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A general view of the exterior of the headquarters of Norfolk Southern on April 1, 2023 in Atlanta, Georgia. 

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Norfolk Southern is almost two months into a battle with activist investor Ancora, which is trying to shake up the railroad’s board and oust CEO Alan Shaw.

Now the firm is taking aim at Norfolk Southern’s new operating chief John Orr over what the activist calls an “excessive” buyout package and a career marred by allegations of racial and sexual discrimination.

Last month, Norfolk Southern hired Orr away from rival CPKC, paying tens of millions of dollars to buy him out of his contract. The move was widely seen as a response to Ancora’s operational criticisms and received praise from several Wall Street analysts.

In a letter to Norfolk Southern shareholders on Friday, Ancora highlighted past misconduct by Orr that raises questions about his hiring, even as the executive has overseen improvements in the railroad’s operations in his three weeks on the job.

Ancora documented both alleged and substantiated workplace misconduct by Orr, dating back to his time as a mid-level executive at Canadian National. An appointee of the Canadian Arbitration Board substantiated allegations that Orr used verbally abusive language toward a female employee in the early 2000s. 

The employee and another witness told the employment tribunal at the time that Orr regularly cursed and shouted at the employee, and called her a “f—— b—-” and a “f—— idiot.” A witness told the arbitrator that, in one instance, Orr told the employee that she “was so f—— stupid it was embarrassing.”

The arbitrator found the claims credible. 

Norfolk Southern CEO: We have offered board seats to activist investor

Ancora also flagged a lawsuit filed in 2019 by a Black executive, who described Orr’s treatment of employees and subordinates as “abysmal.” The suit was filed against Canadian National, alleging racial discrimination.

Orr’s behavior was allegedly “so bad” that Canadian National was forced to provide executive coaching for him, according to a 2020 filing in the lawsuit. Orr’s deposition is sealed and the case was settled in 2022.

Prior to the announced hiring of Orr, Ancora drew attention to claims about his behavior in emails to two Norfolk Southern board members that CNBC obtained.

Ancora said in its statement on Friday that the hiring of Orr was a costly proposition that’s harming shareholders. As part of the agreement, Norfolk Southern said it would pay Orr’s prior employer $25 million in cash and provide additional unspecified concessions for a key rail hub and route in the southern U.S. Norfolk Southern values that particular part of the route at around 1% of its revenues.

When it announced Orr’s hiring, Norfolk Southern didn’t disclose the initial impact of the concessions or the estimated knock-on effects in the years to come.

‘Flawed premise’

Norfolk Southern told CNBC in a statement that Ancora’s analysis of the value of the route — the Meridian Speedway agreement — “is completely inaccurate and based on a flawed premise,” in that it assumes Norfolk Southern is forgoing more revenue than it actually is.

“As we previously stated, this revised agreement is by no means a consequential concession,” the company said.

Ancora is seeking to oust Norfolk Southern’s Shaw along with Orr in favor of former UPS CEO Jim Barber and former CSX Executive Vice President Jamie Boychuk, respectively. The activist has said that Norfolk Southern is dramatically underperforming its peers, and has laid the blame at the feet of Shaw and the board.

Regarding Orr, Norfolk Southern said he has a “track record of improving performance while operating safely and with integrity.”

“Ancora’s attempt to malign John by dredging up claims against his former employer, one of which is from over 20 years ago, is nothing more than an attempt to distract from the facts about their deeply flawed COO candidate, Jamie Boychuk,” a company spokesperson told CNBC. “Mr. Orr and Mr. Boychuk’s track records and industry reputations are simply not comparable.”

Jamie Boychuk and John Orr.

Courtesy: Longacre Square Partners and Norfolk Southern

In February 2023, a Norfolk Southern freight train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, releasing toxic chemicals into the environment and prompting a political fight regarding railroad safety. Since then, the stock is roughly flat while the S&P 500 is up 26%.

Norfolk Southern’s shareholders meeting is scheduled for May 9.

Ancora has gained the backing of other stakeholders in its fight with the company. Neuberger Berman, which holds a small position in Norfolk Southern, said on Friday that it would support Ancora’s slate, citing a “history of poor governance that has long preceded” the railroad’s transformation efforts.

A settlement between the two sides appears unlikely, Gordon Haskett analyst Don Bilson said in a Friday note to clients. Shaw previously told CNBC that the company offered Ancora a “couple” of board seats in a settlement offer.

Ancora told CNBC that it’s made repeated attempts to settle with the company, both directly and through advisors. Any settlement, from Ancora’s perspective, would be contingent on a board refresh and Shaw’s ouster. The board has repeatedly expressed confidence in Shaw and has said it isn’t interested in a settlement that would lead to his departure.

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Why Eaton’s CFO change isn’t a red flag — plus, Palo Alto’s buzzy new deal

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Why Eaton's CFO change isn't a red flag — plus, Palo Alto's buzzy new deal

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Google launches Nano Banana Pro, an updated AI image generator powered by Gemini 3

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Google launches Nano Banana Pro, an updated AI image generator powered by Gemini 3

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Google on Thursday rolled out Nano Banana Pro, its latest image editing and generation tool, continuing the company’s momentum after launching its new Gemini artificial intelligence model earlier this week.

The product is built on Gemini 3 Pro, which was announced on Tuesday and contributed to record-breaking stock highs.

Alphabet’s stock was up 4% Thursday.

Josh Woodward, vice president of Google Labs and Gemini, told CNBC’s Deirdre Bosa that the Nano Banana Pro’s capabilities expand beyond its original iteration, which launched in late August.

“It’s incredible at infographics. It can make slide decks. It can take up to 14 different images, or five different characters, and sort of keep that character consistency,” he said.

He added that internal users have experimented with the feature by inputting code snippets and even LinkedIn resumes to create infographics.

“I think this ability to visualize things that were previously maybe not something you would think of as a visual medium that tends to be one of the magic things people are finding with it,” Woodward said.

The original Nano Banana went viral on social media as users turned photos of themselves or their pets into hyperrealistic 3D figurines. Woodward wrote in an X post in September that the product helped add 13 million new users to the Gemini app in the span of four days.

Nano Banana Pro is currently available in the Gemini app, with limited free quotas, Google’s writing assistant, NotebookLM, as well as the company’s developer, enterprise and advertising products.

Google AI Pro and Ultra subscribers will have access to the product in Google’s search features AI Mode.

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The feature will later also roll out to Ultra subscribers first in Flow, Google’s AI filmmaking tool.

Google introduced another feature in the Gemini app that allows users to upload any image to find out if it was generated by Google AI.

Images generated on free Nano Banana accounts will have a watermark, but it will be removed for Google AI Ultra tier subscribers.

Google has been working to gain ground on OpenAI in the generative AI race, which ignited after the release of ChatGPT in 2022.

Last week, OpenAI announced two updates to its GPT-5 model to make it “warmer by default and more conversational” as well as ” more efficient and easier to understand in everyday use,” the company said.

ChatGPT currently tops the list of free apps on Apple’s App Store, with Gemini in the second spot.

The Gemini app currently has over 650 million monthly active users per month, and Gemini-powered AI Overviews has 2 billion monthly users, Google said in a release. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said in October that ChatGPT had reached 800 million weekly active users.

Woodward said Google AI products have had growing demand, with many users signing up for Gemini’s subscription plan to have “higher limits with some of these advanced models.”

“We’re seeing high numbers of people coming to lots of these products,” he said. “That’s really the best problem to have, is there’s a lot of demand, and we’re trying to figure out actually how to serve it.”

The company is looking to continue scaling its AI offerings, Woodward said, highlighting Flow, Google’s AI filmmaking tool, and Genie, a “world building” model that is currently available as a limited research preview.

Gemini 3.0 and Google's custom AI chip edge

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U.S. greenlights AI chip exports to Gulf tech giants after Saudi Crown Prince’s Washington visit

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U.S. greenlights AI chip exports to Gulf tech giants after Saudi Crown Prince's Washington visit

U.S. President Donald Trump and Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman of Saudi Arabia stand for a photo with Tesla CEO Elon Musk, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang and other participants at the U.S.-Saudi Investment Forum at the Kennedy Center on Nov. 19, 2025 in Washington, DC.

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The U.S. has approved sales of advanced Nvidia chips to Saudi Arabia’s HUMAIN and the United Arab Emirates’ G42, authorizing the state-backed firms to buy up to 35,000 chips, worth an estimated $1 billion.

The approval of these chip exports marks a major reversal for the U.S., which had previously balked at the idea of direct exports to state-backed AI companies in the Gulf. Export controls were put into place to avoid advanced American technology making its way to China through the back door of Gulf Arab states.  

Before former President Joe Biden left office in January, he administered a final round of export restrictions on advanced AI chips, targeting companies like Nvidia, in a sweeping effort to keep that cutting-edge U.S. intellectual property out of China’s reach.

Now, President Donald Trump is moving to expand the reach of such advanced technology in order to “promote continued American AI dominance and global technological leadership,” the U.S. Commerce Department said in a statement published on Wednesday. 

The U.S. Commerce Department approved the chip exports, with the condition the state-backed AI outfits agree to “rigorous security and reporting requirements,” overseen by the Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security.

Saudi’s Victory Lap

The export approval follows Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s trip to Washington this week where the Kingdom pledged to spend $1 trillion in the U.S., up from $600 billion originally committed during Trump’s Gulf tour in May.

“Even if we don’t get to that, both sides have skin in the game,” Afshin Molavi, senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Institute of the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, told CNBC’s Dan Murphy.

Saudi pledges $1 trillion investment as dealmakers head to DC

Saudi Arabia’s AI company HUMAIN, backed by its nearly $1 trillion Public Investment Fund signed a long list of partnerships with Adobe, Qualcomm, AMD, Cisco, GlobalAI, Groq, Luma, and xAI at a U.S.-Saudi Investment Forum held in Washington, D.C this week. Notably, HUMAIN will be teaming up with Elon Musk’s xAI to build a 500 megawatt data center in the Kingdom.

“What we want to do in 2026 is to build the capacity equivalent to what Saudi has built in the last 20 years, in one year,” Tareq Amin, CEO of HUMAIN, said at the summit. HUMAIN is hoping to position Saudi Arabia as the third biggest global AI hub, after the likes of the U.S. and China.

Winning over the U.S. Commerce Department

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