Tesla shares 48V architecture with other automakers to move the industry
One of the less obvious features of the Tesla Cybertruck is its vehicle voltage architecture. The Cybertruck is the first EV from the automaker to use a 48-Volt (48V) electrical system implementation throughout the entire vehicle, as compared to the 12V systems that are used in pretty much every other vehicle on the planet. Today, Tesla shared its 48V implementation documentation with other major automakers — including competitors like Ford.
Ford’s own CEO Jim Farley confirmed the news on X, formerly Twitter, last night.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk also chimed in.
The consequences of Tesla’s actions won’t be immediately obvious in any other carmaker’s products, as they will likely take a long time to manifest into any real changes for the industry — if they do at all. But let’s take a step back.
Why does 48V architecture matter?
48V architecture is a huge deal not because it enables any particular feature or capability for any one car, but because it will lead to a step change in how automakers wire, accessorize, and electrically engineer their vehicles.
The first mass-produced vehicles generally used 6V architecture to power things like headlamps, and the industry broadly began to adopt 12V electrics in the 1950s. By the late 1960s, almost every car on sale in the US used 12V electrics — power windows, interior lighting, cigarette lighters, brake lights, ignition spark, batteries, and more all unified around this common voltage standard. This change was a big deal, because it meant that the suppliers who built a lot of these electrically-driven components could easily adapt their products to work with any car. Parts became yet more standardized (plus, more affordable and reliable), and eventually 12V became the universal standard for vehicle electrics.
The problems with 12V architecture, though, have been looming (pun intended) for years. Because of the low voltage of this architecture, delivering sufficient power to all vehicle systems that need electricity became more and more complex. And as cars integrated more and more electrical components over the years, this led to ruinously complicated vehicle wiring layouts. (I want to be clear: I am vastly oversimplifying the nature of the challenges of 12V architecture, and it should be obvious by now I’m not an electrical engineer. I probably shouldn’t be allowed to be too close to a wall outlet, frankly.)
Switching to 48V architecture alleviates a huge number of challenges automakers are facing with 12V. The biggest one, though, is complexity: You need far less complex wiring harnesses to power all your vehicle systems, because each wire can supply far more power and voltage in a 48V system. 48V architecture also potentially improves overall electrical efficiency for reasons that I am not sufficiently qualified to explain beyond a kindergarten level, meaning your car’s accessory systems may require less power overall to operate (quite important for an EV).
12V roadblocks remain despite Tesla’s action
The challenge in adopting 48V architecture primarily lays in the vehicle supplier ecosystem, but that conclusion requires a bit of context setting.
If you cannot convert all of a vehicle’s systems to 48V architecture, the benefits of using such an architecture start to diminish pretty quickly in the form of introducing new complexities (i.e., a hybrid 48V / 12V vehicle architecture). As such, most automakers have clung to 12V because they know it and it works.
If an automaker decides to move to a 48V architecture, whatever car it builds must use 48V-ready accessories. But, suppliers aren’t incentivized to build such accessories without sufficient demand. While carmakers like Ford certainly have the power and scale to commission 48V parts independently, the per-unit cost of those components is likely to be substantially higher than their 12V equivalents — especially if they’re being produced in comparatively low volumes. And, many carmakers would be forced to make such a transition slowly over their entire vehicle lineup (it’s worth noting that ICE vehicles can use and would benefit greatly from 48V systems, too). And so, most carmakers stick with 12V. It’s a chicken-and-egg kind of issue.
Why did Tesla share its 48V architecture?
To be frank, Tesla isn’t sharing its 48V architecture from the Cybertruck for purely altruistic reasons. Once you understand the conundrum around vehicle suppliers in the 12V world and making a transition to 48V, things start to come into greater focus. Tesla knows that transitioning to 48V is going to be incredibly difficult for legacy OEMs, and while there is potentially upside for Tesla in such a change (more on that in a moment), this is something of a PR move.
By publishing its 48V architecture, Tesla is saying “OK, we’ll show you how we did this thing — a thing you say is really complicated and difficult and would take years to replicate. You can just copy us.” But Tesla knows full well that even a powerful and well-resourced company like Ford can’t spin up a 48V accessory supply chain overnight, and that such a change would incur very substantial non-recurring engineering work (NRE, as it’s known in some industries).
For Tesla, though, there are theoretical benefits in the event the wider industry switches to 48V vehicle systems. The biggest one is the supply chain. The more components in the global vehicle supply chain that are designed for 48V vehicle systems, the lower the cost of those components will become over time — through volume, competitive engineering, and increased reliability. The second is a bit more nebulous, but arguably just as important: Engineers and other skilled workers in the industry will coalesce their work and knowledge around 48V systems, reducing the amount of redundant work happening and increasing the number of workers in the hiring pool who can understand and innovate on Tesla’s systems (and who can bring their knowledge to Tesla, barring any intellectual property infringement, of course).
Electrek’s Take
It’s hard to see a downside to this move for anyone — for Tesla, the industry, or for the engineers designing the vehicle systems themselves. And it’s plain that the supplier ecosystem needs a kick in the pants to accelerate the transition to 48V, and that the benefits of such a transition are very substantial.
But it’s much harder to say how much of an impact Tesla’s decision to share its 48V design will actually have. Clearly, automakers are already incentivized to move to 48V, but doing so is challenging for a reason — it’s not just laziness. There are legitimate (if frustratingly financial and logistical) reasons that the 48V transition is moving along slowly.
It’s very possible that providing publicity around this relatively esoteric technical issue will be the greatest factor in instigating more aggressive work to implement 48V vehicle systems, as opposed to any technical know-how gleaned from Tesla’s documentation.
It should also be noted that Tesla has two distinct advantages in transitioning to 48V that legacy automakers do not. The first is being unusually vertically integrated in its approach to building vehicles — Tesla designs almost all of its own vehicle systems, even if they may be procured from third parties who actually manufacture them. The second is that Tesla doesn’t have many legacy vehicle designs to support or consider in deciding to transition electrical architectures. Put another way, Tesla’s focus on independent engineering and low legacy debt are huge reasons it can introduce a 48V vehicle while other auto OEMs continue to stick to 12V and likely will for years from now, even in their EVs. And simply telling other carmakers how it built a 48V system won’t change those realities overnight.
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With the winter in full swing, it’s easy to spend most of the time indoors, but if you’re still looking to scratch that itch to get out and spend more time outside exploring, the XQi3 by NIU is the perfect solution to explore both trails and urban spots. On top of NIU designing the XQi3 with some great handling for off-road riding, it’s also fully street-legal.
It’s always a blast to be out in the trails enjoying nature but for urban areas, there’s usually a lot to explore and luckily the XQi3 is able to be registered as a moped. NIU has an EKHO Dealer collab that enables NIU to sell licensed and registered vehicles to customers directly, making it easy to ride off with a fully compliant street-legal bike.
Before we get into how it handles off-road let’s go through some of the quick specs.
The XQi3 has a top speed of 45 km/h for street-legal use and up to 80 km/h for off-road. Powering the bike is a removable 72v 32ah LG lithium-ion battery, which gives you a max range of 90km on a single charge, of course, that will vary depending on if you are in eco or sports mode, but it’s certainly plenty of range to explore new trails or new sites without having range anxiety, and since it is removable, you’ll be able to charge it anywhere, anytime.
Okay, now that we got some of those specs out of the way, it’s time to dive into one of the most exciting aspects about this bike which is just how great the handling feels while riding off road. This probably won’t be listed on a spec sheet but the wide grippy seat and overall design of this bike makes it very functional as an offroad bike.
NIU made this bike for riders to actually use offroad and one of the obvious signs of that is the stock skidplate that they added for more protection.
While the lightweight feel and torquey motor give a ton of confidence while riding, knowing that the bike is robust enough for this kind of riding is encouraging for trying out new sections that would normally feel intimidating.
And with that extra level of protection dropping the bike is not as worrying as you might think making it easy to pick up the bike, and continue riding just as you would on any other powersports bike.
As for the suspension the XQi3 uses adjustable front and rear KKE suspension that lets you fine-tune the compression, rebound, and preload depending on your size and what kind of riding you intend to do.
While riding through roots and loose dirt the 19-inch off-road tires hold up surprisingly well and with the tread patterns not being too aggressive it’s a great balance between traction and durability since very aggressive tread patterns typically wear out fairly quickly when using them on the tarmac.
And to brake the XQi3 features 203 mm rear disc brakes and 220 mm front disc brakes giving some great braking action for both on and off-road action.
NIU also added some great tech onto the XQi3 which includes seamless app connectivity via Bluetooth letting you unlock a world of features from monitoring your battery and vehicle status to tracking your route history.
In addition NIU is the only company in the category that has the ability to send out OTA updates.
For security the bike uses an NFC card to unlock but can also be unlocked via bluetooth.
And through your controls as well as the display you can navigate to eco or sport mode and you can also use the Ultraboost to get you up to 8000W up from the 3500W of rated power. Through the display you’ll also be able to check your battery level, speed, lap times and more.
For added safety, NIU included an emergency kill switch where if disconnected, the feature will automatically cut off power to the motor just in case of any emergency.
For those unfamiliar with NIU, the brand is now celebrating their 10 year anniversary and with that they’ve announced that the brand will be starting assembly in the US and is soon entering into the powersports segment .
Overall this is a great feeling offroad bike that is fully street-legal and comes with all the requirements to be fully compliant as a road-legal moped. I had a ton of fun exploring
With the XQi3, the premium build quality, long range, and flexibility make it a blast to go out even if it’s the middle of winter.
To check out NIU on socials you can find them @niumobility and for more of their lineup you can check out their website here.
NIU XQi3 gallery
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British telecom provider BT Group has committed to adding 3,500 new EVs to its commercial truck and van fleet over the next two years, bringing its total EV count to 8,000 units and giving it the largest electric vehicle fleet in the UK.
With more than 27,000 in its total fleet, BT Group is one of the largest operators of commercial vehicles of any kind – ICE or electric – in the UK. Now, the company says it has plans to become a fully net zero business by 2031, and looks to electrify all (or nearly all) of its vehicles over the next five years.
Company executives believe the addition of the new EVs (which will see a mix of vehicles deployed from Ford, Stellantis, Toyota, and Renault) will give it “the edge” as it aims to upgrade UK residents to full fiber internet.
“By integrating yet more electric vehicles into our operations, we are taking another significant step towards reducing our carbon footprint and supporting the UK’s transition to a greener future,” said Simon Lowth, Chief Financial Officer, BT Group. “As we extend our full fiber build from 16 million homes and businesses today to 25 million by the end of 2026, having the most efficient, sustainable electric vehicles will give our engineers the edge as they connect customers at pace to our next generation networks.”
In addition to pushing for its own carbon neutrality, BT Group is fighting the good fight – and is among a small number of large fleet operators in the UK actively supporting the nation’s proposed 2030 ban on ICE vehicles.
As such, political supporters of the ban have been quick to sing BT Group’s praises. “We want to help more businesses decarbonize their operations,” explains Lilian Greenwood, Future of Roads Minister. “(We’ve) extended our plug-in van grant with £120m funding to help roll out more zero emission vans on our roads – part of our £2.3bn to support industry and consumers switch to EVs and make the transition a success.”
Electrek’s Take
Despite all the doom, gloom, and wishful thinking from the anti-EV crowd, the numbers paint a narrative of swift expansion in the commercial EV and ZEV (Zero-Emission Vehicle) markets driven by strong incentives, up-front cost parity with ICE, and proven reductions in vehicle downtime and maintenance costs.
Expect continued growth in the commercial EV space in the months and years ahead, with virtually no going back.
SOURCE | IMAGES: BT Group, via Electrive.
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In a move that’s expected to play a crucial role in supporting the transition to medium- and heavy-duty electric vehicles, $100 million of the Biden Administration’s last-minute $635M payout is headed to Illinois to help build out an electric truck charging corridor.
While Tesla failed to secure funding for its heavy-duty electric truck chargers at the Federal level, Tesla was one of four companies – the others being Prologis, Gage Zero, and Pilot Flying J – that will be splitting the $100 million awarded by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency’s CFI program.
Tesla is understood to have requested fully 40% of the $100MM award, with Prologis requesting $60 million, Gage Zero requesting $16 million, and Pilot requesting $10 million.
The project will facilitate the construction of 345 electric truck charging ports and pull-through truck charging stalls across 14 sites throughout Illinois, with each of the awarded companies putting up some of its own money to support the infrastructure buildout as well. To that end, Prologis is expected to invest $18 million, Tesla $19 million, Gage Zero $4 million, and Pilot travel stations committing $2.5 million.
“Most of the development has happened on the coasts, and there’s nothing really happening in the Midwest, which is not great for long-haul trucking,” said Megha Lakhchaura, Illinois’ state EV officer. “We think that this hub could be of national importance.”
Lakhchaura isn’t wrong. More than 30,000 commercial trucks travel the state’s I-80 and I-90 corridor each day – and electrifying those trucks would make a huge impact in the public health and quality of life along the heavily populated roadways.
The Illinois EPA’s $100 million awards join Illinois utility ComEd’s $90 million push to build out a commercial EV charging infrastructure and encourage commercial EV adoption along the I-80/90 corridors, as well as the state’s own EV rebates for both private and company-owned battery electric vehicles.
SOURCES: TechCrunch, via Yahoo! Finance; MSN.
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