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Hundreds of doctors are planning to sue the NHS over claims inadequate PPE on the frontline has left them with long COVID, disabled, and in financial ruin.

Dr Kelly Fearnley, 37, was working on a COVID ward at Bradford Royal Infirmary in November 2020 when she caught coronavirus.

More than three years later, the effects of long COVID mean she is still unable to work. After episodes of violent shakes, hallucinations, and a resting heart rate more than double the average, she was diagnosed with limbic encephalitis – inflammation of parts of the brain.

Dr Fearnley suffered swelling on her eyelid after contracting COVID
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Swelling on Dr Fearnley’s eyelid after contracting COVID. Pic: Kelly Fearnley

Meanwhile, Dr Nathalie MacDermott – an infectious diseases registrar who treated people with the Ebola virus – says COVID has left her with spinal damage after her concerns about a lack of PPE during the pandemic were ignored.

A British Medical Association study of 600 doctors with long COVID last year revealed that 60% had suffered persistent ill health since contracting COVID, and around half (48%) had lost earnings.

Dr Fearnley co-founded Long COVID Doctors for Action (LCD4A), which is today pledging legal action against the NHS for negligent workplace exposure to coronavirus, resulting in injury and financial loss.

The group, which is being represented by the legal firm Bond Turner, claims the NHS decided to downgrade guidance as the virus took hold in March 2020, only requiring staff to wear blue surgical face masks, plastic aprons, and gloves when dealing with suspected or confirmed COVID cases.

This is in line with World Health Organisation (WHO) guidance, which says there is only strong evidence for more restrictive masks such as FFP3s, FFP2s, and N95s, being worn for “aerosol-generating procedures” – not general care of COVID patients.

But both the US and European public health authorities advise at least FFP3 or N95 masks for any healthcare worker in a COVID environment, with scientists leaning on both sides.

Dr Simon Clarke, associate professor in cellular microbiology at Reading University, told Sky News there is a “greater than 50% chance” healthcare workers who were infected in early 2020 contracted the virus at work, as lockdown meant other contact was significantly reduced – but there are no guarantees.

He added: “Some masks seem to be more effective than others and can vary quite a lot.

“We have to remember that there was a shortage nationally of PPE. So the supplies of better, more effective masks might have been somewhat restricted.”

The public inquiry into the UK’s handling of the pandemic has heard PPE provision for healthcare workers was “hopelessly inadequate”. Government and public health officials have admitted “mistakes were made”.

Dr Fearnley suffered painful skin rashes after contracting COVID
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Dr Fearnley’s painful skin rashes after contracting COVID. Pic: Kelly Fearnley

Read more:
One in five doctors with long COVID forced to reduce hours
NHS face legal action over schoolgirl’s long COVID treatment
How long COVID ruined my life

Dr Fearnley, who is currently on 12 months’ unpaid leave, having not worked since the end of 2020, says she used higher-grade masks from when she started work as a junior doctor in the spring until she was deployed to a COVID ward in November.

She said: “I walked onto the COVID ward and there was just a small box with blue masks.

“I asked where the other masks were and was told ‘we’re using these now, don’t worry they’ll protect you’.

“The sudden downgrading of PPE was not based on the known science.

“I didn’t have time to think about it. But I spent 12 hours a day, for five consecutive days, surrounded by COVID-positive patients in the absence of adequate respiratory protection.”

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Dr Fearnley films her breathing and heart rate difficulties

‘My brain is still infected’

Dr Fearnley says she tested positive for COVID after one week on the ward. For four weeks she had flu-like symptoms and suffered breathlessness, as well as a swelling around her eye and a red rash across her body.

She tried to return to work after three weeks but only lasted two hours before dizziness and breathlessness forced her to go back home.

“It was like a switch flipped in my body,” she said.

Her long COVID symptoms over the next two years left her largely bedbound and, at times, suicidal.

“I started to turn more of a corner after two-and-a-half years. Now I can get dressed and move around the house. I can exert myself cognitively and physically a little bit more.

“But I still deal with symptoms daily, my brain still feels infected and there’s an ongoing pathological process in my body I believe needs treatment before I can recover. I feel like I have sustained a traumatic brain injury.

“At 37 I’m living and relying on my 70-year-old father for support. If it wasn’t for him I’d be homeless.”

Dr Fearnley struggled with pins and needles in her arms and legs
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Dr Fearnley struggled with pins and needles in her arms and legs. Pic: Kelly Fearnley

Call for other doctors to join legal action

LCD4A is calling for other doctors and healthcare workers who worked in England and Wales and suffered similar circumstances to join its group legal action. Those in Scotland can do so via a different legal firm, Jackson Boyd.

Hundreds have signed up, many say they have lost their jobs, and had relationships end. Several of those still employed by the NHS claim they have reached maximum sick pay or are struggling to claim benefits.

One consultant, who asked to remain anonymous, but whose income protection and life insurance were denied, said: “I was once at the peak of my career and have had to give up all my dreams and become a shell of my former self.

“There is no hope at present and at times I wish I died during COVID.”

One junior doctor said her long COVID complications mean she feels unable to ever have children – or become a consultant.

The 33-year-old described how brain fog and mobility problems cause her to burn herself on hot cups of tea, having failed to “work out how to hold them safely”.

GP members have reported losing their practices and years on from their original infection one still described going to the toilet as feeling “like climbing Mount Everest”.

Ebola expert warned London hospital about masks

Dr MacDermott is another LCD4A member who moved from her job as a clinical lecturer in paediatric infectious diseases at King’s College London to work on the COVID frontline in March 2020.

The 41-year-old was moved to Great Ormond Street Hospital and worked as a paediatric registrar.

She caught COVID at the end of March and was off work with classic symptoms for 10 days. When she returned in early April, she says she was moved to a different ward, which was largely caring for children with multi-system inflammatory syndrome – a potentially fatal response to COVID seen in children that causes inflammation of various organs.

Dr Nathalie MacDermott now uses a mobility scooter. Pic: Dr Nathalie MacDermott
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Dr Nathalie MacDermott now uses a mobility scooter. Pic: Dr Nathalie MacDermott

Having worked on Ebola and cholera in Africa and Asia, with her background in infectious diseases, she was alarmed by the lack of PPE – and raised it with senior managers.

“I spoke to the head of infection control and said it was unacceptable. I said we should at least have FFP masks but I was told we didn’t need them.”

She claims when she told her staff to wear higher-grade PPE, people would “come to the wards and tell them off for wearing PPE they shouldn’t be wearing”.

Dr MacDermott believes that those responsible for infection control policy across NHS England are to blame for what she, Dr Fearnley, and hundreds of others have suffered as a result of long COVID.

“At the end of the day, people made decisions and those decisions had consequences, and those people are not taking responsibility for those decisions.

“When I worked on Ebola in Liberia, I told healthcare workers that I would never ask them to go into an environment wearing PPE that I wouldn’t go into wearing that PPE myself.

“The NHS sold out their staff during the pandemic. And I’m not going to stay quiet about it because we haven’t learned and we’re still doing it.

“If we had another pandemic tomorrow, we would make exactly the same mistakes again.”

COVID caused spinal cord damage

Dr MacDermott says she caught COVID again and developed severe pain in her neck, back, arms, and soles of her feet.

She continued to be off work and by September 2020 her legs had become “jerky” and her “mobility took a turn for the worse”.

Long COVID has also affected her bladder and bowels, and she now uses a mobility scooter as she is unable to walk without crutches for more than around 100m (330ft).

“The overall conclusion is that I have something called a COVID-related myelopathy, which means COVID has damaged my spine, but we don’t know exactly what that damage is and how it’s done it.”

Dr MacDermott returned to work after almost two years in March 2022. She has had COVID twice since, which she says has set back her neurological symptoms each time.

Her research funding comes to an end in six months and she has so far been unsuccessful in getting further grants. Her health means she can’t do a full-time clinical role.

“So even though I’ve finally got to the end of my training, having graduated from medical school in 2006, I now can’t be the paediatric infectious diseases consultant I wanted to be.”

Both she and Dr Fearnley say they do not feel safe returning to work in the NHS with its current infection control policy, which is still the same.

Dr Fearnley added: “Coronavirus is unequivocally airborne and warrants respiratory protection.

“Our employers have a legal duty of care. Workers have a right to be protected at work and patients have a right to be cared for in safe environments. Hospitals are failing in their duty of care.”

Legal challenge of proving negligence

Legal commentator Joshua Rozenberg says all claimants face a considerable legal challenge in proving the NHS was negligent at that time.

“They have to show that their employers, the hospitals they were working in, didn’t meet what were then-accepted standards of care.

“Presumably when people didn’t really understand COVID, didn’t know about long COVID, perhaps didn’t know what level of protection was necessary for professionals working in the health service.”

He added that the doctors need to clarify which NHS or government bodies they are going to sue.

“They’ve got to decide who was actually responsible and whether they were negligent or not.”

Sara Stanger, director and head of clinical negligence and serious injury claims at Bond Turner, said: As the nation stood at their doors clapping, our frontline NHS workers risked their lives while caring for patients, without proper protection.

“Thousands contracted the virus themselves, and many have since developed long COVID.

“We are committed to seeking justice for those who were exposed to an unnecessary risk of infection while working on the front line.”

A Department of Health and Social Care spokesperson told Sky News: “Throughout the pandemic the government acted to save lives and livelihoods, prevent the NHS being overwhelmed and deliver a world-leading vaccine rollout which protected millions of lives across the nation.

“We have always said there are lessons to be learnt from the pandemic and we are committed to learning from the COVID-19 inquiry’s findings, which will play a key role in informing the government’s planning and preparations for the future. We will consider all recommendations made to the department in full.”

Sky News has contacted NHS England and the UK Health Security Agency for further comment.

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Grooming victim’s family ‘angry’ and ‘shocked’ prosecutors didn’t see police interview video

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Grooming victim's family 'angry' and 'shocked' prosecutors didn't see police interview video

The family of a grooming victim say they are “angry” and “heartbroken” that prosecutors didn’t see a video of her police interview during their investigations.

Jodie Sheeran, then 15, was allegedly taken to a hotel and raped in November 2004.

She’s believed to have been groomed by young men of Pakistani heritage for a year beforehand. Jodie’s son, Jayden, was born nine months later.

A man was charged, but the case was dropped a day before the trial was meant to start in 2005.

Her father, David, said they were told it was because Jodie had a “reckless lifestyle” and was “an unreliable witness”, but that they never received a formal reason.

In July, he told Sky’s The UK Tonight with Sarah-Jane Mee he thinks police “bottled it” because they were worried about being called racist.

Jodie died in November 2022 from an alcohol-related death.

It’s now emerged the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) didn’t view the video of Jodie’s police interview as it “was not shared with us” and they didn’t know at the time that it still existed.

Instead, they only had a transcript of what she told officers.

It’s unclear exactly why this happened, but Staffordshire Police said the footage was available in 2019, when the CPS and police reviewed the case, and in 2023, when the investigation was opened again.

Jodie Sheeran with her mother Angela
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Jodie Sheeran with her mother Angela


“I don’t know if I’ve been misled [or] it was an accident,” Jodie’s mother, Angela, told Sky News’ Sarah-Jane Mee.

“To suddenly say evidence has been there all along – and I’ve got every single letter, every email to tell me they haven’t got the evidence any more… and then it’s emerged Staffordshire Police did have the evidence after all – it was shocking really.”

The CPS watched the video last month and said the transcript is an accurate representation of what Jodie says on the tape.

However, it hasn’t changed their view that there’s no realistic prospect of conviction – and won’t be taking any further action.

Jodie's father David (right, with Jayden) says it seems police and CPS 'didn't know what one another were doing'
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Jodie’s father David (right, with Jayden) says it seems police and CPS ‘didn’t know what one another were doing’

Jodie’s father told Sky News he believes it shows the police and CPS “didn’t know what one another were doing – and it makes you so angry”.

“I feel like they’ve gotten away with it,” added Jodie’s son Jayden. “It’s years on now – I’m grateful they’ve found the evidence but what are they doing about it?”

‘I’ll keep fighting until I get justice’

Angela said it shows that other families in a similar situation shouldn’t “take no for an answer” from police or the CPS.

“Since losing a child, nothing else matters, so I’m not going anywhere,” she said.

“So I will keep fighting and fighting and fighting until I get justice for Jodie – and hopefully justice for probably thousands of other victims out there as well.”

Angela says she will 'keep fighting until I get justice for Jodie'
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Angela says she will ‘keep fighting until I get justice for Jodie’

A national inquiry into grooming gangs was announced in June after a series of cases uncovered sexual abuse of mainly white girls by men of predominately Pakistani heritage had taken place in a number of towns and cities.

A Staffordshire Police spokesperson said their thoughts remain with Jodie’s family and that a “significant amount of work has been undertaken reviewing this case several times”.

They said the interview video was “available to the Senior Investigating Officers in 2019 and 2023” and a “comprehensive contemporaneous written record” of it was given to the CPS on both occasions.

The statement added: “In August 2025, a copy of the recording was provided to the CPS who conducted due diligence to ensure the contemporaneous written record of Jodie’s ABE interview, that they reviewed in 2019 and 2023, was an accurate account of the video recording. They have confirmed this is the case.”

Read more:
Telford child abuse victims speak out

What we know about grooming gangs, from the data
The women who blew whistle on Rotherham

Jodie died in November 2022
Image:
Jodie died in November 2022


Police said the case had been submitted for a further evidential review.

“Should any new evidence come to light, it will be referred to the CPS for their consideration,” the spokesperson added.

The CPS said: “We carried out reviews of our decision-making in this case in 2019 and 2023 using records provided by Staffordshire Police – both these reviews found that there was not enough evidence to charge the suspect with rape.

“While we requested all available records, Jodie’s video interview from 2005 was not shared with us, we were not informed that it had been retained, and it was only made available to our prosecutors recently after further requests.

“Having cross-referenced the video with detailed accounts of it previously available to us, we have determined that the conclusions we reached in our previous reviews still stand.”

:: Watch the full interview on The UK Tonight with Sarah-Jane Mee from 8pm on Tuesday

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UK faces ‘crisis’ of child-on-child sex abuse – with ‘fundamental shift’ in offending

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UK faces 'crisis' of child-on-child sex abuse - with 'fundamental shift' in offending

Children sexually abusing other children has become a “crisis” in the UK, experts have told Sky News.

This report contains details you may find distressing.

The National Association for People Abused in Childhood (NAPAC) says there has been a pronounced rise in child-on-child abuse – and data for group-based offending shows it is now more prevalent than incidents involving grooming gangs.

The “shocking” statistics show there has been a “fundamental shift” in offending, NAPAC chief executive Gabrielle Shaw told Sky News.

Latest child sexual abuse and exploitation crime figures from the National Police Chiefs’ Council (NPCC) for England and Wales show that, where age was recorded, 52% of all perpetrators were between the ages of 10-17.

NAPAC chief executive Gabrielle Shaw says the figures show the UK is facing a 'crisis'
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NAPAC chief executive Gabrielle Shaw says the figures show the UK is facing a ‘crisis’

Some 41% of these relate to indecent images of children.

Most of these nude images are taken by teenagers of themselves before they are shared with a partner as part of “experimental” behaviour.

But at the other end of the offending scale, 17% of sexual crimes that are committed against children by other children are rape offences.

Richard Fewkes, director of NPCC’s child sexual exploitation taskforce, warns that consensual exchanging of intimate images can end up in coercion and blackmail, with easy access to violent pornography partly behind this disturbing trend in children abusing children.

“For a generation of boys, in particular, then very often they see that as normal behaviour,” he told Sky News. “They act it out, with girls.”

Teenagers sharing indecent images of each other may be recorded as crimes due to the legal age of consent, according to Richard Fewkes.

Inside the call centre on the frontline

Warning: This section contains references to child sexual abuse

There’s a shrill ring as the first call of the day comes in. “You’re through to someone you can talk to.”

We’ve been given exclusive access to NAPAC’s helpline in Stockport, where call handlers speak to victims who have suffered all types of abuse.

The man who has called the helpline was so badly beaten as a child by his father that he was left with broken bones.

The victim is now having to care for his elderly father, triggering painful memories.

“He just wanted that safe space,” says call handler Claire Tong.

“He said, ‘Thank god there’s people like you that I can talk to’.”

NAPAC’s support service hears from around 10,000 victims every year – and the organisation also works with police in responding to group-based sexual offending.

Through our day at the helpline, we get a grim snapshot into the lives of ordinary people across the UK who have suffered unimaginable pain.

Children ritually abused to ‘raise demon’

Sam Booth has worked at NAPAC for a decade, first as a volunteer and now as a supervisor.

She shows me the themes of last week’s calls written on a whiteboard and one stands out – ritual abuse.

“Satanic ritual abuse is abuse by a group of people,” Sam says.

“They have robes on with hoods. They could be a child or a teenager, they could be ritually, sexually abused ….to raise some kind of demon.”

Sam says multiple people have called, triggered by the smell of soil. As children, they had been buried to the point of death before being revived.

Victims can be signposted to other services, for example if they want to pursue legal action or therapy.

Support can mean difference between life and death

Among those to have been helped by NAPAC is Sadie, who was sexually abused by her biological father when she was a young child.

Sadie, not her real name, says her childhood memories are “the constant feeling of being dissociated from your body, always having stomach aches, feeling unclean”.

Sadie’s email to NAPAC, fully disclosing the abuse for the first time, was the crucial step towards getting direct support.

For some victims, their call could be the difference between life and death.

The rise in young people seeking help

Exclusive data shared with Sky News shows that in 2014, NAPAC received 358 calls in which callers volunteered their age.

16 of these callers were between the ages of 19 and 24 (4.4%).

Over the next decade the percentage doubled.

In 2024 there were 1,487 calls in which callers volunteered their age.

130 of these callers were aged 19-24 (8.8%).

More than half of callers of all ages say they feel anxious or experience anxiety.

Meanwhile, more than a third of callers say they feel isolated.

Holly Aisbett, who has worked for NAPAC for three years, says a conversation that stands out to her was with a suicidal woman calling from a bridge.

“We were probably on the phone for about an hour; she did eventually tell us her location,” says Holly.

“We reported it to the police, we don’t often do that, but obviously when things escalate, we do have a duty of care.”

All the NAPAC staff we spoke to admit to being impacted by challenging calls every day. But they continue to handle them with empathy.

“You get a really good feeling when you get a caller talking to you about something they’ve never told anyone,” says Sam.

“You feel privileged that they’re able to talk to you.”

Mr Fewkes said there is no easy solution to the crisis of children abusing children, but he believes better education for parents and young people is a crucial step in the right direction.

A Home Office spokesperson said: “We are taking forward a wide range of actions to help prevent child sexual abuse, bring more offenders to justice, and improve the support available to victims and survivors.

“A review is currently underway to look at how best to support school staff in handling cases of child sexual abuse. This sits alongside increased funding for the Lucy Faithfull Foundation, which works to prevent harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people.”

For NAPAC support, call 0808 801 0331 or email support@napac.org.uk

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Davey accuses Trump of overseeing ‘biggest threat to fight against cancer’

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Davey accuses Trump of overseeing 'biggest threat to fight against cancer'

Sir Ed Davey will call on US experts fleeing an “anti-science agenda” to come to the UK, and pledge to make curing cancer a “top priority”.

The Liberal Democrat leader will use his keynote speech at the party’s annual conference in Bournemouth today to call for a dedicated fellowship scheme to attract American scientists.

The finale of the party’s annual meeting will see him turn his ire on Donald Trump, having spent the past few days criticising tech titan Elon Musk and Nigel Farage’s Reform UK.

Sir Ed is expected to warn that “what’s happening on the other side of the Atlantic” is the “biggest threat to the fight against cancer”.

“The US is by far the world’s biggest funder of cancer research – mostly through its National Cancer Institute,” the leader will say.

“But since Donald Trump returned to the White House, he has cancelled hundreds of grants for cancer research projects.

“He’s slashing billions of dollars from the National Cancer Institute’s budget.”

Sir Ed will appeal to scientists who have had projects cancelled or funding cut to “come here and finish it in the UK”.

He believes a dedicated scheme should be established to allow them to move to work at British research institutions, without having to pay large visa fees.

Sir Ed has is the only English party leader to explicitly criticise Mr Trump, and refused an invite to the state banquet with the King at Windsor Castle as part of the US president’s state visit last week.

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Davey refuses to rule out deal with Starmer

‘Cast-iron guarantee’ for cancer patients

Sir Ed will also use his speech to pledge to boost healthcare and cancer research more widely.

He is expected to tell party members: “The UK should step up and say: if Trump won’t back this research, we will.

“We’ll boost funding for cancer research in the UK. We’ll rebuild a National Cancer Research Institute, after it was closed under the Conservatives, to coordinate research and drive it forward.

“We’ll pass a Cancer Survival Research Act to ensure funding for research into the deadliest cancers.”

He will announce a “cast-iron guarantee” that each patient in the UK diagnosed with cancer will start treatment within two months.

Read more politics news:
Farage plans to deport legal migrants
Sultana aims to mend ties with Corbyn

Sir Ed will also accuse Reform members of supporting the Trump administration’s move to cut millions of pounds of research into mRNA vaccines, based on “totally false conspiracy theories”.

He will say they members “enthusiastically applauded” the decision at the party’s conference earlier this month.

It follows the Liberal Democrat leader refusing to rule out making a deal with Labour after the next general election to help keep Reform out of government.

Speaking to Sky News political editor Beth Rigby, Sir Ed said he would “wait to see the result of the next election” before deciding on any agreement.

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Can Davey stop Farage getting into No 10?

Across the conference, Sir Ed has also:

  • Accused Elon Musk of being a “criminal [for] allowing online harm to children” on his social media platform X, insisting he’s not concerned about being sued by the billionaire for saying so despite him not being charged;
  • Suggested the Lib Dems could win “way more” than 100 seats at the next general election;
  • And accused the BBC of scrutinising Reform less than other political parties.

The Liberal Democrats have already used the conference to announce plans for a windfall tax on big banks to help homeowners install solar panels and insulation, and propose cigarette-style health warnings on social media apps to protect children.

They also want to introduce a law to ban ministers from lobbying on behalf of foreign leaders.

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