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The team from the Geological Agency of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) took samples of natural hydrogen gas found in One Pute Jaya Village, Morowali Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, 23 October 2023.

Nurphoto | Nurphoto | Getty Images

A global gold rush is underway for a long-overlooked resource that advocates say could play a significant role in the shift away from fossil fuels.

Geologic hydrogen, sometimes referred to as white, gold or natural hydrogen, refers to hydrogen gas that is found in its natural form beneath Earth’s surface. It is thought to be produced by high-temperature reactions between water and iron-ich minerals.

Hydrogen has long been billed as one of many potential energy sources that could play a pivotal role in the energy transition, but most of it is produced using fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, a process that generates significant greenhouse gas emissions.

Green hydrogen, a process that involves splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using renewable electricity, is one exception from what’s known as the hydrogen color rainbow. However, its development has been held back by soaring costs and a challenging economic environment.

It’s within this context that momentum has been building around geologic hydrogen. Exploratory efforts are now underway in countries such as the U.S., Canada, Australia, France, Spain, Colombia, South Korea and others.

A photo taken on April 27, 2023 shows gauges that are part of the electrolysis plant of the geological hydrogen H2 storage facility ‘Underground Sun Storage’ in Gampern, Upper Austria.

Alex Halada | Afp | Getty Images

Research published earlier this month by Rystad Energy showed that 40 companies were actively searching for geologic hydrogen deposits by the end of last year — up from just 10 in 2020.

The consulting firm, which described the pursuit of geologic hydrogen as a “white gold rush,” said the hype stems from hopes that the untapped resource could be a “gamechanger” in the clean energy transition.

“I would say this is something relatively old and new in a way,” Minh Khoi Le, head of hydrogen research at Rystad Energy, told CNBC via videoconference. “The first project that found hydrogen was a while ago, but it never picked up from there, right? People never seriously tried to go for exploration.”

An accidental discovery

The initial discovery of geologic hydrogen occurred in 1987 in a small village roughly 60 kilometers (37.3 miles) from Mali’s capital of Bamako. A failed attempt to drill for water by Canada’s Hydroma hit upon an abundance of odorless gas that was inadvertently found to be highly flammable. The well was soon plugged and forgotten.

Almost two decades later, subsequent exploration at the site found geologic reservoirs containing nearly pure hydrogen gas. Today, the resource is being used to provide power to the Malian village of Bourakébougou.

Last year, researchers found what may be the world’s largest geologic hydrogen deposit to date in France’s eastern Lorraine region. The unexpected discovery further boosted interest in its clean energy potential.

A man is seen in a pirogue on the Niger River in Bamako, Mali on January 26, 2024.

Ousmane Makaveli | Afp | Getty Images

Geoffrey Ellis, a research geologist at the Energy Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), told CNBC that there could be a vast amount of naturally occurring hydrogen buried in underground reservoirs around the world.

Based on current understanding, Ellis said there is likely to be about 5 trillion metric tons of geologic hydrogen in Earth’s interior, although most of this is likely to be too deep or too far offshore to be economically recovered.

Nonetheless, Ellis said that just a few percent of geologic hydrogen recovery might well be enough to supply all projected demand for 200 years.

“The potential is there but we’ve got to do the work,” Ellis said via videoconference, adding that more investment is necessary to accelerate early-stage research and development.

The U.S. Department of Energy last month announced $20 million to support 16 projects nationwide to advance the natural subsurface generation of hydrogen. It said the energy resource could potentially produce zero carbon emissions when burned or used in a fuel cell.

If some of these numbers that certain institutes, like the USGS, about the potential volume that you can extract … come true, it can actually play quite a significant role.

Minh Khoi Le

Head of hydrogen research at Rystad Energy

“Natural hydrogen has created a lot of excitement at the moment but in terms of potential I think it is still a little bit uncertain because none of these projects have actually started producing or extracting hydrogen — except for that one in Mali,” Rystad Energy’s Le told CNBC.

Le said there were still “a lot of question marks around the whole story about natural hydrogen,” but there appeared to be “some substance” behind the hype.

“If some of these numbers that certain institutes, like the USGS, about the potential volume that you can extract … come true, it can actually play quite a significant role,” he added.

‘Sometimes we want to run before we can walk’

This photograph shows Lhyfe floating hydrogen production unit (R) past the Floatgen floating wind turbine (L), at the SEM-REV experimentation site off Le Croisic, western France, on June 26, 2023.

Sebastien Salom-gomis | Afp | Getty Images

Separately, the Hydrogen Science Coalition, a group of academics, scientists and engineers seeking to bring an evidence-based view to hydrogen’s role in the energy transition, said in a recent blog post that geologic hydrogen discoveries currently supply the world with less daily energy than a single wind turbine.

What’s more, the coalition says there are environmental concerns about the extraction process, and transportation and distribution challenges mean geologic hydrogen is not likely to be found where it is needed most.

“Considering findings to date, what we know about geologic hydrogen systems, and the fact that favourable settings appear rare, the odds of finding geologic hydrogen that can be extracted at the scale of large natural gas developments looks relatively slim,” the coalition said on March 14.

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Rivian (RIVN) EDV topped Ford to become America’s best-selling electric van in 2024

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Rivian (RIVN) EDV topped Ford to become America's best-selling electric van in 2024

Rivian (RIVN) had the best-selling electric van in the US last year, topping Ford for the title. The electric delivery van (EDV) is rolling out across the US through its partnership with Amazon, but Rivian is expanding with new customers.

Rivian EDV was the best-selling electric van in the US

With over 51,500 electric vehicles delivered in 2024, Rivian beat expectations. Although it was only slightly higher than the 50,122 delivered in 2023, things picked up in the second half of the year.

Rivian shut down its manufacturing plant in Normal, IL, last April to introduce new upgrades designed to cut costs and increase efficiency.

To make matters worse, Rivian had to temporarily pause electric van production last summer due to a part shortage.

After releasing fourth quarter and full-year 2024 delivery and production figures in early January, Rivian said, “The previously discussed shortage of a shared component on the R1 and RCV platforms is no longer a constraint.”

New Kelley Blue Book estimates show that Rivian outpaced Ford with America’s best-selling electric van in 2024.

Q4 2024 sales YOY Full-year 2024 sales YOY
Rivian EDV 4,397 +84.1% 13,423 +65.9%
Ford E-Transit 3,354 +56.5% 12,610 +64.4%
Rivian electric van sales in the US compared to Ford (Source: KBB)

Rivian sold 13,423 electric vans in the US last year, up 67% from 2023. In comparison, Ford sold 12,610 E-Transit vans in the US in 2024. In the fourth quarter, Rivian outpaced Ford, with nearly 4,400 EDVs sold compared to 3,354 E-Transit sales.

The accomplishment comes despite Ford introducing the updated E-Transit last March with a bigger battery and faster charging. In October, the 2025 E-Transit hit the market with the same price as “comparable gas Transit models,” according to Ford, starting at $51,000.

Rivian-best-selling-electric-van
Rivian electric delivery vans (EDVs) for Amazon (Source: Rivian)

Rivian has already secured a commitment from Amazon for up to 100,000 EDVs, but it also offers its commercial van (RCV), which is designed for other companies.

Over the past few weeks, Rivian electric vans with different brandings have been spotted testing, including logistics giant DHL.

As the Rivian scales production, its R1S electric SUV was also the tenth best-selling electric vehicle in the US last year.

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Ultra-compact electric truck startup TELO partners with Aptera to integrate solar tech

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Ultra-compact electric truck startup TELO partners with Aptera to integrate solar tech

A young EV startup called TELO Trucks has announced a partnership with solar EV developer Aptera to utilize the latter’s sustainable technology on its flagship vehicle, the MT1 compact pickup. Customers who pre-order a TELO electric truck will be able to choose from three Aptera solar panel configurations, helping boost the vehicle’s range while reducing grid dependency—as long as these BEVs get made.

TELO Trucks was founded by three gentlemen with various backgrounds in automotive technologies and creative design, including autonomy and ADAS at National Instruments and Roadster development during Tesla’s early days.

The startup launched its flagship MT1 compact electric pickup truck in June of 2023, which looks like an exciting exercise in space optimization. The MT1 features the bed capacity and crew cabin of a standard pickup truck within an impressively shortened vehicle length of 152 inches. As you can see in TELO’s image below, the MT1 offers the same interior cabin space and bed length as a Toyota Tacoma in the footprint of a MINI Cooper.

Since its unveiling, TELO says it has garnered over 4,550 pre-orders of the MT1, which is currently available in single and dual motors configurations, and the option for a long-range battery pack that promises a range upwards of 350 miles.

Soon, TELO will offer early customers additional options in its truck configurator – solar panels from Aptera Motors.

Aptera solar truck
Source: TeloTrucks.com

TELO to offer Aptera solar panels on its truck pre-orders

Aptera shared a blog post outlining the details of its new collaboration with TELO Trucks, which entails integrating solar panels of varying configurations into the MT1s that remain in development at this point. The partnership will enable TELO to offer pre-order customers the option to add up to three Aptera solar panel kits to their truck configuration:

  • Rooftop Truck Cab Solar Paneling – Integrated panels over the cab maximize daily energy generation.
  • Tonneau Truck Bed Cover Solar Paneling – A solar-equipped bed cover adds power while preserving storage versatility.
  • Camper Shell Solar Paneling – Panels extending from the cab over the bed increase charging capacity and storage options.

Aptera says its proprietary solar panels can generate up to 200 watts when exposed to peak sunlight, translating to about 1 to 2 kWh of free energy from the sun per day, depending on the location of the vehicle and the given season. This partnership news follows a successful showing from the solar EV startup at CES 2025 in Las Vegas as it continues to trudge forward in hopes of reaching scaled SEV production.

Although Aptera’s flagship solar EV is further down the development path than the TELO truck, both are trying to pave a new path in sustainable mobility and have paired up in hopes of continuing that uphill battle together. Per Aptera co-founder and co-CEO Steve Fambro:

Our unique curved solar cell design makes it the perfect application to propel automotive utility further than ever before. Together with TELO, we’re harnessing the power of the sun to make life off the grid a reality for everyone by putting the sun to work for them.

TELO and Aptera shared that the three solar panel options outlined above will become available on MT1 truck pre-orders later this year. TELO says its first fully realized drivable truck prototype is being assembled now by Aria Group, so hopefully, we can move on from renderings and see some bonafide production-intent solar electric trucks soon. TELO co-founder and CEO Jason Marks also spoke:

Whether buyers are looking for a commuter vehicle, a safer, more sustainable option to serve their family’s needs, a rugged, dependable pickup truck for outdoor adventuring, or a highly-functional fleet & vehicle that increases their business’s efficiency, TELO continues to be a first-in-class automotive option to satisfy the many needs of car buyers.

For now, you can reserve a TELO MT1 for $152 – a nod to the overall length of the stubby pickup.

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Solar farms generating 724 MW in Oklahoma will power Google AI

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Solar farms generating 724 MW in Oklahoma will power Google AI

A group of Oklahoma solar farms collectively generating a whopping 724 megawatts (MW) will power Google’s data center operations and artificial intelligence (AI) with long-term power purchase agreements.

Leeward Renewable Energy announced that the solar farms are strategically sited to support Google’s operations and bolster Oklahoma’s grid.

Construction has begun on the 372-MW Mayes County Solar Portfolio, located within a mile of Google’s data center in Pryor, Oklahoma, northeast of Tulsa. Together with the 152.5 MW Twelvemile Solar Project 1 & 2 and the 200 MW Twelvemile 3 Solar Project in southern Oklahoma, the projects total 724 MW of solar capacity.

The Mayes County Solar portfolio is capable of powering the equivalent of over 865,000 homes annually and avoiding over 3.7 million metric tons of CO2 emissions over the term of the power purchase agreement.

Leeward Renewable Energy purchased the Mayes County Solar Portfolio earlier this year from Red River Renewable Energy. The energy generated by the solar portfolio is delivered to Oklahoma’s largest utility, Grand River Dam Authority, which will power Google’s data center with clean energy.

The Mayes County Solar Portfolio includes three solar projects: 145 MW Salt Branch Solar, 125 MW Huckleberry Solar, and 102 MW Mayes Solar. Together, these projects will create over 300 construction jobs and generate an estimated $76 million in tax revenue for Mayes County over their lifespans – funds that will go toward essential county initiatives and schools. More than $60,000 has already been donated to local organizations like the Red Cross, the Chamber of Commerce, and other key services, giving an extra boost to community resources. They’re expected to come online by the end of the year.

“By partnering with Grand River Dam Authority and Leeward Renewable Energy, Google is furthering its ambition to power our facilities, including those in Oklahoma, with carbon-free energy around the clock by 2030,” said Amanda Peterson Corio, global head of data center energy at Google. “These power purchase agreements demonstrate how our scalable procurement approach is transforming the acquisition of clean energy and accelerating the development of carbon-free energy sources.“

In August 2024, research released by CBRE Group found that the amount of data center supply under construction in North America’s top markets jumped by about 70% year-over-year to a record 3.9 gigawatts of power, Reuters reported.

Read more: 3 of Oklahoma’s first NEVI EV charging stations will be Tesla Superchargers


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