However, the primary responsibility of any government is the protection of its people and its national interests, so military capability is a cornerstone of national capability.
But, military forces provide options and are a means to an end – not an end in itself – and when all other diplomatic and political options have been exhausted, the military create the security conditions in which political objectives can be realised.
However, without clear political direction, the carnage and devastation that military forces incur lacks purpose. The consequences, as are flowing from Israel’s continued ground assault of Gaza, are profound.
On that fateful day – 7 October 2023 – when Hamas forces killed over 1,200 Israelis and took 240 hostages, the US and UK resolutely supported Israel’s right to self-defence.
The resulting Israeli military response was immediate and intensive, starting with aerial bombardments followed by a continuing ground offensive.
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With Palestinian deaths now exceeding 24,000 and over 60,000 injuries, according to Gaza’s health ministry – two-thirds of those believed to be children – the Israel Defence Forces claims that its military response seeks to defeat Hamas and ensure the long-term security of Israel.
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4:12
US and UK strikes on Yemen explained
However, despite most of the international community believing that the only long-term solution for regional stability is a two-state solution, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has now made clear that “Israel must have security control over all the territory west of the Jordan”. In essence, a one-state solution with Israel in control.
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It remains unclear how such an arrangement would work in practice without subjugation of the Palestinian people. And that does not appear to be the foundations of a lasting peace.
Israel expects its military action to continue for months to come, but where is the political strategy to underpin it?
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0:34
Netanyahu on ‘any future arrangement’
Political ambiguity is not unique to Israel. The UK and US governments are also struggling to maintain a coherent response to the crisis in Gaza.
Hamas is no match militarily for the IDF, and, although the “Gaza Metro” – the labyrinth of Hamas tunnels underneath Gaza – will slow IDF progress, given time the IDF will prevail.
This is why the US vetoed the recent UN Security Council resolution calling for an immediate end to hostilities, ostensibly to allow time for Israel to achieve its objectives.
But in the same way the US and the UK support Israel, so Iran supports Hamas. By supporting the Houthi attacks on the Red Sea merchant shipping, Iran is increasing pressure on the US to stop the war in Gaza.
This is an inconvenient truth for the US and UK governments.
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2:12
Yemenis vow ‘earth-shattering’ retaliation
Indeed, the UK prime minister said the US/UK strikes on Houthi military capability were “completely unrelated” to the Israel-Gaza conflict, rather “a direct response to the Houthis’ attacks on international shipping” and that “we shouldn’t fall for their malign narrative”.
Yet hours later Lord Cameron met Iranian foreign minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian on Wednesday at the World Economic Forum where the Iranian position was made clear: stop the war in Gaza and the Houthi attacks will cease.
Directing UK military forces to attack Houthi targets is a serious escalation – the use of military force to achieve a political objective.
The stated UK political “end-state” is to ensure freedom of passage for maritime vessels in the Red Sea, but the only way to achieve that objective is to tackle the cause, not the symptom.
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Biden: Yemen airstrikes ‘not stopping Houthis’
Although some form of military action against the Houthis was probably inevitable, it was also unlikely to “solve the problem”.
Indeed, the continued Houthi assaults bear testament to the fact that military action is unlikely to stop the attacks.
It seems very unlikely that the West could countenance a one-state, Israel-led, solution to the Gaza war, yet by providing unequivocal political support to Israel, and its intended political ambitions, the West has found itself embroiled in military action and a widening regional conflict.
And one that, in the case of the Houthis, most military experts predict is unwinnable.
Where is the grand-strategic political leadership? A solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict will not be achievable by the main protagonists – the scars run too deep for compromise.
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2:23
Analysis of Houthi attack on US-owned ship
However, unless international political leadership engages to create the foundations for a lasting two-state solution, the West risks being an enabler for Israel to impose its own ambitions, which will almost certainly prove untenable in the long term.
Meanwhile, the West is now part of a wider regional confrontation without clear political objectives beyond deterring the Houthis, which appears at best a naive ambition.
Where is the international diplomacy and political gravitas for which the UK was once famous? The instrument of last resort has now been unleashed, but to what end?
A controversial Israeli minister has said Gaza could be a “real estate bonanza” – and that a business plan for redeveloping it had been sent to the US president.
Bezalel Smotrich, the country’s far-right finance chief, told a Tel Aviv conference he had “started negotiations” with the US on how to share the proceeds of any future deal.
The comments echo controversial remarks by Donald Trump in February, when he said America would take over Gaza and redevelop it into the “riviera of the Middle East” – with its population going to “various domains”.
He later shared a AI-generated video showing it as a Dubai-style city, featuring exotic beaches, skyscrapers, luxury yachts and people partying.
Mr Smotrich told the urban regeneration event “there’s a business plan set by the most professional people there is and is on President Trump’s table and how this thing turns into a real estate bonanza. I’m not kidding; it pays off”.
Mr Smotrich said Israel had “paid a lot of money for this war, so we need to divide how we make a percentage on the land marketing later in Gaza”.
He added: “We’ve done the demolition phase, which is always the first phase of urban renewal. Now we need to build; it’s much cheaper.”
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1:44
Tanks roll into Gaza as Israeli offensive begins
Any effort to forcibly displace Gaza’s population for a building project would almost certainly breach the Geneva Convention and cause international outrage – as Mr Trump found when he mooted his plan earlier this year.
Thousands are heading south with whatever they can in an effort to avoid being killed in the fighting.
The operation has prompted widespread condemnation, with UK Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper calling it “utterly reckless and appalling”.
Ms Cooper – who helped greet the pro-Israel President Trump when he landed in Britain on Tuesday – said it would “only bring more bloodshed, kill more innocent civilians & endanger the remaining hostages”.
With no sign of an imminent ceasefire in Gaza and the situation increasingly dire, Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer is expected to shortly announce Britain’s recognition of a Palestinian state.
It is believed he could make the declaration at the weekend to avoid causing division on the issue while President Trump is in the country.
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2:11
Sky News analysis shows major escalation in war
The two leaders are holding talks today at Chequers, with the prime minister under pressure to urge Mr Trump to use his influence over Israel to rein in its new offensive.
France, Canada and Australia are also set to recognise a Palestinian state at the UN General Assembly next month, while Ireland, Spain and Norway all took the step last year.
Israel says the recognition of a Palestinian state is unacceptable, rewards Hamas, and makes it harder to create the conditions needed to free the remaining hostages.
More than 65,000 people in Gaza have now been killed in the war, according to the Hamas-run health ministry. The figure does not specify the number of Hamas members killed.
At least 63 people were killed on Wednesday, with most of the casualties in Gaza City, local health authorities said.
The Hamas terror attack on Israel in October 2023 saw around 1,200 people killed and 251 people taken hostage. Forty-eight remain in Gaza, but fewer then half are thought to still be alive.
Sky News analysis shows thousands of families remain in crowded tent camps in Gaza City, with the UN estimating last week that a million people remain there.
Israel, however, believes 40% of the population has already fled south and on Wednesday opened a new evacuation route for 48 hours.
Ukraine’s defence of the crucial city of Pokrovsk, which has held out for more than a year despite fierce Russian assaults, could be coming to an end as invading forces squeeze the resistance out.
Elsewhere, Ukraine’s troops are facing attacks along the frontline, with Moscow reportedly using a pipeline to move personnel in the northeast near Kupyansk as it seeks to create even more pressure on Kyiv’s stretched resources.
Sky News has a look at what has been happening at some key parts of the frontline.
‘Kill zone’ as around Pokrovsk
Ukrainian forces have been engaged in a bitter struggle to hold the key logistics hub of Pokrovsk for more than a year, with Russian troops at times attempting to encircle the defenders there.
The situation there is worsening, says Dr Marina Miron, an expert at the defence studies department at King’s College London.
She cited reports that Russian forces are controlling all supply routes and have “created a kill zone” using drones, making it very difficult for Ukraine to resupply its troops there.
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Sky’s exclusive interview with Zelenskyy: What are the key takeaways?
A road and rail node, Pokrovsk had a pre-war population of around 60,000 people. It’s viewed by Russia as “the gateway to Donetsk”.
Capturing it would severely hamper Ukrainian supply lines and endanger crucial cities like Kramatorsk and Sloviansk.
“It will take time because what the Russians are trying to do essentially is to squeeze the Ukrainians out,” Dr Miron told Sky News.
“They don’t want to storm the city as it’s too difficult and too manpower intensive – assuming a lot of losses.” Instead, they are trying to surround it completely, she added.
This reflects a “changed approach”, Dr Miron says, with the Russian military appearing to favour slower encirclement operations rather than the high-casualty assault waves with which places like Bakhmut were captured.
Meanwhile, Russian forces have advanced near Kupyansk in northeast Ukraine, not far from the fortress city of Kharkiv, the Institute for the Study of War thinktank reported on Monday.
Like other targets along the Ukrainian frontline, Kupyansk is a key transport and logistics hub, being the location at which several major rail lines converge.
“It seems like they are pretty close,” Dr Miron said, discussing the positions of Russian forces around Kupyansk.
Image: The aftermath of a Russian drone attack in Kharkiv. Pic: Reuters
Earlier this week, Ukraine’s military said Russia had moved personnel to the area via a pipeline, but said the exit from the pipe is under control of Ukrainian defenders.
“A counter-sabotage operation is underway in the city, and search and strike operations are underway around the city,” the Kyiv’s General Staff said on Telegram on Saturday.
Image: A Ukrainian gunner on the Pokrovsk defensive line fires a self-propelled howitzer towards Russian forces. Pic: Reuters
Image: Ukrainian police try to persuade residents to evacuate Pokrovsk. Pic: Reuters
Kupyansk, which was recaptured by Ukrainian troops in their counteroffensive in autumn 2022, has been largely destroyed in the course of the war and continues to face attacks.
Dr Miron said it’s likely that the push towards Kupyansk is part of an effort by Moscow to retake some of those lost territories, or perhaps an effort to seize land that it can then use as a bargaining chip in any future negotiations.
The suspect in the Madeleine McCann case celebrated his release from prison with a fast-food breakfast of chicken nuggets and a burger.
Christian B, 49, was smuggled from a jail near Hanover, hidden in the back of his lawyer’s car and managed to avoid being filmed or pictured by scores of camera operators who had been waiting for several days.
But a photographer caught up with him as he stopped briefly at a McDonald’s restaurant.
Christian B, who cannot be fully identified under German privacy laws, stood outside and smoked a cigarette before eating his food.
Dressed in a lilac shirt, beige trousers and trainers, he ordered chicken nuggets with sweet-and-sour sauce, a burger and a hot drink.
He wore sunglasses, but they did little to disguise the distinctive features that have appeared on TV and on the front of newspapers around the world.
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After 15 minutes, he left the restaurant as police blocked the street to allow him to leave freely.
Image: Pic: Markus Hibbeler/Bild
Image: Pic: Markus Hibbeler/Bild
He was driven off again in the black Audi saloon in which his lawyer Friedrich Fulscher had collected him an hour earlier from Sehnde prison.
It’s not known where Christian B was headed after completing an unrelated sentence for the rape of an elderly woman, or who will help him adjust to his new life of freedom.
As part of his release conditions, he’s been fitted with an electronic ankle tag, has had to surrender his passport and register his permanent address with probation officers.
Another of his lawyers, Philipp Marquort, said: “This is an attempt by the public prosecutor’s office to keep him in a kind of pre-trial detention where they would have access to him at any time. We will not accept that.”
German prosecutor Hans Christian Wolters, who leads the Madeleineinvestigation, believes Christian B abducted and murdered the three-year-old during a family holiday in Portugal in 2007.
The suspect, who has convictions for child sex abuse, theft, drug trafficking and forgery, denies any involvement.
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Madeleine McCann suspect released from jail
Madeleine vanished from her bed in a rented apartment as her parents and their friends dined nearby at the hotel complex in Praia da Luz.
Mr Wolters told Sky News he had “almost” enough evidence to charge the suspect, but could not justify arresting him and stopping him from being freed.
He said: “He is dangerous, a psychopath, and we hope he does not commit more crimes, but it is likely he will.”
He said he hadn’t ruled out the chance of charging Christian B: “At the moment, we still have lines of investigation we are pursuing, and we hope we may gain more evidence or indications.
“If that happens, our situation would of course improve, and we would prefer to go to court with that stronger position.”
Image: Madeleine McCann has been missing since 2007. Pic: PA
Christian B, who flitted between Germany and Portugal, has served seven years for the rape of a 72-year-old American woman in Praia da Luz – two years before Madeleine vanished.
He is expected to appear in a German court next month to face a charge of using insulting behaviour towards a female prison warder. A conviction could put him back in jail.
He also faces a possible retrial after the prosecutor’s appeal against his acquittal last year on unrelated rape and child sex allegations.
Scotland Yard detectives, who failed to charge anyone in their own investigation, revealed this week they had asked Christian B to answer their questions, but he refused, as he has with their German and Portuguese colleagues.
His lawyers dismissed it as an illegal request because investigators had shared none of the prosecution files with him.
According to the prosecutor, the evidence against Christian B in the Madeleine case is circumstantial; his mobile phone was nearby her apartment at the time she vanished, he was a convicted child sex abuser, he had allegedly confessed to a friend, and he had re-registered his car the day after.
There is no forensic evidence to link the suspect to the abduction – and after 18 years, the chances of finding it must be remote.
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13:29
‘Different theory’ in McCann case
German criminal profiler Mark T Hofmann told Sky News: “I’m a big believer in second chances, but I’m not that much of a big believer in tenth chances.
“So if you commit a crime, and you do it again and again and again and again, then you need to ask yourself like, why should we believe that he will stop now?
“I wish, and I hope that also he realises that he can maybe now live a different life anonymously in some place, and hopefully stop committing crimes.”
Madeleine’s parents Kate and Gerry McCann, from Leicestershire, cling to the hope their daughter might still be found alive, in the absence of any evidence they are aware of to show she is dead.