The number of young people taking ketamine has tripled in recent years – a surge which experts blame partly on its affordability and widespread availability during the cost of living crisis.
Now, the mother of an 18-year-old student who died on her first night at university after taking the drug has called for the police and government to take ketamine more seriously – and introduce longer sentences for those dealing in it.
Figures exclusively obtained by Sky News show there’s been an 89% increase in investigations for ketamine possession since 2018 – but only 31 dealers were charged last year.
Policing minister Chris Philp says the government is constantly monitoring the evidence and could order a review into upgrading ketamine to Class A if a systemic problem has developed.
Jeni Larmour arrived at Newcastle University on 2 October 2020 to begin her degree in architecture and urban planning.
Deputy head girl of her school, she flew in for the start of freshers’ week with her mother Sandra from their home in the County Armagh countryside in Northern Ireland.
“Jeni was just a bright spark in life,” Sandra said. “She was always busy, she had a real infectious laugh and always had friends round.
“She was very studious, very arty. She was very involved in everything at school, the army cadets, lots of charity work, the choir.”
Sandra dropped Jeni off at her new accommodation and left her preparing to go out for drinks with the other students.
Image: Jeni Larmour with her mother Sandra and her brother
Image: Sandra Larmour speaking to Sky News’ Amanda Akass
But what started as a typical freshers night out turned to tragedy after she returned early and took ketamine with one of her new flatmates, Kavir Kalliecharan.
Jeni passed out face down on his bedroom floor, and never woke up. Kalliecharan later pleaded guilty to possessing ketamine, MDMA and cannabis, and was handed a two-year conditional discharge.
‘Horrendous moment’
Sandra was waiting to take Jeni for a shopping trip the next morning when the police arrived at her hotel room.
“My heart started pounding out of my chest,” she said.
“It was actually painful. I just knew by the look on their faces what they were going to tell me and I said ‘don’t tell me, don’t say it’.
“But they came into the room and obviously had to tell me that Jeni had passed away. It was just the most horrendous moment for any parent to go through.
“They told me there was a suspicion that there was ketamine involved – ketamine and alcohol mixed – and I was just thinking, ‘What on earth is ketamine?’ I had to go and google it.
“Obviously now I’ve read up a lot more. But at the time it felt the drug culture was just so far away from here. I think that’s because we are so rural.
“There’s a certain amount of naivety in Northern Ireland, particularly among parents, certainly among young people, and that needs to change. I just don’t want another family to go through this.”
Sandra now visits schools and universities warning young people about the risks of ketamine – but she wants government action too.
“It should be on everyone’s agenda,” she said.
“The political leaders of the country need to take it seriously.
“And the only way that I believe that it can be taken seriously is if the sentences are increased… people seem to be getting away with being able to do these things, they’re making money out of it.”
How many people take ketamine?
Home Office figures from the National Crime Survey in December show ketamine is the country’s fourth most popular illegal drug – taken by 303,000 people in the year ending March 2023.
The majority of ketamine users – 225,000 – were aged between 16 to 24. That’s 3.8% of the population at that age – triple the rate five years ago.
Freedom of Information data exclusively obtained by Sky News from 36 police forces in England and Wales shows the number of people investigated for ketamine possession has increased by 89% over that same period – with 644 cases last year, compared with 341 in 2018-19.
Some 10% of those were under the age of 18, including some children younger than 12.
Ketamine is a class B drug and the majority of cases end with a community resolution, diversionary action or caution.
Last year, 118 people were charged or summoned to court for possessing ketamine, and only 31 for ketamine dealing offences.
Image: Matthew Perry died after taking ketamine. Pic: AP
The drug is an anaesthetic, often used by vets as a horse tranquiliser. Many users see it as a harmless way of enhancing a night out clubbing – or escaping reality for a time – but experts warn it can be extremely damaging.
“For long term users, it can cause memory problems, difficulty with concentration, but also in your body – it has a terrible impact on your bladder,” said Dr David McLaughlan, a consultant psychiatrist and addiction specialist at the Priory Roehampton.
“So you get something called ketamine cystitis, which means you suffer pain and pass blood when you urinate. Ultimately you might need to have your bladder replaced and have to have an external bag instead. It’s devastating.
“One of the main dangers of ketamine is when you mix it with other substances, like combining it with alcohol.
“The other issue is that you can’t trust what drug dealers are giving you – often it can be mixed with fentanyl which is a very powerful opioid, and too much of that can kill you too.”
The Priory Group of psychiatric hospitals has seen a 34% increase in inquiries for ketamine addiction treatment over the past year, and nationally over the past eight years there’s been a 350% increase.
Image: Dr David McLaughlan said ketamine has a ‘terrible impact’ on a user’s bladder
‘Fashionable’ and ‘affordable’ drug
Dr McLaughlan says the cost of living crisis has increased its appeal to young people.
“On average, a hit of ketamine will cost you £3, which makes it really accessible, really affordable,” he said. “It’s also become fashionable.
“At the moment, we’re seeing fewer young people drinking alcohol, but instead they’re using more of these novel drugs like ketamine.”
Former children’s minister Tim Loughton MP is a Conservative member of the Home Affairs Select Committee. He’s calling for the issue to become a much higher priority.
“This is very worrying – it’s one of those drugs increasing under the radar,” he said.
“It’s increasingly widespread, cheap to get hold of and seems particularly accessible to young people. It can have some very serious side effects with the potential for fatalities too.
“This needs to be taken much more seriously by the police, the government and the health authorities.
“Clearly the first thing that needs to happen is much better enforcement given the alarming increase in usage among young people.
“We need to see more and higher profile prosecutions of those supplying ketamine and regular users as well. So enforcement is key – but so is education.
“We haven’t properly publicised the serious harms and damage ketamine can do, there needs to be an education programme about it.”
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0:59
Sky’s Molli Mitchell explains what effects ketamine can have
Will ketamine be made a class A drug?
The Home Office says possession of class B drugs can be penalised by up to five years in prison, an unlimited fine, or both. For suppliers, the sentences are up to 14 years.
There are currently no plans to upgrade ketamine to class A, which would lead to tougher sentences and involve commissioning a review by the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD).
Mr Philp has suggested that could potentially change in future.
“We do always study the facts and the figures and the data very, very carefully,” he said.
“If we see evidence that ketamine fatalities are increasing, if we think there is a systemic problem developing, then that is something we keep under continual review.
“We are always vigilant towards drug use and drug types where the patterns are changing and where further thought may be required.
“So we are constantly monitoring the situation. If we think the threshold has been met for an ACMD review, we will obviously do that.”
Jeni would now be 21 if she’d lived. For Sandra, the festive period is a horrendous time of year.
“Christmas is very, very difficult,” she said. “I tend not to go out much to be honest, because you have so many people bustling through the shops, and for me Christmas has become very quiet now. The house is just completely different without her.
“Though New Year’s Day is actually probably more difficult, because it means I’m going into another year without her. I feel guilty that I’m living and she’s not.”
“It makes me sad. We left when our country had the troubles so we should have in this world… the humanity”.
We’re sitting in a cafe in Tamworth and Noor, 19, is explaining how it feels to know there are people in the town who don’t want him here.
Noor is from Afghanistan and came to the UK on a small boat.
The cafe is close to the asylum hotel where he’s staying.
Image: The group met in a cafe in Tamworth
He’s agreed to come along with four other men from the hotel to speak to locals about the concern in the town over the Staffordshire hotel being used to house asylum seekers.
There was a peaceful demonstration outside the hotel last month. But last year, a protest here turned ugly. Windows were smashed, petrol bombs thrown, and part of the hotel was set alight.
Among the locals in the cafe is Tom, 25, who reveals he was at both protests.
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Image: Tom (left) has attended anti-migration protests in Tamworth
He says he was persuaded to go by friends and explains to the group why they decided to go.
“They were annoyed, angry, fuming that the government had let them [asylum seekers] live in a hotel,” he says.
Noor, who speaks the best English of the asylum seekers in the group, replies: “What did we do wrong?”
Image: Noor says he is upset by people who do not want him in the UK
“Your government accepts us as asylum seekers,” he continues.
Tom thinks. “I’m more annoyed with the government than you guys,” he tells them.
‘A place to get the golden ticket’
Noor explains to the group how he ended up in the UK. He left Afghanistan four years ago with his family but they were separated on the journey. He doesn’t know where they are.
Heather, a 29-year-old local accountant, speaks up.
Image: Heather says protests outside hotels makes asylum seekers fearful
“When people protest, I’m like, why don’t you protest near the government?” she asks. “Why don’t you take your issue to them rather than being outside the hotel?”
“Those asylum seekers aren’t going to change the policy at all,” she adds. “It’s just going to make them fearful.”
Each of the locals in the cafe has their own take on why some don’t like the asylum seekers living in their town.
“I think they feel like they’re living better than the British people, some of them, and it’s almost like they feel offended,” says Andrew, 47.
“Some people in the UK see how the asylum seekers are coming over to Britain because they see it as a place to get the golden ticket,” he adds.
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10:54
UK’s unprecedented immigration figures
Heather agrees. She says the NHS is a draw and the UK also has “different border control regulations that might be seen as weaker than in some other countries”.
“You get to stay in a hotel,” she tells the asylum seekers. “You get the free health care. And so I think that’s why they’re a little bit annoyed.”
Noor replies: “One thing I should tell you is that when we cross the English Channel, it means we don’t care about our life. It’s very dangerous.”
Image: Noor and four other asylum seekers joined the meeting
Links to the UK
I’m keen to know why they chose to come to Britain. Noor tells the group it’s because he has a relative here and speaks the language.
Azim, 22, who is also from Afghanistan, says he came here because people in the UK “have respect to Islam”.
He also has a family member here.
Image: Azim says people in the UK are respectful of Islam
I ask them if they could have claimed asylum in France, but Noor says his “only hope was England”.
He says it’s “better for education” here. All the men agree it’s seen as the better place to come.
The conversation moves to the protests this summer which began in Epping, Essex, after an asylum seeker there was charged with sexually assaulting a schoolgirl – an offence he has now been convicted of.
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56:38
In full: The Immigration Debate
Noor believes British people have a right to be angry about that. He tells the group he believes that asylum seekers who commit crimes “should get back to their country”.
“We also [do] not support them,” he says.
Over the course of the meeting, the mood becomes more relaxed. People with different views find some common ground.
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3:30
Immigration Debate audience have their say
Noor tells the group that if things improve in Afghanistan he would like to go back there one day.
If not, he hopes he’ll stay in the UK and earn enough to repay in taxes the bill for the hotel he’s staying in now.
It has been a frank exchange. Some in this town will never want asylum seekers here and people like Noor and Azim know it.
But they were placed here by the Home Office and can only wait until their asylum claims are processed.
“Mum is teaching yoga and English to her cellmates in Iranian prison.”
It’s now over eight months since British couple Lindsay and Craig Foreman were detained in Iran.
Last week, during a long-awaited visit from British ambassador Hugo Shorter, it was confirmed that the pair continue to endure tough conditions with no indication of how – or when – the legal process will proceed.
“They’re both coping, making the best of a bad situation. They’re in conditions you can’t even imagine.”
Image: Lindsay Foreman with son Joe Bennett. Pic: Family handout
Speaking to Sky News, their son Joe Bennett explained how the couple have been crammed into cells with more than 50 other prisoners, while suffering constant back pain caused by metal bunk beds.
“The beds are stacked three high. It’s unsanitary. It’s hot. There are often power outages and they’re in 50-degree heat.”
Image: Craig and Lindsay Foreman. Pic: Family handout
Lindsay and Craig, both 52, were arrested in early January in Iran, as they crossed the country on motorbikes as part of an around-the-world adventure. The couple had left Spain just a few weeks earlier and were aiming to drive all the way to Australia.
They were charged with espionage and have been transferred to various prisons around Iran, with little information provided to British diplomatic staff about their whereabouts.
Joe and the rest of the family have only managed to speak to their parents once on the phone. “In a brief conversation that I had with my mum, we managed to share a laugh and a lot of tears as well. But it’s a test of time, how long they can keep this up for.”
Image: Pic: Family handout
The UK ambassador’s meeting with Craig was the first in over four months, and despite suffering from untreated dental pain, he quipped about becoming a “reluctant Arsenal supporter” while watching football on television with other prisoners.
The couple were previously held together in a facility in the Iranian city of Kerman but have been moved to separate prisons in the capital, Tehran. Family members are calling on the Iranians to move Lindsay into the same facility where Craig is being detained.
Image: Pic: Family handout
Their son acknowledged in his interview with Sky News that he was frustrated with his parents when they were arrested in January. Family members had urged them not to travel through the country.
“I had that natural reaction that some of the public do – why did they go? It’s idiotic, you’re going against the advice, and it serves them right. That’s fair enough when you don’t know them [but] just picture your parents having a bit of a sense of adventure… it’s a different story.”
The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office says it is “deeply concerned” about the couple, adding, “we continue to raise this case directly with the Iranian authorities”.
Members of the Foreman family are urging the British government and the new foreign secretary, Yvette Cooper, to take direct action to improve harsh prison conditions and urgently organise for Lindsay and Craig’s release.
“I need them home, you know, and I need them home as soon as possible. We need them, the family miss them dearly – so we’re going to do everything we can to make that possible.”
The security services expressed concern about the appointment of Lord Mandelson as ambassador to Washington, but No 10 went ahead anyway, Sky News understands.
Downing Street today defended the extensive vetting process which senior civil servants go through in order to get jobs, raising questions about whether or not they missed something or No 10 ignored their advice.
Sky News has been told by two sources that the security services did flag concerns as part of the process.
No 10 did not judge these concerns as enough to stop the ambassadorial appointment.
It is not known whether all of the detail was shared with Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer personally.
Sky News has been told some members of the security services are unhappy with what has taken place in Downing Street.
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Lord Mandelson is close to Sir Keir’s chief of staff, Morgan McSweeney, who is known to have been keen on the appointment – and the pair spoke regularly.
No 10 says the security vetting process is all done at a departmental level with no No 10 involvement.
Shadow foreign secretary Priti Patel described the revelations as “extraordinary”.
“For Keir Starmer, and his Chief of Staff Morgan McSweeney, to have appointed Lord Mandelson despite concerns being raised by the security services shows a blatant disregard of all national security considerations and their determination to promote their Labour Party friends,” she said in a statement.
“Starmer leads a crisis riddled government consumed by a chaos of his own making, because he puts his Party before the needs of our country.
“The country deserves the honest truth this spineless prime minister refuses to give them.”
Image: Priti Patel described the revelations as ‘extraordinary’.
The prime minister, who selected Lord Mandelson for the role, made the decision after new emails revealed the Labour peer sent messages of support to Epstein even as he faced jail for sex offences in 2008.
In one particular message, Lord Mandelson had suggested that Epstein’s first conviction was wrongful and should be challenged.
The Foreign Office said the emails showed “the depth and extent of Peter Mandelson’s relationship with Jeffrey Epstein is materially different from that known at the time of his appointment”.
The decision to sack the diplomat was made by the prime minister and Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper on Thursday morning, Sky News understands.
This was after Sir Keir had reviewed all the new available information last night.
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2:59
Harriet Harman, Ruth Davidson, and Beth Rigby react to the news of Lord Mandelson’s sacking.
It comes after a string of allegations around the diplomat’s relationship with Epstein, which emerged in the media this week, including a 2003 birthday message in which he called the sex offender his “best pal”.
Further allegations were then published in The Telegraph on Wednesday morning, suggesting that Lord Mandelson had emailed Epstein to set up business meetings following the latter’s conviction for child sex offences in 2008.
Additional emails were then published detailing how the diplomat wrote to Epstein the day before he went to prison in June 2008 to serve time for soliciting sex from a minor. Lord Mandelson said: “I think the world of you.”