The Irish government is to bring a legal case against the UK under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).
The inter-state case is over the UK‘s decision to bring in the Northern Ireland Troubles Legacy Act, deputy prime minister Micheal Martin has confirmed.
The act became UK law in September 2023. It looks to end legal proceedings relating to the Troubles by granting immunity to people who cooperate with the new Independent Commission for Reconciliation and Information Recovery (ICRIR).
On the UK side, the move was welcomed by soldiers and their families, following various historical prosecutions.
But there were warnings it would breach human rights law, as granting amnesties has previously been found by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) to be incompatible with a country’s obligation to have a way for unnatural deaths and allegations of torture to be investigated.
Complying with the ECHR is part of the Good Friday Agreement.
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Victims refuse to choose between truth and justice in Northern Ireland
The Northern Ireland Legacy Bill was opposed by every victim’s group and political party.
It was 1971 when the Irish government last took a case against the UK government to the European Court of Human Rights.
The highly controversial legislation was opposed by every victim’s group and political party in Northern Ireland.
By granting a conditional amnesty to those accused of historical offences, it contravenes the European Convention on Human Rights.
The convention, which obligates countries to pursue justice for unnatural deaths, is an element of the Good Friday Agreement.
To put it simply, the act is not deemed compatible with either the convention or the Good Friday Agreement.
The UK government was under pressure to end any prosecution of military veterans who had served in Northern Ireland.
But the act also grants immunity from prosecution to the very terrorists who once murdered soldiers in Northern Ireland.
The amnesty is subject to participation with a truth recovery body, but victims refuse to choose between truth and justice.
‘People in Northern Ireland oppose UK law’
Mr Martin said the Irish government’s decision was made “after much thought and careful consideration”.
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He added: “I have consistently adopted a victims-centred approach to this issue. We are not alone in our concerns.
“Serious reservations about this legislation have also been raised by a number of international observers, including the Council of Europe’s Commissioner for Human Rights and the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.
“Most importantly, this legislation is opposed by people in Northern Ireland, especially the victims and families who will be most directly impacted by this act.
“In particular, we have concerns around provisions which allow for the granting of immunity, and which shut down existing avenues to truth and justice for historic cases, including inquests, police investigations, Police Ombudsman investigations, and civil actions.
“Even in cases in which immunity is not granted, ‘reviews’ by the proposed body, the Independent Commission for Reconciliation and Information Recovery, are not an adequate substitute for police investigations, carried out independently, adequately, and with sufficient participation of next of kin.”
Prime Minister Leo Varadkar said the attorney general’s advice on the matter is “very strong” – and that the UK is “in breach of the UN Convention on Human Rights”.
When the act was passing through parliament, the UK’s Northern Ireland Office said it believed the law was in compliance with the ECHR.
This was due to the immunity being matched with the investigatory power of the ICRIR.
Image: Taoiseach Leo Varadkar
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The UK government stated at the time that “there is some support for the concept of amnesties in ECtHR jurisprudence, which recognises that the use of an amnesty can further the objective of reconciliation”.
According to the House of Commons Library, the act “would create a conditional immunity scheme, providing immunity from prosecution for Troubles-related offences for individuals that cooperate by providing information to the ICRIR”.
“Future prosecutions would only be possible where immunity was not granted, following a referral from the ICRIR.
“However, it will not be possible to grant immunity to an individual who has already been convicted, or if a prosecution has already begun against them.”
It would also:
• Prevent non-ICRIR investigations into events from the Troubles;
• Prevent Troubles-era prosecutions not involving death or serious injury;
• Stop civil claims related to Troubles-era conduct;
• Stop non-advanced inquests continuing and any new inquests starting;
• Start a programme of memorialisation of the Troubles.
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Colum Eastwood, the leader of the nationalist SDLP, welcomed the move from the Irish government, saying: “No political party or institution on this island supports the British government’s approach to addressing the legacy of the past.”
More than 3,500 people were killed during the Troubles, including over 1,000 members of the security forces.
The father of the Manchester synagogue attacker has called for unity, as the community marked one week on from the assault which claimed the lives of two men.
People gathered outside the Heaton Park Hebrew Congregation in Crumpsall at 9.30am, the time of the attack last Thursday, to pray and mourn the victims.
Image: Pic: PA
Image: Pic: PA
Jihad al Shamie was shot dead by police after launching his car and knife attack as worshippers gathered on Yom Kippur, the holiest day in the Jewish calendar.
In a statement posted on Facebook, al Shamie’s father Faraj wrote: “The recent tragic act of terror has brought deep pain – to our family and to the families of the victims. Our hearts and prayers are with them.
“No one should ever experience such suffering again. We must all stand together – united, vigilant and compassionate – to prevent such acts and protect the peace of our communities.”
Adrian Daulby, 53, is believed to have been shot dead by police while attempting to prevent al Shamie from entering the synagogue.
Mervyn Cravitz, 66, also died while trying to keep the attacker from entering the building. Three other people remain in hospital.
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Manchester synagogue terrorist: what we know now
Rabbi Daniel Walker told the congregation that “evil will not prevail” and called for “deep resolve” from the community.
There was applause from the crowd for Greater Manchester Police, with a large presence of officers at the event, for their response on the day of the attack.
Raphi Bloom, a board member of the Jewish Representative Council, said there was a feeling of anger in the community as “we were screaming this would happen and no one listened”.
He told Sky News: “Our feelings are still of mourning, of fear and of isolation. We feel very alone. We’re very, very angry that this was allowed to happen and fearful that it will happen again.
The Princess of Wales has said smartphones and computer screens create “an epidemic of disconnection” within families.
Kate’s words – in an essay co-written with a Harvard professor – come ahead of a visit to Oxford to highlight her work on early years education and support.
In the piece, she says that “while new technology has many benefits, we must also acknowledge that it plays a complex and often troubling role in this epidemic of disconnection”.
“While digital devices promise to keep us connected, they frequently do the opposite,” writes the princess.
“Our smartphones, tablets, and computers have become sources of constant distraction, fragmenting our focus and preventing us from giving others the undivided attention that relationships require.”
Emphasising how she believes technology can interfere in family life, she adds: “We sit together in the same room while our minds are scattered across dozens of apps, notifications, and feeds.
“We’re physically present but mentally absent, unable to fully engage with the people right in front of us.
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“This technological interference strikes at something fundamental: our undivided attention is the most precious gift we can give another person. Yet, increasingly, it’s the most difficult gift to offer.”
The Prince and Princess of Wales have previously spoken about the potentially harmful effects of social media.
Image: Kate says technology is increasingly interfering in family life
In a recent interview, Prince William revealed that their three children, George, Charlotte and Louis, currently don’t have mobile phones, and that they try to have dinner together.
Kate’s essay, titled The Power of Human Connection in a Distracted World, was released by her Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood and written in collaboration with Professor Robert Waldinger.
Kate first met the Harvard academic in 2022 and he’s worked closely with the Royal Foundation ever since.
“We live increasingly lonelier lives, which research shows is toxic to human health, and it’s our young people (aged 16 to 24) that report being the loneliest of all, the very generation that should be forming the relationships that will sustain them throughout life,” write the princess and the professor.
Later today, the princess will visit Home‑Start Oxford to meet volunteers and families, and talk about how they are using resources and films produced by the Centre for Early Childhood to help parents and children.
A murderer who threw “prison napalm” over a man before stabbing him in the heart has been jailed for at least 20 years.
Gavin Gallagher, 33, claimed he was acting in self-defence when he launched the boiling water and sugar mix over Stephen Gray, 23, before knifing him.
However, he was convicted of murder and accused of staging the crime scene in an attempt to cover his tracks.
In his sentencing statement, Judge Lord Mulholland told Gallagher: “I was not surprised that the jury rejected self-defence and provocation.
“It seemed to me that your defence of self-defence was staged, and your lies unravelled.”
Image: Stephen Gray. Pic: Police Scotland
The fatal attack occurred at a block of flats in Glasgow’s Southcroft Street on 3 November 2023.
Lord Mulholland said Mr Gray was bare chested when Gallagher threw the boiling water and sugar mix over him.
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The concoction is often referred to as “prison napalm” due to being used by inmates during assaults.
The judge said the vast majority of burns were to Mr Gray’s back.
Lord Mulholland said: “He was bare chested, and the burns caused by what you did must have been very painful. You can see that from the photographs of his injuries.”
Gallagher then stabbed Mr Gray twice with a large kitchen knife.
The judge said: “One of these blows penetrated his heart and caused massive bleeding which led to his death. This injury was unsurvivable.
“You then did what you could to set up a defence of self-defence in an attempt to cover your tracks.
“You placed a knife alongside his dying body and said to a neighbour that it was the deceased’s knife.
“You told anyone who would listen that you killed him in self-defence.”
Gallagher was convicted of murder at the High Court in Glasgow last month.
He returned to the dock for sentencing on Wednesday, when he was handed a life sentence with at least 20 years in jail.
Detective Superintendent Hannah Edward said: “Our thoughts remain with the family and friends of Stephen and while we know nothing can change what has happened, I hope this brings them some degree of closure as they try to move forward.
“This was a shocking attack and Gallagher will now face the consequences of his despicable actions.”