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Shamima Begum is set to find out if she has won an appeal against the removal of her British citizenship.

While still a schoolgirl in east London she travelled to Syria in 2015 to join Islamic State at the age of 15, before her citizenship was revoked on national security grounds shortly after she was found in a refugee camp in 2019.

After a series of legal battles, Ms Begum, now 24, lost her latest challenge at the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC) in February last year – but took her case to the Court of Appeal in October.

Ms Begum, who remains in a refugee camp in northern Syria, was represented by Samantha Knights KC, who argued the government had failed to consider legal duties owed to a potential victim of trafficking.

However, Sir James Eadie KC, for the Home Office, said the “key feature” of Ms Begum’s case is national security.

The ruling in Ms Begum’s Court of Appeal case is due to be handed down at a short hearing at 10am on Friday.

Shamima Begum. Pic: ITV/Shutterstock
Image:
Shamima Begum. Pic: ITV/Shutterstock

Timeline: From Syria to court battles

From departing Gatwick Airport, to awaiting the outcome of various court cases from northern Syria – here’s a breakdown of how Shamima Begum got here.

February 2015

Shamima Begum dropped out of Bethnal Green Academy with friends Amira Abase and Kadiza Sultana, having been missing since December 2014.

On 17 February, they all travelled from Gatwick Airport to Istanbul in Turkey and, once in Syria, Ms Begum married a Dutch IS fighter, Yago Riedijk, and had three children with him – who all died.

Ms Begum was said to be an “enforcer” who recruited other women to the caliphate.

2016

Both Ms Abase and Ms Sultana are reported to have died, but the whereabouts and actions of Ms Begum remained unknown until she resurfaced three years later.

February 2019

That’s when a journalist from The Times found her nine months pregnant at al Hawl refugee camp in northern Syria, having fled eastern Syria, where there was fierce fighting in a last stand for IS.

Sky News interviewed her, and she revealed she had just given birth – and was said to be “unrepentant” about joining IS.

In the same month, Sajid Javid, who was home secretary at the time, stripped Ms Begum of her British citizenship – this decision was controversial, as it meant it could have left her stateless.

April 2019

Ms Begum was granted legal aid by the UK Ministry of Justice to appeal Mr Javid’s decision.

February 2020

In a preliminary ruling, the SIAC ruled the decision to deprive Ms Begum of her British citizenship was lawful, adding Ms Begum was “a citizen of Bangladesh by descent” at the time of the decision.

They also found she could not “play any meaningful part in her appeal and that, to that extent, the appeal will not be fair and effective”.

July 2020

Ms Begum therefore turned to the Court of Appeal in a bid to return to the UK for the main challenge of her appeal to the SIAC.

She was given permission by the court to return to the UK and contest the government’s decision to rescind her citizenship – but the Home Office appealed this decision at the Supreme Court.

February 2021

The UK’s highest court then said Ms Begum should not be granted leave to enter the UK to pursue her appeal. She has since been in custody in northern Syria.

November 2021

In November, Sky News met Begum again. She said she didn’t hate the UK when she left, only her own life, and reaffirmed her keenness to return.

November 2022

Ms Begum once again attempts to win the right to travel back to the UK in a five-day trial at the SIAC.

During the hearing, her lawyers said the Home Office has a duty to investigate whether she was a victim of trafficking before stripping her of her British citizenship.

She was “persuaded, influenced and affected with her friends by a determined and effective ISIS propaganda machine”, they argued, but the Home Office stood by its decision to bar her.

February 2023

The SIAC dismissed that appeal on all grounds, ruling Ms Begum will not be allowed to return to the UK and therefore will not able to win back her British passport.

October 2023

Her case went to the Court of Appeal eight months later, where three senior judges were told the Home Office failed to consider legal duties owed to Ms Begum as a potential victim of trafficking.

February 2024

Ms Begum’s latest result is due, with her legal battle unlikely to end here either way.

What are the arguments for and against her return?

Announcing the SIAC decision last February, Mr Justice Jay said “the real merits of Ms Begum’s case” involved her arguments that she had been the victim of trafficking.

The tribunal found there was a “credible suspicion” Ms Begum was “recruited, transferred and then harboured for the purpose of sexual exploitation”.

Ms Knights and Dan Squires KC argued at the Court of Appeal that the UK has failed to have a “full and effective” investigation into how Ms Begum was trafficked.

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‘I didn’t hate Britain, I hated my life’ – Begum

However, the SIAC had also found that Mr Javid was not required to formally consider whether Ms Begum was, or might have been, trafficked when deciding to strip her British citizenship.

Sir James said: “The fact that someone is radicalised, and may have been manipulated, is not inconsistent with the assessment that they pose a national security risk.

“Ms Begum contends that national security should not be a ‘trump’ card.

“But the public should not be exposed to risks to national security because events and circumstances have conspired to give rise to that risk.”

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From ‘straight A student’ to IS bride

Ms Begum, described previously as a straight-A student, arrived in the city of Raqqa in Syria and married a Dutchman and Muslim convert named Yago Riedijk 10 days later.

They had three children – a one-year-old girl, a three-month-old boy and a newborn son – who all died from malnourishment or disease.

FILE - This is a Monday Feb. 23, 2015 file handout image of a three image combo of stills taken from CCTV issued by the Metropolitan Police Kadiza Sultana, left, Shamima Begum, centre and and Amira Abase going through security at Gatwick airport, before they caught their flight to Turkey. The Dutch man who married a British teenager after she ran away to join the Islamic State group says he wants to return home to the Netherlands with Shamima Begum and their newborn son. Yago Riedijk tells the B
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CCTV of Kadiza Sultana, left, Shamima Begum, centre and and Amira Abase going through security at Gatwick airport. Pic: Met Police

Ms Begum left Raqqa with her husband in January 2017, but they were eventually split up, as she claimed he was arrested for spying and tortured.

She was eventually found nine months pregnant in a refugee camp in February 2019 by a Times journalist.

Ms Begum told the reporter it “didn’t faze me at all” when she saw her first “severed head” and would “do anything required just to be able to come home”.

But she added she did not regret travelling to IS-controlled Syria, saying she had a “good time”.

Read more:
IS bride insists she ‘didn’t hate Britain’
The problem with Shamima Begum’s case

By 2021, she had drastically changed her appearance – wearing a Nike baseball cap, a grey vest, a Casio watch and having her fingernails painted pink when she appeared on TV screens.

Ms Begum said there was “no evidence” she was a key player in preparing terrorist acts and was prepared to prove her innocence in court.

“The reason I came to Syria was not for violent reasons,” she told Good Morning Britain in 2021.

“At the time I did not know it was a death cult, I thought it was an Islamic community I was joining,” she added.

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Jaguar Land Rover production shutdown after cyber attack extended to 1 October

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Jaguar Land Rover production shutdown after cyber attack extended to 1 October

Britain’s largest car manufacturer, Jaguar Land Rover (JLR), faces a prolonged shutdown of its global operations after the company announced an extension of the current closure, which began on 31 August, to at least 1 October.

The extension will cost JLR tens of millions of pounds a day in lost revenue, raise major concerns about companies and jobs in the supply chain, and raise further questions about the vulnerability of UK industry to cyber assaults.

A spokesperson said of the move: “We have made this decision to give clarity for the coming week as we build the timeline for the phased restart of our operations and continue our investigation.

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“Our teams continue to work around the clock alongside cybersecurity specialists, the NCSC and law enforcement to ensure we restart in a safe and secure manner.

“Our focus remains on supporting our customers, suppliers, colleagues, and our retailers who remain open. We fully recognise this is a difficult time for all connected with JLR and we thank everyone for their continued support and patience.”

More than 33,000 people work directly for JLR in the UK, many of them employed on assembly lines in the West Midlands, the largest of which is in Solihull, and a plant at Halewood on Merseyside.

An estimated 200,000 more are employed by several hundred companies in the supply chain, who face a prolonged interruption to trade with what for many will be their largest client.

The “just-in-time” nature of automotive production means that many had little choice but to shut down immediately after JLR announced its closure, and no incentive to resume until it is clear when it will be back in production.

Industry sources estimate that around 25% of suppliers have already taken steps to pause production and lay off workers, many of them by “banking hours” they will have to work in future.

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Another quarter are expected to make decisions this week, following JLR’s previous announcement that production would be paused until at least Wednesday.

JLR, which produces the Jaguar, Range Rover and Land Rover marques, has also been forced to halt production and assembly at facilities in China, Slovakia, India and Brazil after its IT systems were effectively disabled by the cyber attack.

JLR’s Solihull plant has been running short shifts with skeleton staff, with some teams understood to be carrying out basic maintenance while the production lines stand idle, including painting floors.

Among workers who had finished a half-shift last Friday, there was resignation to the uncertainty. “We have been told not to talk about it, and even if we could, we don’t know what’s happening,” said one.

Calls for support

The government has faced calls from unions to introduce a furlough-style scheme to protect jobs in the supply chain, but with JLR generating profits of £2.2bn last year, the company will face pressure to support its suppliers.

Industry body the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders said while government support should be the last resort, it should not be off the table.

“Whatever happens to JLR will reverberate through the supply chain,” chief executive Mike Hawes told Sky News.

“There are a huge number of suppliers in the UK, a mixture of large multinationals, but also a lot of small and medium-sized enterprises, and those are the ones who are most at risk. Some of them, maybe up to a quarter, have already had to lay off people. There’ll be another further 20-25% considering that in the next few days and weeks.

“It’s a very high bar for the government to intervene, but without the supply chain, you don’t have the major manufacturers and you don’t have an industry.”

What happened to the IT system?

JLR, owned by Indian conglomerate Tata, has provided no detail of the nature of the attack, but it is presumed to be a ransomware assault similar to that which debilitated Marks and Spencer and the Co-Op earlier this year.

As well as interrupting vehicle production, dealers have been unable to register vehicles or order spare parts, and even diagnostic software for analysing individual vehicles has been affected.

Last week, it said it was conducting a “forensic” investigation and considering how to stage the “controlled restart” of global production.

Speculation has centred on the vulnerability of IT support desks to surreptitious activity from hackers posing as employees to access passwords, as well as ‘phishing’ or other digital means of accessing systems.

In September 2023, JLR outsourced its IT and digital services to Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), also a Tata-owned company, intended, it said, to “transform, simplify, and help manage its digital estate, and build a new future-ready, strategic technology architecture”.

Resilience risks

Three months earlier, TCS extended an existing agreement with M&S, saying it would “improve resilience and pace of innovation, and drive sustainable growth.”

Officials from the National Cyber Security Centre are thought to be assisting JLR with their investigations, while officials and ministers from the Department for Business and International Trade have been kept informed of the situation.

Liam Byrne, a Birmingham MP and chair of the Business and Trade Select Committee, said the JLR closure raises concerns about the resilience of UK business.

“British business is now much more vulnerable for two reasons. One, many of these cyber threats have got bad states behind them. Russia, North Korea, Iran. These are serious players.

“Second, the attack surface that business is exposed to is now much bigger, because their digital operations are much bigger. They’ll be global organisations. They might have their IT outsourced in another country. So the vulnerability is now much greater than in the past.”

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Epping hotel asylum seeker jailed after sexually assaulting woman and 14-year-old girl

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Epping hotel asylum seeker jailed after sexually assaulting woman and 14-year-old girl

An asylum seeker has been sentenced to 12 months in prison after sexually assaulting a 14-year-old girl and a woman in Epping.

Hadush Gerberslasie Kebatu had been staying at The Bell Hotel in the Essex town, with the incident fuelling weeks of protests at the site.

The Ethiopian national was found guilty of two counts of sexual assault, attempted sexual assault, inciting a girl to engage in sexual activity and harassment without violence earlier this month.

Kebatu’s lawyer, Molly Dyas, told Chelmsford Magistrates’ Court on Tuesday that he wanted to be deported, calling it his “firm wish” and a view he held “before the trial”.

Under the UK Borders Act 2007, a deportation order must be made where a foreign national has been convicted of an offence and received a custodial sentence of at least 12 months.

Kebatu was living in The Bell Hotel at the time of the incident. Pic: PA
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Kebatu was living in The Bell Hotel at the time of the incident. Pic: PA

Handing sentence, district judge Christopher Williams said the asylum seeker posed a “significant risk of reoffending”.

He also told the court that Kebatu “couldn’t have anticipated” his offending “would cause such a response from the public”.

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“Particularly in Epping,” the judge said, “but also across the UK, resulting in mass demonstrations and fear that children in the UK are not safe.

“It’s evident to me that your shame and remorse isn’t because of the offences you’ve committed but because of the impact they’ve had.”

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Epping hotel asylum seeker jailed

Kebatu bowed his head to the judge before he was led to the cells.

Chelmsford Magistrates’ Court was told Kebatu had tried to kiss the teenager, put his hand on her thigh and brushed her hair after she offered him pizza.

Kebatu, 41, also told the girl and her friend he wanted to have a baby with them and invited them back to the hotel.

The incident happened on 7 July, about a week after he arrived in the UK on a boat.

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The incident sparked protests in the Essex town and nationwide. Pic: PA
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The incident sparked protests in the Essex town and nationwide. Pic: PA

The girl later told police she “froze” and got “really creeped out”, telling him: “No, I’m 14.”

Kebatu was also found guilty of sexually assaulting a woman – putting his hand on her thigh and trying to kiss her – when she tried to intervene after seeing him talking to the girl again the following day.

He denied all the charges but was convicted earlier this month.

Pic: PA
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Pic: PA

Kebatu knows ‘Epping is in chaos’ over actions

Prosecutor Stuart Cowen, discussing a pre-sentence report, said Kebatu admitted “he didn’t know the UK was so strict, even though he knew the Ethiopian age of consent was 18”.

Kebatu understood that “Epping is in chaos” because of what he did and that he “had got a lot of migrants in trouble,” Mr Cowen said.

He added that the asylum seeker “felt very sad and felt a lot of remorse,” but added: “The word manipulative is used within the report.”

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Pic: PA
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Pic: PA

Mr Cowen also read statements from both victims, with the 14-year-old girl, who cannot be named for legal reasons, saying she is now “checking over my shoulder” when she is out with friends.

She said she prepared the statement “so that the man who did this to me understands what he has done to me – a 14-year-old girl”.

She continued: “Every time I go out with my friends, I’m checking over my shoulder.

“Wearing a skirt now makes me feel vulnerable and exposed. Seeing the bench [where the sexual assault took place] reminds me of everything that happened.

“I’m aware there have been protests because of what has happened – I’m lucky that I was not in the country when that happened.”

The adult woman who was sexually assaulted by Kebatu and who also cannot be named for legal reasons, said: “Since the incident, I feel both angered and frustrated.

“He [Kebatu] did not even appear to know that what he’s done was wrong.”

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Grooming victim’s family ‘angry’ and ‘shocked’ prosecutors didn’t see police interview video

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Grooming victim's family 'angry' and 'shocked' prosecutors didn't see police interview video

The family of a grooming victim say they are “angry” and “heartbroken” that prosecutors didn’t see a video of her police interview during their investigations.

Jodie Sheeran, then 15, was allegedly taken to a hotel and raped in November 2004.

She’s believed to have been groomed by young men of Pakistani heritage for a year beforehand. Jodie’s son, Jayden, was born nine months later.

A man was charged, but the case was dropped a day before the trial was meant to start in 2005.

Her father, David, said they were told it was because Jodie had a “reckless lifestyle” and was “an unreliable witness”, but that they never received a formal reason.

In July, he told Sky’s The UK Tonight with Sarah-Jane Mee he thinks police “bottled it” because they were worried about being called racist.

Jodie died in November 2022 from an alcohol-related death.

It’s now emerged the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) didn’t view the video of Jodie’s police interview as it “was not shared with us” and they didn’t know at the time that it still existed.

Instead, they only had a transcript of what she told officers.

It’s unclear exactly why this happened, but Staffordshire Police said the footage was available in 2019, when the CPS and police reviewed the case, and in 2023, when the investigation was opened again.

Jodie Sheeran with her mother Angela
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Jodie Sheeran with her mother Angela


“I don’t know if I’ve been misled [or] it was an accident,” Jodie’s mother, Angela, told Sky News’ Sarah-Jane Mee.

“To suddenly say evidence has been there all along – and I’ve got every single letter, every email to tell me they haven’t got the evidence any more… and then it’s emerged Staffordshire Police did have the evidence after all – it was shocking really.”

The CPS watched the video last month and said the transcript is an accurate representation of what Jodie says on the tape.

However, it hasn’t changed their view that there’s no realistic prospect of conviction – and won’t be taking any further action.

Jodie's father David (right, with Jayden) says it seems police and CPS 'didn't know what one another were doing'
Image:
Jodie’s father David (right, with Jayden) says it seems police and CPS ‘didn’t know what one another were doing’

Jodie’s father told Sky News he believes it shows the police and CPS “didn’t know what one another were doing – and it makes you so angry”.

“I feel like they’ve gotten away with it,” added Jodie’s son Jayden. “It’s years on now – I’m grateful they’ve found the evidence but what are they doing about it?”

‘I’ll keep fighting until I get justice’

Angela said it shows that other families in a similar situation shouldn’t “take no for an answer” from police or the CPS.

“Since losing a child, nothing else matters, so I’m not going anywhere,” she said.

“So I will keep fighting and fighting and fighting until I get justice for Jodie – and hopefully justice for probably thousands of other victims out there as well.”

Angela says she will 'keep fighting until I get justice for Jodie'
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Angela says she will ‘keep fighting until I get justice for Jodie’

A national inquiry into grooming gangs was announced in June after a series of cases uncovered sexual abuse of mainly white girls by men of predominately Pakistani heritage had taken place in a number of towns and cities.

A Staffordshire Police spokesperson said their thoughts remain with Jodie’s family and that a “significant amount of work has been undertaken reviewing this case several times”.

They said the interview video was “available to the Senior Investigating Officers in 2019 and 2023” and a “comprehensive contemporaneous written record” of it was given to the CPS on both occasions.

The statement added: “In August 2025, a copy of the recording was provided to the CPS who conducted due diligence to ensure the contemporaneous written record of Jodie’s ABE interview, that they reviewed in 2019 and 2023, was an accurate account of the video recording. They have confirmed this is the case.”

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Jodie died in November 2022
Image:
Jodie died in November 2022


Police said the case had been submitted for a further evidential review.

“Should any new evidence come to light, it will be referred to the CPS for their consideration,” the spokesperson added.

The CPS said: “We carried out reviews of our decision-making in this case in 2019 and 2023 using records provided by Staffordshire Police – both these reviews found that there was not enough evidence to charge the suspect with rape.

“While we requested all available records, Jodie’s video interview from 2005 was not shared with us, we were not informed that it had been retained, and it was only made available to our prosecutors recently after further requests.

“Having cross-referenced the video with detailed accounts of it previously available to us, we have determined that the conclusions we reached in our previous reviews still stand.”

:: Watch the full interview on The UK Tonight with Sarah-Jane Mee from 8pm on Tuesday

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