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More than half of child sexual abuse offences recorded in 2022 were committed by other children, new figures reveal.

Police say the rise of child-on-child abuse is fuelled by access to violent pornography and smart phones.

Data from 42 police forces in England and Wales shows that a total of 106,984 child sexual abuse offences were reported in 2022, up 7.6% on the previous year and more than five times the just over 20,000 recorded in 2013.

The landmark report found 52% involved a child aged 10 to 17 as a suspect or perpetrator, up from a third in 2013.

Researchers said a four-year-old child, who uploaded an indecent image of a sibling to the internet using a smart phone, was the youngest reported to police.

Ian Critchley, the national policing lead for child abuse protection and investigation, said officers don’t want to “criminalise a generation of young people” for taking and sharing images within consensual relationships or “sexting”.

But the data shows a rise in both direct physical abuse and crimes involving indecent images.

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The most common offences committed by 10 to 17-year-olds were sexual assault on a female (15%), rape of a female under 16 (12%), and taking, making or sharing indecent images.

Mr Critchley said the predominantly “gender-based crime of boys committing offences against girls” has been “exacerbated” by the accessibility to “violent pornography” and smartphones.

“The availability and accessibility of that violent pornography has just become normalised,” he said.

“What we see is gender-based crime in relation to boys, how they are abusing and harassing and, in some cases, committing sexual assault and rape against their peers.

“The implications for victims are lifelong as they are for the child sex offender within the criminal justice system, potentially facing custodial sentences and also being on the sex offenders’ register.”

But Mr Critchley was keen to stress that the “greatest risk to children comes from adults”.

The National Crime Agency (NCA) estimates that around 830,000 adults in the UK pose a sexual threat to children.

The Independent Inquiry into child sexual abuse found that one in six girls and one in 20 boys will be abused in childhood, with many crimes thought to remain unreported.

Chloe urges victims to come forward
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Chloe urges victims to come forward

Chloe, 35, who was abused by the taxi driver who took her to and from her school in Surrey when she was aged between nine and 12, said she stayed quiet after he threatened her.

“I was incredibly vulnerable,” she told Sky News. “I didn’t tell anyone about it at the time. He gained my trust really and now I know what that was – that was grooming.”

‘Don’t be afraid’

But she is now urging victims to speak out after seeing her abuser go to prison following a call to the NSPCC helpline in 2017, when she was 29.

“Don’t be afraid. You will be believed. I know that you probably feel an enormous amount of guilt and I know that you will be scared but you don’t have to be,” she said.

The report found 73% of crimes were committed directly against children, with around a third of those involving abuse within families, while the remainder involved indecent images.

Researchers found some paedophiles are using artificial intelligence (AI) and “deep fake” technology to create indecent images of children, including using ‘nudification’ techniques on existing real pictures.

The report also highlighted the “worrying trend” of “sextortion”, where children are blackmailed with the threat of compromising images being sent to family or released on social media unless money is paid.

Mr Critchley said parents and carers need to have the “embarrassing” conversations with children before they are “violated” by sharing an image online.

‘Tidal wave’ of child sexual abuse imagery

He also called for tech companies who make “significant amounts of profits” to do more to keep children safe, criticising the use of end-to-end encryption, and stressed the importance of the Online Safety Act in holding firms to account.

“Quite frankly, I think that’s an appalling state of affairs where a company will not be able to see what’s taking place on their platforms, therefore will not be able to see what abuse is taking place, where grooming is taking place, where children are being exploited,” said Mr Critchley.

Wendy Hart, deputy director for child sexual abuse at the NCA, said: “We are now seeing hyper-realistic images and videos of abuse being created using artificial intelligence… while the rollout of end-to-end encryption by technology platforms makes it a lot more difficult for us to protect children.

“Alongside our policing partners and Ofcom, we are working closely with industry to ensure platforms have adequate safety measures designed in, and that our collective ability to tackle the threat keeps pace with technology.

“With over half of reported crimes involving child on child abuse, there has never been a greater need for education in this space.”

Susie Hargreaves, chief executive of the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) charity, said there is a “tidal wave of child sexual abuse imagery involving younger and younger children every year”.

“Even after an abuser has gone to jail, the imagery remains. It is shared and requested and harvested in the darkest corners of the internet.”

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Girl, 11, unlawfully killed after she drowned at waterpark, inquest rules

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Girl, 11, unlawfully killed after she drowned at waterpark, inquest rules

A coroner has concluded that an 11-year-old girl was unlawfully killed after she drowned at a waterpark in Berkshire in 2022.

Kyra Hill died after getting into difficulty in a designated swimming area at Liquid Leisure near Windsor while attending a birthday party on 6 August 2022.

Senior coroner Heidi Connor ruled there were gross breaches of health and safety measures at the park which contributed to her death.

The breaches related to the depth and visibility of the water and the absence of an emergency plan and risk assessment, she found.

An inquest at Berkshire Coroner’s Court heard how the schoolgirl was found more than an hour after emergency services were alerted and was taken to hospital, where she was pronounced dead.

Liquid Leisure near Windsor, Berkshire. File pic: PA
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Liquid Leisure. Pic: PA

The inquest heard there were no signs warning of deep water at the leisure park.

Despite various sharp drops of up to 4.5m (14.7ft) within the swimming zone, the only signs relating to depth said “danger shallow water”.

The lake where Kyra was seen going under was 2.68m (8.8ft) deep, a report carried out after the incident found.

Kyra had dreams of playing for Manchester United women's football team

A 17-year-old lifeguard managed to reach the point where Kyra disappeared but staff at the centre are only qualified to perform “surface-water rescues” – not underwater ones.

The inquest heard evidence of how there was a 10-minute gap between the first and second searches for the youngster in that part of the lake.

Although a manager attended rapidly, 37 minutes passed between Kyra struggling and 999 being called.

Kyra Hill

The frantic search was likened to a “nightmare” by a mother attending the birthday party, while a police officer described it as a “chaotic scene” due to “conflicting” information being fed to the emergency crews.

The diver who eventually found Kyra told the inquest the lake had “almost zero visibility”.

Ms Connor noted parents and carers were not advised to attend with children in a ratio of one to four, and young children were permitted to swim without buoyancy aids.

There was also no emergency plan or risk assessment that took those factors into account, and no control measures were identified and put in place to “take account of these clear risks”, she said.

A post-mortem examination confirmed Kyra’s cause of death as “drowning”.

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Giving her conclusions, Ms Connor said: “Members of the family, at no point have I forgotten that this was about your 11-year-old, Kyra, and I am so very sorry that you are here today.

“It must have been incredibly difficult to sit in court and hear some of the evidence that we’ve heard. I offer all of you my heartfelt condolences.”

At the time of the incident, her father told Sky News she was “left to drown” and accused the operator of “neglect”.

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August 2022: ‘This has ripped my family to pieces’

Speaking outside court on Tuesday, Leonard Hill said: “Summer should be a time of joy in creating happy memories with family and friends.

“It should never end in tragedy. It should never mark the day we mourn our children’s lives, lost in places where they should have been safe.

“The terrible reality is that without urgent reform, more families will face these devastating goodbyes.”

Mr Hill described Kyra’s life as a “shining example of resilience and strength”.

The youngster was a Manchester United fan and dreamed of becoming a professional footballer, with a back-up plan to pursue law.

Mr Hill added: “Her memory demands that we demand safer standards now. No parent should endure this pain and no child’s life should be sacrificed so recklessly.

“We must act today for Kyra and for every family that visits these leisure parks tomorrow.

“The time for words has passed. Now is the moment for action.”

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Migrant jailed after helping smuggle more than 3,000 others into Europe

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Migrant jailed after helping smuggle more than 3,000 others into Europe

An illegal immigrant who was involved in smuggling more than 3,000 others into Europe has been sentenced to 25 years in jail.

Egyptian national Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid, who arrived in the UK in a small boat in October 2022, worked with people smuggling networks in North Africa to bring hundreds of migrants at a time from Libya to Italy.

The National Crime Agency (NCA) believes the 42-year-old’s case is the first time someone has been convicted for organising migrant crossings of the Mediterranean from the UK.

Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid being arrested. Pic: NCA
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Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid being arrested by plain clothes officers. Pic: NCA

Ebid had a “significant managerial role within an organised crime group” and his “primary motivation was to make money out of human trafficking”, Judge Adam Hiddleston said.

He told Ebid the “conspiracy that you were a part of generated millions of pounds” and he must have been a “beneficiary” of “a significant amount”.

He said the “truly staggering” amount of money came from the “hard-earned savings of desperate individuals”, who were “ruthlessly and cynically exploited” by Ebid and the crime group.

Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid. Pic: NCA
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Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid. Pic: NCA

Details of the case emerged during a rare Newton hearing – a trial within a trial that takes place when the prosecution and defence disagree about facts of a case.

Ebid was living in Isleworth, west London, at the time of his arrest in June 2023.

He later admitted to being involved in enabling seven fishing boats to make the dangerous crossing to Europe, with a total of 3,781 migrants on board. He said he only played a minor role in the operation but a judge rejected this claim in March.

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Boat picture from the phone of people smuggler Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid Pic: NCA 
provided to TV who are covering this case
Boat picture from the phone of people smuggler Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid. Pic: NCA
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Pictures of small boats used for crossings were found on Ebid’s phone. Pics: NCA

Ebid, who had worked as a fisherman in the Mediterranean, helped two boats carrying hundreds of migrants cross the sea in a convoy just three weeks after he arrived in the UK.

Once the boats were in Italian waters, a satellite phone on board one vessel was used to call the Italian coastguard, who rescued everyone and brought them ashore.

A boat used by Egyptian national Ahmed Ramadan Mohamad Ebid for an illegal crossing on November 30, 2022.
Pic: PA/NCA
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A boat used by Ebid for an illegal crossing. Pic: PA/NCA

Ebid’s mobile phone had been in contact with the satellite phone 34 times over two days, the prosecution told the Newton hearing.

He used the same method to help five more boats make the crossing in the next six months, it added.

Each migrant was charged an average of around £3,200, bringing the criminals involved more than £12m, the NCA said.

Investigators found pictures of boats, conversations about the possible purchase of vessels, videos of migrants making the journey and screenshots of money transfers on a phone seized from him.

In a conversation with an associate which was recorded via a listening device planted by NCA officers, Ebid said migrants were not to carry phones with them on boats, adding: “Tell them guys anyone caught with a phone will be killed, threw in the sea.”

Ebid was sentenced to 25 years after pleading guilty to conspiracy to assist unlawful immigration.

Tim Burton, specialist prosecutor for the Crown Prosecution Service, said Ebid “played a leading role” in an operation “which breached immigration laws and endangered lives, for his own and others’ financial gain”.

Jacque Beer, of the NCA, said: “Ebid was part of a crime network who preyed upon the desperation of migrants to ship them across the Mediterranean in death trap boats.

“The cruel nature of his business was demonstrated by the callous way he spoke of throwing migrants into the sea if they didn’t follow his rules.”

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Second man charged and appears in court over fires at properties and car linked to Sir Keir Starmer

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Second man charged and appears in court over fires at properties and car linked to Sir Keir Starmer

A second man has appeared in court charged in connection with a series of fires linked to Sir Keir Starmer.

Romanian national Stanislav Carpiuc was remanded in custody after a hearing at Westminster Magistrates’ Court on Tuesday accused of arson with intent to endanger life.

He has been charged with conspiring with Roman Lavrynovych, 21, and others unknown to “damage by fire property belonging to another, intending to damage the property, and intending to endanger the life of another or being reckless as to whether the life of another would thereby be endangered”.

The 26-year-old, from Romford, east London, was arrested by counter-terrorism officers at Luton Airport on Saturday as he tried to travel to Romania, the court heard.

With the help of a Russian interpreter, Carpiuc, who was born in Ukraine, spoke only to confirm his identity in a short hearing.

The charge relates to three fires.

Two of the fires took place in Kentish Town, north London. One occurred during the early hours of 12 May at the home where Sir Keir lived before he became prime minister and moved into Downing Street.

More on Sir Keir Starmer

A car was set alight in the same street four days earlier on 8 May.

The other fire took place on 11 May at the front door of a house converted into flats in Islington.

A forensics officer is seen in Kentish Town, north London. Police are investigating a fire at Sir Keir Starmer's house in north London. Picture date: Monday May 12, 2025.
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A forensics officer outside the house in Kentish Town. Pic: PA

Keir Starmer's house in Kentish Town.
Pic: PA
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Pic: PA

Prosecutor Sarah Przybylska said: “At this stage, the alleged offending is unexplained.”

The court heard Carpiuc gave a no comment interview to police.

Defending, Jay Nutkins said his client has lived in the UK for nine years and is currently waiting for his degree results having studied business at Canterbury Christ Church University in Kent.

He denies being present at the scene of any of the fires, the court was told.

Carpiuc, who was supported by his father in court, was said to work in construction.

He will next appear at the Old Bailey on 6 June.

Lavrynovych, a Ukrainian national from Sydenham in southeast London, has already been charged with three counts of arson with intent to endanger life in connection with the fires.

He denied the charges in a police interview.

Lavrynovych appeared at Westminster Magistrates’ Court last Friday and was remanded in custody until a further hearing at the Old Bailey also scheduled for 6 June.

A third man, aged 34, was arrested in Chelsea in southwest London on Monday on suspicion of arson.

He remains in custody, the Metropolitan Police said.

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