talks, which ministers have now backed out of, were “not being advanced at all by the UK government”.
Oren Marmorstein, a spokesperson for the Israeli foreign affairs ministry, said: “If, due to anti-Israel obsession and domestic political considerations, the British government is willing to harm the British economy – that is its own prerogative.”
Mr Lammy’s intervention came in response to Israel ramping up its latest military offensive in Gaza and its decision to limit the amount of aid into the enclave.
Tom Fletcher, head of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, accused Israel of “deliberately and unashamedly” imposing inhumane conditions on Palestinians by blocking aid from entering Gaza more than 10 weeks ago.
He also told the UN’s security council last week that it must “act now” to “prevent genocide” – a claim that Israel has vehemently denied.
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Aftermath of strike on Gaza school-turned-shelter
Speaking in the Commons, the foreign secretary said the threat of starvation was “hanging over hundreds of thousands of civilians” and that the 11-week blockade stopping humanitarian aid reaching Gaza was “indefensible and cruel”.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has agreed to allow a limited amount of aid into the besieged enclave in response to global concern at reports of famine.
Mr Lammy said Mr Netanyahu’s govenrment was “isolating Israel from its friends and partners around the world, undermining the interests of the Israeli people and damaging the image of the state of Israel in the eyes of the world”.
“We are now entering a dark new phase in this conflict,” Mr Lammy added.
“Netanyahu’s government is planning to drive Gazans from their homes into a corner of the strip to the south and permit them a fraction of the aid that they need.”
Referring to one of the far-right ministers in Mr Netanyahu’s government, he said Bezalel Smotrich “even spoke of Israeli forces cleansing Gaza, destroying what’s left of residents, Palestinians being relocated, he said, to third countries”.
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Surgeon compares Gaza to ‘killing fields’
MPs from across the house shouted “genocide” as Mr Lammy said: “We must call this what it is. It is extremism. It is dangerous. It is repellent. It is monstrous and I condemn it in the strongest possible terms.”
In the Commons, a number of Labour MPs urged the government to go further against Israel.
Yasmin Qureshi, the Labour MP for Bolton South and Walkden, said there needed to be a “full arms embargo” and said: “Can I ask the foreign secretary what additional steps he’s going to be taking in order to stave off this genocide?”
Another Labour MP told Sky News that while the statement was “better than previously…without a concrete timeline and a sanctioning of responsible ministers, it’s hard to know what tangible difference it will make.”
Israel also believes the offensive will prevent Hamas from looting and distributing humanitarian aid, which itsays strengthens the group’s rule in Gaza.
Mr Netanyahu has defended Israel’s actions in Gaza and reacted angrily to a joint statementpenned by the leaders of the UK, France and Canada, in which they urged Israel to end its military offensive in Gaza and lift restrictions on humanitarian aid allowed into the enclave.
The Israeli prime minister said: “By asking Israel to end a defensive war for our survival before Hamas terrorists on our border are destroyed and by demanding a Palestinian state, the leaders in London, Ottawa and Paris are offering a huge prize for the genocidal attack on Israel on October 7 while inviting more such atrocities.
“No nation can be expected to accept anything less and Israel certainly won’t. This is a war of civilisation over barbarism. Israel will continue to defend itself by just means until total victory is achieved.”